jeden
Czech
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: první Adverbial: jedenkrát, jednikrát, jednou Repetition adjective: jednonásobný Collective: jedny | ||||
Czech Wikipedia article on 1 |
Pronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Old Czech jeden, from Proto-Slavic *edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”).
Numeral
editjeden m (feminine jedna, neuter jedno)
Declension
editsingular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | |
genitive | jednoho | jedné | jednoho | |
dative | jednomu | jedné | jednomu | |
accusative | jednoho | jeden | jednu | jedno |
locative | jednom | jedné | jednom | |
instrumental | jedním | jednou | jedním | |
plural | ||||
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jedni | jedny | jedna | |
genitive | jedněch | |||
dative | jedněm | |||
accusative | jedny | jedna | ||
locative | jedněch | |||
instrumental | jedněmi |
Coordinate terms
editDerived terms
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Participle
editjeden
Further reading
editGerman
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editjeden
Kashubian
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Cardinal: jeden |
Etymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ.
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editjeden
Declension
editsingular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | jedny | jedne | |
genitive | jednégò | jedny | jednégò | jednëch | ||
dative | jednémù | jedny | jednémù | jednym | ||
accusative | jednégò | jeden | jednã | jedno | jednëch | jedne |
instrumental | jednym | jedną | jednym | jednyma | ||
locative | jednym | jedny | jednym | jednëch |
Further reading
edit- “jeden I”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- “jeden II”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “jeden”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1]
Old Czech
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: prvý, první Adverbial: jednú |
Etymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editjeden
Declension
editsingular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | |
genitive | jednoho | jedné | jednoho | |
dative | jednomu | jednej, jednéj | jednomu | |
accusative | jednoho, jeden | jednu | jedno | |
locative | jednom | jednej, jednéj | jednom | |
instrumental | jedniem | jednú | jedniem | |
dual | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | jedna | jedně | ||
genitive | jednú | |||
dative | jedněma | |||
accusative | jedna | jedně | ||
locative | jednú | |||
instrumental | jedněma | |||
plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | jedni | jedny | jedna | |
genitive | jedněch | |||
dative | jedněm | |||
accusative | jedny | jedna | ||
locative | jedněch | |||
instrumental | jedněmi |
Coordinate terms
editDescendants
edit- Czech: jeden
References
edit- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “jeden”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editjeden
Declension
editThis numeral needs an inflection-table template.
Pronoun
editjeden
- a; some, a certain; one
- some man, some guy (undefined male person)
- every
- Synonym: każdy
- alone
- Synonym: sam
- same
- Synonym: sam
Declension
editThis pronoun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
editReferences
edit- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “jeden, jaden”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: pierwszy Adverbial: jednokrotnie, jednokroć, raz Multiplier: pojedynczy, jednokrotny Distributive: pojedynczo Adverbial qualitative: jednorako Multiplier qualitative: jednoraki Fractional: całość Numeral noun: jedynka Relational adjective: jedynkowy |
Etymology
editInherited from Old Polish jeden.
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editjeden
Usage notes
edit- In composite numbers (dwadzieścia jeden, trzydzieści jeden, czterdzieści jeden, etc.), jeden is indeclinable and creates a neuter-singular noun phrase. Thus:
- Było dwudziestu jeden ludzi tam. ― There were twenty-one people there.
- Zobaczyłem tam dwudziestu jeden ludzi. ― I saw twenty-one people there.
Declension
editsingular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | jedni | jedne | |
genitive | jednego | jednej | jednego | jednych | ||
dative | jednemu | jednej | jednemu | jednym | ||
accusative | jednego | jeden | jedną | jedno | jednych | jedne |
instrumental | jednym | jedną | jednym | jednymi | ||
locative | jednym | jednej | jednym | jednych |
Coordinate terms
editAdjective
editjeden (not comparable, no derived adverb)
- first; one
- Szedł z jednego kąta do drugiego. ― He was walking from one corner to the other.
- same; one
- Mają jeden cel. ― They have one goal.
- a; some, a certain; one
- jakiś ― pewien
- Mam jednego kota. ― I have a cat.
- denotes something composed of many smaller parts single; one
- jedna całość ― single whole
- denotes a negative opinion to the listener held by the speaker; you!
- Ty byku jeden! ― You boob!
- (colloquial) only, merely denotes speakers disappointment with the small size or amount
- Synonym: jedyny
Noun
editjeden m pers (female equivalent jedna)
- (colloquial) some man, some guy (undefined male person)
Declension
editNoun
editjeden m animal
- (colloquial) glass of vodka
Declension
editDerived terms
editTrivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), jeden is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 309 times in scientific texts, 261 times in news, 217 times in essays, 191 times in fiction, and 174 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1152 times, making it the 34th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
editFurther reading
edit- jeden in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- jeden in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “jeden”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “JEDEN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2022 December 5
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “jeden”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “jeden”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “jeden”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 151
- jeden in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Serbo-Croatian
editParticiple
editjeden (Cyrillic spelling једен)
Slovak
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: prvý Adverbial: raz Multiplier: jeden jediný, jednotný Qualitative: jednaký |
Etymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editjeden m
- one (1)
Declension
editsingular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | |
genitive | jedného | jednej | jedného | |
dative | jednému | jednej | jednému | |
accusative | jedného | jeden | jednu | jedno |
locative | jednom | jednej | jednom | |
instrumental | jedným | jednou | jedným | |
plural | ||||
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jedni | jedny | ||
genitive | jedných | |||
dative | jedným | |||
accusative | jedných | jedny | ||
locative | jedných | |||
instrumental | jednými |
Coordinate terms
editFurther reading
edit- “jeden”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
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