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{{Short description|Genus of trees}}
{{for|the genus of moths with this name|Agonis (moth)}}
{{For|the genus of moths with this name|Agonis (moth)}}
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{{taxobox
{{Use Australian English|date=January 2016}}
⚫
|name = ''Agonis''
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
⚫
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Agonis flexuosa.jpg
|image = Agonis flexuosa.jpg
|image_caption = Flowers of ''[[Agonis flexuosa|A. flexuosa]]''
|image_caption = Flowers of ''[[Agonis flexuosa]]''
|display_parents = 2
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
⚫
|taxon = Agonis
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperm]]s
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|authority = ([[DC.]]) [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]]<ref name="POWO" />
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicot]]s
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="POWO" />
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosid]]s
|synonyms =
|ordo = [[Myrtales]]
* ''Billotia'' <small>[[R.Br.]] ex [[George Don|G.Don]] 1832 [[nom. illeg.]]</small>
|familia = [[Myrtaceae]]
* ''Paragonis'' <small>[[J.R.Wheeler]] & [[Neville Graeme Marchant|N.G.Marchant]]</small>
|genus = '''''Agonis'''''
⚫
}}
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|genus_authority = ([[A. P. de Candolle|DC.]]) [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = ''[[Agonis baxteri]]''<br>
''[[Agonis flexuosa]]''<br>
''[[Agonis theiformis]]''<br>
⚫
''[[Agonis undulata]]''
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|}}


'''''Agonis''''' is a [[genus]] of four [[species]] in the plant family [[Myrtaceae]]. All are [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to [[Western Australia]], growing near the coast in the [[Southwest Australia|south west]].
'''''Agonis''''' is a [[genus]] of flowering plants in the plant family [[Myrtaceae]]. All are [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to [[Western Australia]], growing near the coast in the [[Southwest Australia|south west]]. Plants in the genus ''Agonis'' are shrubs or trees with [[Monoicy|bisexual]] flowers arranged in heads in leaf axils with 5 [[sepal]]s and usually 5 white petals, each with 15 to 30 [[stamen]]s arranged opposite the sepals, and the fruit a woody [[Capsule (fruit)|capsule]].


==Description==
Only one, ''[[Agonis flexuosa]]'', grows to tree size, the others generally growing as tall [[shrub]]s.
Plants in the genus ''Agonis'' are shrubs or trees, the leaves [[Leaf#Divisions of the blade |simple]] with small [[Gland (botany)|glands]]. The flowers are bisexual with a pair of [[bracteole]]s and a [[bract]] at the base. The flowers have a leathery [[Hypanthium|floral tube]], 5 egg-shaped or triangular sepals, 5 white petals and 15 to 30 stamens in a single [[Whorl (botany)|whorl]] with 6 or 7 stamens opposite the sepals and none opposite the petals. The [[Ovary (botany)|ovary]] is [[Ovary (botany)#Inferior ovary|inferior]] with the [[Style (botany)|style]] in a depression at the top of the ovary, and the fruit is a woody capsule with winged seeds.<ref name="Nuytsia" /><ref name="FB" />
''Agonis'' formerly contained a number of other species, but the genus was recently split, with the majority moved to ''[[Taxandria (plant)|Taxandria]]''.


==Taxonomy==
''Agonis'' generally have fibrous brown bark, dull green leaves and [[inflorescence]]s of small white [[flower]]s. They are most readily identified by the powerful odour of [[peppermint]] emitted when the leaves are crushed or torn.
This genus was first formally described in 1828 by [[Augustin Pyramus de Candolle]] as ''Leptospermum'' sect. ''Agonis'' in his ''[[Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis]]''.<ref name="APNI1" /><ref name="DC.">{{cite book |last1=de Candolle |first1=Augustin P. |title=Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive, Enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarium, juxta methodi naturalis, normas digesta |date=1828 |publisher=Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Würtz |location=Paris |pages=226–227 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7152#page/237/mode/1up |access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref> In 1830, [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Robert Sweet]] raised the genus ''Agonis'' based on de Candolle's section ''Agonis'', in ''Sweet's Hortus Britannicus''.<ref name="APNI" /><ref name="Sw." />


⚫
==Species list==
The following is a list of ''Agonis'' species accepted by [[Plants of the World Online]] as at August 2024:<ref name="POWO" />
⚫
'''Species'''
* ''[[Agonis baxteri]]'' <small>([[Benth.]]) [[Judith Roderick Wheeler|J.R.Wheeler]] & [[Neville Graeme Marchant|N.G.Marchant]]</small>

* ''[[Agonis flexuosa]]'' <small>([[Willd.]]) [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]]</small> - Western Australian peppermint, Swan River peppermint, or willow myrtle
* ''[[Agonis baxteri|A.&nbsp;baxteri]]''
* ''[[Agonis grandiflora]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Agonis flexuosa|A.&nbsp;flexuosa]]'' '''Western Australian Peppermint, Swan River Peppermint, Willow Myrtle''' is the most well-known ''Agonis'', being a common tree in parks and road verges in southern [[Australia]].
** [[Agonis flexuosa var. flexuosa|''A.&nbsp;f.'' var. ''flexuosa'']]
* ''[[Agonis theiformis]]'' <small>[[Schauer]]</small>
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* ''[[Agonis undulata]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
** [[Agonis flexuosa var. latifolia|''A.&nbsp;f.'' var. ''latifolia'']]
* ''[[Agonis theiformis|A.&nbsp;theiformis]]''
* ''[[Agonis undulata|A.&nbsp;undulata]]''

The name ''Agonis'' derives from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''agon'', meaning gathering or collection. In reference to the tightly clustered flowers.

''Agonis'' is the food plant of the [[moth]] ''[[Aenetus|Aenetus dulcis]]''.

As with many Australian natives, when transplanting, great care must be taken when to avoid stressing, straining or jarring the area where the trunk meets the root ball.


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{wikispecies|Agonis}}
<ref name="POWO">{{cite web |title=''Agonis'' |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1007239-2#synonyms |publisher=Plants of the World Online |access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref>
* {{FloraBase | name = Agonis | id = 22478}}
<ref name= "FB">{{FloraBase | name = Agonis | id = 22478}}</ref>
* {{cite book|author=Boland, D. J. ''et al.''|year=1984|title=Forest Trees of Australia (Fourth edition revised and enlarged)|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|location=Collingwood, Victoria, Australia|id=ISBN 0-643-05423-5}}.
<ref name="Nuytsia">{{cite journal |last1=Wheeler |first1=Judith R. |last2=Marchant |first2=Neville G. |title=A revision of the Western Australian genus ''Agonis'' (Myrtaceae) and two new segregate genera ''Taxandria'' and ''Paragonis''. |journal=Nuytsia |date=2007 |volume=16 |issue=2 |page=397 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/313227#page/139/mode/1up |access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref>
* {{cite book|author=Blackall, W. E. and Grieve, B. J.|year=1980|title=How to Know Western Australian Wildflowers, Part 3A | edition=2nd ed.|publisher=University of Western Australia Press|location=Nedlands, Western Australia|id=ISBN 0-85564-160-6}}.
<ref name="APNI1">{{cite web |title=''Leptospermum'' sect. ''Agonis'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/name/apni/78767/api/apni-format |publisher=Australian Plant Name Index |access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref>
* {{cite book|author=Powell, Robert|year=1990|title=Leaf and Branch: Trees and Tall Shrubs of Perth|publisher=Department of Conservation and Land Management|location=Perth, Western Australia|id=ISBN 0-7309-3916-2}}.
<ref name="APNI">{{cite web |title=''Agonis'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/instance/apni/492511 |publisher=Australian Plant Name Index |access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="Sw.">{{cite book |last1=Sweet |first1=Robert |title=Sweet's Hortus britannicus; or, A catalogue of all the plants indigenous or cultivated in the gardens of Great Britain |date=1830 |publisher=James Ridgway |location=London |pages=209–210 |url=https://archive.org/details/sweetshortusbri00sweegoog/page/210/mode/2up |access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref>
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[[Category:Agonis]]
}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q960200}}
{{Myrtaceae-stub}}
{{WesternAustralia-stub}}
{{Australia-plant-stub}}


[[es:Agonis]]
[[Category:Agonis| ]]
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[[Category:Myrtaceae genera]]
[[fr:Agonis]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Southwest Australia]]
[[pt:Agonis]]

Latest revision as of 23:26, 3 August 2024

For the genus of moths with this name, see Agonis (moth).

Agonis
Flowers of Agonis flexuosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Subfamily: Myrtoideae
Tribe: Leptospermeae
Genus: Agonis
(DC.) Sweet[1]
Synonyms[1]

Agonis is a genus of flowering plants in the plant family Myrtaceae. All are endemic to Western Australia, growing near the coast in the south west. Plants in the genus Agonis are shrubs or trees with bisexual flowers arranged in heads in leaf axils with 5 sepals and usually 5 white petals, each with 15 to 30 stamens arranged opposite the sepals, and the fruit a woody capsule.

Description

[edit]

Plants in the genus Agonis are shrubs or trees, the leaves simple with small glands. The flowers are bisexual with a pair of bracteoles and a bract at the base. The flowers have a leathery floral tube, 5 egg-shaped or triangular sepals, 5 white petals and 15 to 30 stamens in a single whorl with 6 or 7 stamens opposite the sepals and none opposite the petals. The ovary is inferior with the style in a depression at the top of the ovary, and the fruit is a woody capsule with winged seeds.[2][3]

Taxonomy

[edit]

This genus was first formally described in 1828 by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle as Leptospermum sect. Agonis in his Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis.[4][5] In 1830, Robert Sweet raised the genus Agonis based on de Candolle's section Agonis, in Sweet's Hortus Britannicus.[6][7]

Species list

[edit]

The following is a list of Agonis species accepted by Plants of the World Online as at August 2024:[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Agonis". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  2. ^ Wheeler, Judith R.; Marchant, Neville G. (2007). "A revision of the Western Australian genus Agonis (Myrtaceae) and two new segregate genera Taxandria and Paragonis". Nuytsia. 16 (2): 397. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Agonis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  4. ^ "Leptospermum sect. Agonis". Australian Plant Name Index. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  5. ^ de Candolle, Augustin P. (1828). Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive, Enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarium, juxta methodi naturalis, normas digesta. Paris: Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. pp. 226–227. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  6. ^ "Agonis". Australian Plant Name Index. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  7. ^ Sweet, Robert (1830). Sweet's Hortus britannicus; or, A catalogue of all the plants indigenous or cultivated in the gardens of Great Britain. London: James Ridgway. pp. 209–210. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
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