beugen
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editVerb
editbeugen
- (intransitive) to fish with a longline
Inflection
editConjugation of beugen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | beugen | |||
past singular | beugde | |||
past participle | gebeugd | |||
infinitive | beugen | |||
gerund | beugen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | beug | beugde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | beugt, beug2 | beugde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | beugt | beugde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | beugt | beugde | ||
3rd person singular | beugt | beugde | ||
plural | beugen | beugden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | beuge | beugde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | beugen | beugden | ||
imperative sing. | beug | |||
imperative plur.1 | beugt | |||
participles | beugend | gebeugd | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
editbeugen
German
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German böugen, from Old High German bougen, from Proto-Germanic *baugijaną. In early modern German, almost fully merged with related biegen, which used to have the strong 2nd and 3rd persons singular du beugst, er beugt (compare similar archaic forms like du fleugst from fliegen). The later grammarians tried to distinguish the verbs again, though often in ways different from the (still vague) distinction that has now established itself.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editbeugen (weak, third-person singular present beugt, past tense beugte, past participle gebeugt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to bend something, to bow something
- das Knie beugen ― to bend one’s knee
- das Recht beugen ― to bend the law
- (reflexive) to bend; to bend over; to bow
- Er beugt sich, um durch die Luke zu passen.
- He bends over to pass through the hatch.
- (reflexive, figurative) to give in to; to cease to resist or disagree with [with dative ‘someone’]
- Er musste sich der Mehrheit beugen.
- He had to give in to the majority.
- (transitive, grammar) to inflect; to decline, conjugate, etc.
- Fast alle deutschen Maskulina auf -e werden schwach gebeugt.
- Virtually all German masculines in -e are inflected according to the weak declension.
Usage notes
edit- The normal word for “to bend something” is biegen. Beugen is often used instead with body parts and in figurative senses.
- Reflexively, sich beugen is used of people meaning a slight bending of the body (see the example above). Sich biegen will only be used for more unusual ways of bending like those of a contortionist. With things, conversely, sich beugen is rare; it then typically means a slight bending due to gravity or weight.
- Sich beugen can also mean “to bow out of respect” and “to stoop down”, but the former is more commonly sich verbeugen, and the latter sich bücken.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | beugen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | beugend | ||||
past participle | gebeugt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich beuge | wir beugen | i | ich beuge | wir beugen |
du beugst | ihr beugt | du beugest | ihr beuget | ||
er beugt | sie beugen | er beuge | sie beugen | ||
preterite | ich beugte | wir beugten | ii | ich beugte1 | wir beugten1 |
du beugtest | ihr beugtet | du beugtest1 | ihr beugtet1 | ||
er beugte | sie beugten | er beugte1 | sie beugten1 | ||
imperative | beug (du) beuge (du) |
beugt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
editSee also
editFurther reading
editCategories:
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/øːɣən
- Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch noun forms
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewgʰ-
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- German reflexive verbs
- de:Grammar