experior

Latin

Etymology

From ex- +‎ *perior (“try, dare, risk”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go through”) (though de Vaan instead derives the root of the word from pariō (“to give birth to, bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“to provide, produce”)).^[1]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ekˈspe.ri.or/, [ɛkˈs̠pɛriɔr]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ekˈspe.ri.or/, [ekˈspɛːrior]

Verb

experior (present infinitive experīrī or experīrier, perfect active expertus sum); fourth conjugation, deponent

to attempt, to try; to test, to put to the test, to find out, to prove; therefore, to make trial of a person or thing
Synonyms: periclitor, probō, temptō, spectō, explōrō
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44:
  Si iterum experiri velint, se iterum paratum esse decertare; si pace uti velint, iniquum esse de stipendio recusare, quod sua voluntate ad id tempus pependerint.
  If they chose to attempt a second trial, he was ready to encounter them again; but if they chose to enjoy peace, it was unfair to refuse the tribute, which of their own free-will they had paid up to that time.
- 44 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum 9.10.3:
  ut verum loquar, aetas iam a diuturnis laboribus devexa ad otium domesticarum me rerum delectatione mollivit. nunc si vel periculose experiundum erit, experiar certe ut hinc avolem. ante oportuit fortasse; sed ea quae scripsisti me tardarunt et auctoritas maxime tua.
  To speak the truth, in my declining years I am, after my long labours and softened by the comforts of domestic life, inclined to rest. But now, even if the experience is dangerous, I shall at any rate try to fly away. Perhaps I ought to have done so earlier; but the aforesaid considerations, and above all your advice, served to detain me.
- ~40 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, On the Eminent Commanders XIV. Datames 2.3:
  is regi dicto audiens non erat. quam ob causam bello eum persequi constituit eique rei praefecit Datamen, propinquum Paphlagonis: namque ex fratre et sorore erant nati. quam ob causam Datames primum experiri voluit, ut sine armis propinquum ad officium reduceret. ad quem cum venisset sine praesidio, quod ab amico nullas vereretur insidias, paene interiit: nam Thuys eum clam interficere voluit.
  Because that man (Thuys) was disobedient to him, the king decided to wage war on him and entrusted Datames, who was related to the Paphlagonian and sibling with him, with this commission. So Datames wanted to make an attempt to get his relative back to obedience without using force of arms. However, when he went to him without a guard because he feared no pursuit from his friend, he almost perished; for Thuys intended to secretly murder him.
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.814:
  ‘magna fidēs avium est, experiāmur avēs.’
  ‘‘Great is the belief of bird omens; we shall put the birds to the test.’’
  (Romulus and Remus resort to augury or bird divination to settle their dispute.)
to experience, to go through, to observe, to suffer, to endure, to sustain, to witness
Synonym: ūtor
to do, fare

Conjugation

Conjugation of experior (fourth conjugation, deponent)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	experior	experīris, experīre	experītur	experīmur	experīminī	experiuntur
	imperfect	experiēbar	experiēbāris, experiēbāre	experiēbātur	experiēbāmur	experiēbāminī	experiēbantur
	future	experiar	experiēris, experiēre	experiētur	experiēmur	experiēminī	experientur
	perfect	expertus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	expertus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	expertus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	experiar	experiāris, experiāre	experiātur	experiāmur	experiāminī	experiantur
	imperfect	experīrer	experīrēris, experīrēre	experīrētur	experīrēmur	experīrēminī	experīrentur
	perfect	expertus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	expertus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	experīre	—	—	experīminī	—
active	future	—	experītor	experītor	—	—	experiuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		experīrī, experīrier¹	expertum esse	expertūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		experiēns	expertus	expertūrus	—	—	experiendus, experiundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		experiendī	experiendō	experiendum	experiendō	expertum	expertū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Related terms

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pariō, -ere (> Derivatives > (2) > experīrī)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 445-6