ze
English
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editArticle
editze
- Nonstandard spelling of the (usually signifying a foreign accent, often French or German).
- Synonym: za
- 1992, Tristan Jones, Adrift, page 257:
- Then one French-American sous-chef, still in his white kitchen gear, climbed down from the cockpit, where he had been inspecting the cabin, peering inside, murmuring, "wonderfool–wonderfool, ze workmansheep!"
- 2000 July 8, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Yule Ball”, in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (Harry Potter; 4), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 364:
- At ze Palace of Beauxbatons, we ’ave ice sculptures all around ze Dining Chamber at Chreetsmas. Zey do not melt, of course … zey are like ’uge statues of diamond, glittering around ze place.
Etymology 2
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editze
- (rare, nonstandard) a gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, equivalent to singular they, and coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
- 1996 June, Caitlin Sullivan with Bornstein, Kate, Nearly Roadkill: an Infobahn erotic adventure[1], New York: Serpent's Tail, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL, LCC PS3569.U3449 N43 1996, page 10:
- But I do know what sex ze is. It used to influence me. But now I talk to hir like a normal person. I mean, without thinking about what ze is.
- 1997 December 18, Kate Bornstein, My Gender Workbook: How to Become a Real Man, a Real Woman, the Real You, or Something Else Entirely, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL, LCC HQ1075.B69 1998, page 130:
- A case in point is Tula, a transgendered woman who for years lived well as a model and actress until ze was outed in both national and international media.
- 2010 October 12, Erika Lopez, The Girl Must Die: A Monster Girl Memoir, Hicken, Jeffrey, San Francisco: Monster Girl Media, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 143:
- Ze changed hir name to one of those New Testament names, and re-fashioned hirself into a soft, puffy, half-finished hermaphrodite nicknamed, The Pop n' Fresh Doe.
Usage notes
edit- The genderqueer community are the primary proponents of ze. One refers to a person with ze and hir or zir typically (a) when their gender is unknown, and one wishes to avoid assuming their gender, or (b) when they are neither male nor female in gender, making he and she (and also either/or terms like s/he or (s)he) inappropriate and potentially hurtful.
Synonyms
editCoordinate terms
editSee also
editEtymology 3
editNoun
editze (plural zes)
- The name of the Cyrillic script letter З / з.
Anagrams
editAlbanian
editEtymology
editA Gheg dialect word, of unclear origin.
Noun
editze f (plural ze, definite zeja, definite plural zejet)
Related terms
editAukan
editEtymology
editNoun
editze
References
edit- Aukan-English Dictionary (SIL)
Basque
editPronunciation
edit
- Rhymes: -e
- Hyphenation: ze
Etymology 1
editNoun
editze inan
- The name of the Latin-script letter C/c.
Declension
editindefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | ze | zea | zeak |
ergative | zek | zeak | zeek |
dative | zeri | zeari | zeei |
genitive | zeren | zearen | zeen |
comitative | zerekin | zearekin | zeekin |
causative | zerengatik | zearengatik | zeengatik |
benefactive | zerentzat | zearentzat | zeentzat |
instrumental | zez | zeaz | zeez |
inessive | zetan | zean | zeetan |
locative | zetako | zeko | zeetako |
allative | zetara | zera | zeetara |
terminative | zetaraino | zeraino | zeetaraino |
directive | zetarantz | zerantz | zeetarantz |
destinative | zetarako | zerako | zeetarako |
ablative | zetatik | zetik | zeetatik |
partitive | zerik | — | — |
prolative | zetzat | — | — |
Derived terms
edit- ze hautsi (“cee with cedilla”)
See also
edit- (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta
Etymology 2
editConjunction
editze
- (Biscayan) because
- (obsolete) than
- (Biscayan, Gipuzkoan) Introduces a subordinate clause expressing a result, consequence or effect; that
- Synonym: ezen
- c. 1567, Joan Perez de Lazarraga, “Doncellachoa, orain çaoz...”, in Lazarraga Eskuizkribuaren edizioa eta azterketa. II. Testua, EHU Press, published 2020, →ISBN:
- Ala çara mudaduco, ce / ez çau inorc eçautuco
- [Ala zara mudaduko, ze / ez zau inork ezautuko]
- You'll change so much that / nobody will recognize you
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) Introduces a clause that is the subject or object of a verb; that
Etymology 3
editDeterminer
editze (preposed, interrogative)
- Colloquial form of zer (“what”)
Pronoun
editze (interrogative)
- Colloquial form of zer (“what”)
Further reading
edit- “ze”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
- “ze”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Central Nahuatl
edit< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ze Ordinal : inik ze | ||
Etymology
editCognate to Classical Nahuatl ce
Numeral
editze
- one.
Cimbrian
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle High German si(e) (“they”), merged from Old High German sie m pl, sio f pl, siu n pl, from Proto-Germanic *īz m, *ijôz f, *ijō n, the nominative plural forms of *iz. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij.
Pronoun
editze
- (Sette Comuni) they
- Synonym: zandare
Inflection
editnominative | accusative | dative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mich | miar | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich | diar |
polite | iart | ach | òich | |
3rd person singular | m | èar, ar | in, en | iime |
f | zi, ze | iar | ||
n | es, is | es, 's | iime | |
1st person plural | bar, bandare |
zich | izàndarn | |
2nd person plural | iart, iartàndare, artàndare |
òich, ach | ogàndarn | |
3rd person plural | ze, zòi, zandare |
zich | innàndarn |
Alternative forms
editEtymology 2
editPronoun
editze
- Alternative form of zi (“she”)
References
edit- “ze” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Czech
editPronunciation
editPreposition
editze [with genitive]
- Alternative form of z (“from, out of”)
Usage notes
edit- The more usual form is z, while ze is used before words starting with s, z and certain consonant clusters.
Further reading
editDutch
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editze
- Unstressed form of zij (feminine singular subject)
- Daar zit ze. ― There she is sitting.
- Unstressed form of zij (plural subject)
- Daar zitten ze. ― There they are sitting.
- Unstressed form of haar (feminine singular object)
- Ik zie ze. ― I see her.
- Unstressed form of hen, hun (plural object)
- Ik zie ze. ― I see them.
Usage notes
edit- In the Netherlands, ze is used as a reduced form of haar chiefly when referring to feminine inanimate things:
- Ik wist de waarheid niet en ik wilde ze ook niet weten.
- I didn’t know the truth and didn’t wish to know it either.
- It is often avoided by using the reduced form h'r or the masculine form hem or the neuter form het or, in formal style, the full form haar.
- In Belgium, ze is usual as a reduced form of haar even when referring to persons (as in the example further above).
- Ze is used in certain short and idiomatic phrases in the imperative wishing one good luck, the most common by far being werk ze (“good luck at work!”).
Inflection
editDerived terms
editDescendants
editGun
editPronunciation
editVerb
editzé
- to take
Haitian Creole
editEtymology
editFrom French œufs (“eggs”). In French, the plural form œufs is commonly preceded by a determiner- such as aux, les or mes- whose final s or x is pronounced /z/ before vowels (and is otherwise silent). As a result, œufs was reanalyzed in Haitian Creole as beginning with /z/.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editze
Ido
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editze (plural ze-i)
- The name of the Latin script letter Z/z.
See also
editJapanese
editRomanization
editze
Kashubian
editPronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z.
Lower Sorbian
editPronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z (both meanings; used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)
- Stej bratš ze sotšu. ― They are brother and sister (literally, “brother with sister”)
Luxembourgish
editAlternative forms
edit- zu (for the adverb, when stressed)
Etymology
editFrom Middle High German ze, from Old High German zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta, reduced form of *tō, whence Luxembourgish zu and zou.
Pronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- to (with a following infinitive)
- De Kaffi ass ze waarm fir ze drénken.
- The coffee is too hot to drink.
Adverb
editze
- too (more than enough, when unstressed)
- De Kaffi ass ze waarm fir ze drénken.
- The coffee is too hot to drink.
Mandarin
editRomanization
editze
- Nonstandard spelling of zē.
- Nonstandard spelling of zé.
- Nonstandard spelling of zè.
- Nonstandard spelling of zê̄.
Usage notes
edit- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Masurian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Old Polish że.
Conjunction
editze
- introduces a subordinate clause; that
- 2018, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, translated by Paweł Pogorzelski and Psioter ôt Sziatków (Piotr Szatkowski), Małi Princ [The Little Prince], →ISBN, page 29:
- – To nie je zachä. To furá. To je fligier. To je mój fligier. Bułém sztolc, com mók mu poziedżiecz, ze furam
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Etymology 2
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z
Middle English
editEtymology
editFrom Old English sǣ.
Noun
editze
- Alternative form of see (“sea”)
Descendants
edit- English: sea
Middle High German
editPreposition
editze (+ dative)
- Alternative form of zuo
Northern Qiang
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rəj.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editze
References
editZhou Facheng, Sun Hongkai (2010) 汉羌词典 [Chinese–Qiang dictionary][4], Beijing: 中国文联出版社, →ISBN
Old Czech
editPronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z.
Old Polish
editPronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z
Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish z, from Proto-Slavic *jьz.
Pronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z
Particle
editze
- (colloquial) Alternative form of z
Usage notes
editSee z.
Further reading
editSaterland Frisian
editEtymology
editFrom Old Frisian [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *sī. Cognates include West Frisian sy and German sie.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editze
See also
editReferences
editSilesian
editPronunciation
editPreposition
editze
- Alternative form of z
Turkish
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editze (definite accusative zeyi, plural zeler)
- The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.
See also
edit- (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze
Etymology 2
editNoun
editze
- Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ز
Turkmen
editNoun
editze (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])
- The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.
White Hmong
edit
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editze
Xhosa
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Relative
edit-ze?
Inflection
editRelative concord | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |||
positive | negative | positive | negative | |
1st singular | endize | endingeze | ndize | andize |
2nd singular | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
1st plural | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
2nd plural | enize | eningeze | nize | anize |
Class 1 | oze | ongeze | uze | akaze |
Class 2 | abaze | abangeze | baze | abaze |
Class 3 | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
Class 4 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 5 | elize | elingeze | lize | alize |
Class 6 | aze | angeze | aze | awaze |
Class 7 | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
Class 8 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 9 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 10 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 11 | oluze | olungeze | luze | aluze |
Class 14 | obuze | obungeze | buze | abuze |
Class 15 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Class 17 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Yola
editVerb
editze
- Alternative form of zee (“to see”)
References
edit- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 81
Zazaki
editAdverb
editze
Zulu
editEtymology 1
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editRelative
edit-zé
Inflection
editRelative concord, tone H | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |||
positive | negative | positive | negative | |
1st singular | engize | engingeze | ngize | angize |
2nd singular | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
1st plural | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
2nd plural | enize | eningeze | nize | anize |
Class 1 | oze | ongeze | uze | akaze |
Class 2 | abaze | abangeze | baze | abaze |
Class 3 | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
Class 4 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 5 | elize | elingeze | lize | alize |
Class 6 | aze | angeze | aze | awaze |
Class 7 | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
Class 8 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 9 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 10 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 11 | oluze | olungeze | luze | aluze |
Class 14 | obuze | obungeze | buze | abuze |
Class 15 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Class 17 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom -za (“to come”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
edit-ze
- (auxiliary, in positive) until [with subjunctive]
- Sizolinda baze bafike.
- We will wait until they arrive.
- Sakhuluma waze wafika uthisha.
- We talked until the teacher arrived.
- (auxiliary, in positive, past) used in exclamations [with subjunctive clause]
- Waze wamuhle umakoti!
- Oh how beautiful the bride is!
- (auxiliary, in negative, present) never [with potential]
- Angize ngingadla inyama.
- I never eat meat.
- (auxiliary, in negative, past) never [with subjunctive]
- Akazange agibele ihhashi.
- He has never ridden a horse.
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
References
editC. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-ze”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-ze”
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