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Wiktionary

di-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "di"

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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PIE word
*dwóh₁

Borrowed from Latin di-, from Ancient Greek δι- (di-, “two”).

Prefix

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Greek number prefix
2 Previous: mono-
Next: tri-

di-

  2. Two.
    diacetate is any salt or ester having two acetate groups, dialkene is any alkene having two double bonds, diarchy is a state under the rule of two people; the form of government of such state, diactinal is having two rays
  4. Double, twice the quantity.
    diglossia is the presence of a cleft or doubled tongue, dicatalectic is doubly catalectic, at both the middle and the end of the verse, dichoree is a double choree
  6. A pair.
    diblock is of or pertaining to two blocks together, dimeson is a bound pair of mesons, dijet is a pair of jets
  8. Both, possessing two distinct (possibly opposing) qualities.
    dikinetic is having both metakinetic and mesokinetic joints, dialetheism is the theory that statements can be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense, dianalytic is describing a function that is analytic or antianalytic with regards to both the domain and codomain
Synonyms
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Synonyms: duo-, bi-, bis-

Translations
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Latin dis-.

Prefix

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di-

  2. Alternative form of dis-: split, to split; shortened before l, m, n, r, s (followed by a consonant), and v; also often shortened before g, and sometimes before j.
    divide is to split or separate (something) into two or more parts, diverge is to run apart; to separate; to tend into different directions

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from Ancient Greek δῐά (diá, “through”).

Prefix

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di-

  2. Alternative form of dia-: across or through, before a vowel.
    diactinic is capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light, dielectric is an electrically insulating or nonconducting material considered for its electric susceptibility, ie its property of polarization when exposed to an external electric field

Derived terms

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English terms prefixed with di-
terms derived from two
terms derived from pair
terms derived from double
terms derived from both
terms derived from across
terms derived from split

See also

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References

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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Catalan terms prefixed with di-

Danish

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Prefix

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di-

  1. two

Derived terms

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Danish terms prefixed with di-

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. Meaning two, twice, or double.
    dioxide
    dioxide
    dipool
    diople

Esperanto

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Etymology

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Derived from Latin di-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [di]
  • Hyphenation: di

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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Esperanto terms prefixed with di-

Finnish

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Etymology

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Internationalism (see English di-), ultimately from Ancient Greek δι- (di-).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di- (double, twin)
    Synonyms: bi-, kaksois-

Derived terms

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Finnish terms prefixed with di-
compounds

French

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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French terms prefixed with di-

German

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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German terms prefixed with di-

Further reading

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  • “di-” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. (transitive) Patient focus, used in an OVA sentence.
    dimakan ― to be eaten

Derived terms

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Indonesian terms prefixed with di-

Italian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /di/
  • Hyphenation: di-

Etymology 1

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From Latin de- (“indicating removal or descent”).

Prefix

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di-

  1. de-
Derived terms
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Italian terms prefixed with di-

Etymology 2

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From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-
Derived terms
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Italian terms prefixed with di-

Kongo

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *di-.

Prefix

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di- (plural ma-)

  1. class 5 prefix
  2. class 5 subject prefix

Latin

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Prefix

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dī-

  1. Alternative form of dis-
Usage notes
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Occurs before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st, v, and occasionally before consonantal i.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from δίς (dís, “twice, doubly”).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. Two, double; di-.
Derived terms
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Latin terms prefixed with di-
Descendants
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→ English: di-

Malay

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Etymology

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From Late Old Malay ni-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /di/
    • (with consonant-initial stem) IPA(key): [di-]
    • (with vowel-initial stem) IPA(key): [diʔ-]

Prefix

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di- (Jawi spelling د-)

  1. (third person) Patient focus or passive voice marker of a verb.
    ‎di- + ‎buka (“to open”) → ‎dibuka (“was opened”)
    Pintu itu dibuka (oleh) ayah.
    That door was opened by dad.

Usage notes

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  • According to the DBP's prescriptive grammar, this prefix is to be exclusively used in the third person.
    • Patient focus sentences in the first and second persons are formed by following the subject of a sentence with the stem form of a verb.
    • The difference mentioned above is as so:
      • Third person
        Makanan itu ditelan (oleh) dia.
        That food was swallowed by him/her.
      • First/Second person
        Aku/Kamu telan makanan itu.
        That food was swallowed by me/you.
    • The first/second person form of the so-called "patient focus" or "passive voice" sentence is regularly used in informal or everyday speech with an "agent focus" or "active voice" meaning so the example first/second person sentence above can be interpreted as so:
      Aku/Kamu telan makanan itu.
      I/You swallowed that food.
  • When the sentence agent appears right after the verb as in "The homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.", it can optionally be preceded by the preposition oleh, so the aforementioned sentence can be translated in the two ways shown below:
    Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan Adam dalam tiga minit.
    Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan oleh Adam dalam tiga minit.
    That homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.
  • If the sentence agent does not appear right after the verb as in "The homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.", the oleh preposition is now compulsory, as in the sentence below:
    Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan dalam tiga minit oleh Adam.
    That homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.

Derived terms

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Malay terms prefixed with di-

See also

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  • di- -kan (passive causitive or locative)
  • di- -i (passive causitive or benefactive)
  • meng- (active)
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Etymology 1

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Represents multiple homophonous thematic and aspectual prefixes of position I and VI, whose exact meaning and etymology remain mostly speculative.

Prefix

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di- (position I)

  1. fire, near or into it

► Navajo verbs with disjunct prefix di-

di- (position VI)

Young and Morgan (1987) identify 14 or so thematic prefixes, among others:

  1. fire, light
  2. arms and legs
  3. extension, elongated shape
  4. noise, sound, oral, food, sensory
  5. color (see also dini-)
  6. relinquishment, relief
  7. sanctity
  8. Unclassified, often entering in the formation of other prefix compounds

Four modal-aspectual uses are also distinguished:

  1. Forms a number of inceptive verbs, with a (∅/si) paradigm.
  2. Forms a number of inchoative verbs, with prepounded dah and a transitional (yii/yii) paradigm.
  3. Forms the future mode of all active verbs along with the progressive yi-.
  4. Forms a number of neuter adjectivals.

► Navajo verbs with prefix di-

Etymology 2

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Probably cognate with a prefix of similar shape occurring in other Athabascan languages a reflexive possessive pronoun.

Probably cognate with classifier -d- marking passive and reflexive verbs.

Prefix

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di- (position IV)

  1. Personal prefix used in combination with the prefix of position I à-, marking the reflexive verbs. It always triggers a classifier shift (∅ → d, ł → l).
    yishchʼid ― I'm scratching it
    nishchʼid ― I'm scratching you
    ádíshchʼid ― I'm scratching myself
    ánáádíshchʼid ― I'm scratching myself again

Northern Sotho

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin di-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di-
    Synonyms: bi-, dwu-
    ‎di- + ‎chromatyczny → ‎dichromatyczny

Derived terms

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Polish terms prefixed with di-

Further reading

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  • di- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di- (two, twice or double)

Derived terms

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Portuguese terms prefixed with di-

Sotho

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Spanish

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Etymology 1

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From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-
    Synonyms: bi-, duo-
Derived terms
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Spanish terms prefixed with di-

Etymology 2

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From Latin dis or Latin di.

Prefix

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di-

  1. dis-
Derived terms
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Spanish terms prefixed with di-

Further reading

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Tagalog

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Etymology

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From Proto-Philippine *di.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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dî- (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)

  1. non-; un-; de-

Derived terms

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Tagalog terms prefixed with di-
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Tswana

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Welsh

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Etymology

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Proto-Celtic *dī- (“from, of”), from Proto-Indo-European *de. Cognate with Cornish di-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. intensifying prefix
    ‎di- + ‎goddef → ‎dioddef
    ‎di- + ‎golwch → ‎diolch
  2. without, -less, de-, a-, negative prefix
    Synonyms: af-, an-, dis-
    ‎di- + ‎enw (“name”) → ‎dienw (“anonymous”)
    ‎di- + ‎paid (“pause, respite”) → ‎di-baid (“ceaseless, incessant”)
    ‎di- + ‎swydd (“job, office”) + ‎-o → ‎diswyddo (“dismiss, discharge, sack, make redundant”)

Usage notes

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The negative prefix di- indicates a lack of something and is most often attached to a noun in a similar manner to English -less, e.g. dienw (“anonymous, nameless”), di-waith (“unemployed (“workless”)”), diobaith (“hopeless”). In contrast, af- and an- simply denote the negative form of the following root rather than the lack of it.

Derived terms

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Welsh terms prefixed with di-

Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
di- ddi- ni- unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “di-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Makian

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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di-

  1. third-person plural possessive prefix, their
    di oma ― their children
  2. (polite) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, her
    mene de ti deto di musala ― this is my grandmother's mat

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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di-

  1. (inanimate) alternative form of da- (“its”) when preceded by a root-initial i

See also

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West Makian personal pronouns
independent possessive prefix
1st person singular de ti
2nd person singular ni ni
3rd person singular me mVan., dVinan.
1st person plural inclusive ene nV
1st person plural exclusive imi mi
2nd person plural ini fi
3rd person plural eme di

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[1], Pacific linguistics
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