pesar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan pesar, from Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pensar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [pəˈza]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [peˈzaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesí, past participle pesat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

1. to weigh, to have a certain weight
2. to weigh, to measure the weight of
3. to ponder, to consider
4. (impersonal) to regret

   Li pesa d'haver pres aquella decisió. ― He regrets having made that decision.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pesar (first conjugation)

infinitive			pesar
gerund			pesant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pesat		pesada
		plural		pesats		pesades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	peso	peses	pesa	pesem	peseu	pesen
	imperfect	pesava	pesaves	pesava	pesàvem	pesàveu	pesaven
	future	pesaré	pesaràs	pesarà	pesarem	pesareu	pesaran
	preterite	pesí	pesares	pesà	pesàrem	pesàreu	pesaren
	conditional	pesaria	pesaries	pesaria	pesaríem	pesaríeu	pesarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	pesi	pesis	pesi	pesem	peseu	pesin
	imperfect	pesés	pesessis	pesés	peséssim	peséssiu	pesessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	pesa	pesi	pesem	peseu	pesin
	negative (no)	—	no pesis	no pesi	no pesem	no peseu	no pesin

Derived terms

• repesar
• pesant
• pesat

Related terms

• pes

References

• “pesar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “pesar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “pesar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “pesar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Inherited from Latin pensāre. Doublet of pensar (“to think”)

Verb

pesar (ORB, broad)

1. to weigh

References

• peser in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• pesar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese pesar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin pēnsāre (“ponder, weigh”). Compare the doublet pensar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [peˈsaɾ]

Verb

pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesei, past participle pesado)

1. (transitive) to weigh (measure the weight of)
2. (intransitive) to weigh (have a certain weight)
3. (impersonal) to grieve, sadden, burden

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pesar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pesar
Personal	pesar	pesares	pesar	pesarmos	pesardes	pesaren
Gerund
	pesando
Past participle
Masculine	pesado			pesados
Feminine	pesada			pesadas
Indicative
Present	peso	pesas	pesa	pesamos	pesades	pesan
Imperfect	pesaba	pesabas	pesaba	pesabamos	pesabades	pesaban
Preterite	pesei	pesaches	pesou	pesamos	pesastes	pesaron
Pluperfect	pesara	pesaras	pesara	pesaramos	pesarades	pesaran
Future	pesarei	pesarás	pesará	pesaremos	pesaredes	pesarán
Conditional	pesaría	pesarías	pesaría	pesariamos	pesariades	pesarían
Subjunctive
Present	pese	peses	pese	pesemos	pesedes	pesen
Imperfect	pesase	pesases	pesase	pesásemos	pesásedes	pesasen
Future	pesar	pesares	pesar	pesarmos	pesardes	pesaren
Imperative
Affirmative		pesa	pese	pesemos	pesade	pesen
Negative (non)		non peses	non pese	non pesemos	non pesedes	non pesen

    Reintegrated conjugation of pesar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pesar
Personal	pesar	pesares	pesar	pesarmos	pesardes	pesarem
Gerund
	pesando
Past participle
Masculine	pesado			pesados
Feminine	pesada			pesadas
Indicative
Present	peso	pesas	pesa	pesamos	pesades, pesais	pesam
Imperfect	pesava	pesavas	pesava	pesávamos	pesávades, pesáveis, pesávais1	pesavam
Preterite	pesei	pesaste, pesache1	pesou	pesamos	pesastes	pesárom, pesaram
Pluperfect	pesara	pesaras	pesara	pesáramos	pesárades, pesáreis, pesárais1	pesaram
Future	pesarei	pesarás	pesará	pesaremos	pesaredes, pesareis	pesarám, pesarão
Conditional	pesaria	pesarias	pesaria	pesaríamos	pesaríades, pesaríeis, pesaríais1	pesariam
Subjunctive
Present	pese	peses	pese	pesemos	pesedes, peseis	pesem
Imperfect	pesasse	pesasses	pesasse	pesássemos	pesássedes, pesásseis	pesassem
Future	pesar	pesares	pesar	pesarmos	pesardes	pesarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pesa	pese	pesemos	pesade, pesai	pesem
Negative (nom)		nom peses	nom pese	nom pesemos	nom pesedes, nom peseis	nom pesem

¹Less recommended.

Noun

pesar m (plural pesares)

1. grief

   Synonym: pena

Derived terms

• a pesar de

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “pesar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “pesar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “pesar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “pesar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “pesar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “pesar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “pesar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pensar.

Verb

pesar

1. (transitive) to weigh (measure the weight of)
2. (intransitive) to weigh (have a certain weight)
3. (transitive) to bother; to worry

Descendants

• Occitan: pesar

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “pensāre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 8: Patavia–Pix, page 189

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Compare the doublet pensar.

Verb

pesar

1. to weigh
2. to burden
   • c. 1140, “Cantar primero. Destierro del Cid”, in Cantar de Mio Cid:

     Si a vós ploguiere, Minaya, e non vos caya en pesar

     If it pleases you, Minaya, and doesn't fall on you with burden

Descendants

• Spanish: pesar

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• pezar (archaic)

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese pesar, from Latin pēnsāre (“ponder, weigh”). Compare the doublet pensar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈza(ʁ)/ [peˈza(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈza(ʁ)/ [peˈza(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /peˈza(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /peˈza(ʁ)/ [peˈza(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈza(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈzaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈzaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈza.ɾi/

Verb

pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesei, past participle pesado)

1. to weigh (determine the weight of an object)

   Synonym: sopesar

2. to weigh (have a certain weight)
3. to influence (to exert an influence upon)

   Synonym: influenciar

4. (intransitive) to be heavy
5. (of a food or meal) to cause heartburn or indigestion

   Synonym: queimar

6. to burden (cause worry or pressure)

   Synonyms: pressionar, sobrecarregar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pesar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pesar
Personal	pesar	pesares	pesar	pesarmos	pesardes	pesarem
Gerund
	pesando
Past participle
Masculine	pesado			pesados
Feminine	pesada			pesadas
Indicative
Present	peso	pesas	pesa	pesamos	pesais	pesam
Imperfect	pesava	pesavas	pesava	pesávamos	pesáveis	pesavam
Preterite	pesei	pesaste	pesou	pesamos1, pesámos2	pesastes	pesaram
Pluperfect	pesara	pesaras	pesara	pesáramos	pesáreis	pesaram
Future	pesarei	pesarás	pesará	pesaremos	pesareis	pesarão
Conditional	pesaria	pesarias	pesaria	pesaríamos	pesaríeis	pesariam
Subjunctive
Present	pese	peses	pese	pesemos	peseis	pesem
Imperfect	pesasse	pesasses	pesasse	pesássemos	pesásseis	pesassem
Future	pesar	pesares	pesar	pesarmos	pesardes	pesarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pesa	pese	pesemos	pesai	pesem
Negative (não)		não peses	não pese	não pesemos	não peseis	não pesem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:pesar.

Related terms

• pesado
• peso

Etymology 2

Nominalization of Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈzaʁ/ [peˈzah]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈzaʁ/ [peˈzah]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /peˈzaɾ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /peˈzaʁ/ [peˈzaχ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈzaɻ/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈzaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈzaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈza.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: pe‧sar

Noun

pesar m (plural pesares)

1. grief; regret

   Synonyms: arrependimento, pena, remorso, tristeza

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:pesar.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish pesar, from Latin pēnsāre, whence also the doublet pensar 'think'. Cognate with English poise, French peser, Italian pesare, Portuguese pesar, and Romanian păsa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peˈsaɾ/ [peˈsaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: pe‧sar

Verb

pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesé, past participle pesado)

1. (transitive) to weigh (to determine the weight of an object)
2. (transitive) to weigh (to have a certain weight)

   Un galón de agua pesa 3,78 kilos.

   A gallon of water weighs 3.78 kilos.

3. to ponder
4. to be serious, to be grave
5. (reflexive) to weigh oneself

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pesar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			pesar
gerund			pesando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pesado		pesada
		plural		pesados		pesadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	peso	pesastú pesásvos	pesa	pesamos	pesáis	pesan
	imperfect	pesaba	pesabas	pesaba	pesábamos	pesabais	pesaban
	preterite	pesé	pesaste	pesó	pesamos	pesasteis	pesaron
	future	pesaré	pesarás	pesará	pesaremos	pesaréis	pesarán
	conditional	pesaría	pesarías	pesaría	pesaríamos	pesaríais	pesarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pese	pesestú pesésvos2	pese	pesemos	peséis	pesen
	imperfect (ra)	pesara	pesaras	pesara	pesáramos	pesarais	pesaran
	imperfect (se)	pesase	pesases	pesase	pesásemos	pesaseis	pesasen
	future1	pesare	pesares	pesare	pesáremos	pesareis	pesaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		pesatú pesávos	pese	pesemos	pesad	pesen
	negative		no peses	no pese	no pesemos	no peséis	no pesen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of pesar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive pesar
	dative	pesarme	pesarte	pesarle, pesarse	pesarnos	pesaros	pesarles, pesarse
	accusative	pesarme	pesarte	pesarlo, pesarla, pesarse	pesarnos	pesaros	pesarlos, pesarlas, pesarse
with gerund pesando
	dative	pesándome	pesándote	pesándole, pesándose	pesándonos	pesándoos	pesándoles, pesándose
	accusative	pesándome	pesándote	pesándolo, pesándola, pesándose	pesándonos	pesándoos	pesándolos, pesándolas, pesándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pesa
	dative	pésame	pésate	pésale	pésanos	not used	pésales
	accusative	pésame	pésate	pésalo, pésala	pésanos	not used	pésalos, pésalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative pesá
	dative	pesame	pesate	pesale	pesanos	not used	pesales
	accusative	pesame	pesate	pesalo, pesala	pesanos	not used	pesalos, pesalas
with formal second-person singular imperative pese
	dative	péseme	not used	pésele, pésese	pésenos	not used	péseles
	accusative	péseme	not used	péselo, pésela, pésese	pésenos	not used	péselos, péselas
with first-person plural imperative pesemos
	dative	not used	pesémoste	pesémosle	pesémonos	pesémoos	pesémosles
	accusative	not used	pesémoste	pesémoslo, pesémosla	pesémonos	pesémoos	pesémoslos, pesémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative pesad
	dative	pesadme	not used	pesadle	pesadnos	pesaos	pesadles
	accusative	pesadme	not used	pesadlo, pesadla	pesadnos	pesaos	pesadlos, pesadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative pesen
	dative	pésenme	not used	pésenle	pésennos	not used	pésenles, pésense
	accusative	pésenme	not used	pésenlo, pésenla	pésennos	not used	pésenlos, pésenlas, pésense

Derived terms

• a pesar de
• a pesar de los pesares
• mal que te pese
• pesadilla
• pesado
• pesadumbre
• pésame
• pese a
• pese a quien pese

 

Related terms

• peso

 

Noun

pesar m (plural pesares)

1. grief, regret, chagrin

Derived terms

• pesaroso

 

Further reading

• “pesar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Anagrams

• persa