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Bonanza Air Lines

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bonanza Air Lines
IATA ICAO Call sign
BL(1)[1] BL(1)[1] -
Founded1945; 79 years ago (1945)
Commenced operations5 August 1946;
78 years ago (1946-08-05)
as a Nevada intrastate airline
19 December 1949;
75 years ago (1949-12-19)
as a local service carrier
Ceased operations1 July 1968;
56 years ago (1968-07-01)
HeadquartersLas Vegas, Nevada (1945–1966)
Phoenix, Arizona (1966–1968)
United States
FounderEdmund Converse
president
Notes
(1) IATA, ICAO codes were the same until the 1980s

Bonanza Air Lines was a local service carrier, a US scheduled airline focused on smaller routes in the Western United States (and eventually Mexico) from 1949 until it merged with two other local service airlines to form Air West in 1968.[2] Its headquarters was initially Las Vegas, Nevada, and moved to Phoenix, Arizona in 1966.[3][4]

The company started as Bonanza Air Service, a charter operator in Las Vegas, before becoming a Nevada intrastate carrier in 1946 operating between Las Vegas and Reno. In 1949 it obtained Federal certification as a local service (or feeder) airline, starting service between Phoenix and Reno the same year. In the 1950s and early 1960s the airline expanded into Arizona, Southern California and Utah, including Phoenix, Los Angeles and Salt Lake City. Until 1978 Bonanza had the only scheduled nonstop flights between Las Vegas and Reno. It became an international airline just before it merged with Pacific Air Lines and West Coast Airlines to form Air West, flying Douglas DC-9s to Mexico from Phoenix and Tucson.

History

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Douglas DC-3, Orange County Airport, circa 1958

Bonanza Air Service began charter operations in 1945 in Las Vegas with a single-engine Cessna.[5] In 1946 it acquired a C-47 from Flying Tiger Line and had it converted to civilian Douglas DC-3 configuration.[6] The airline started intrastate airline service from Las Vegas to Reno on 5 August 1946 as Bonanza Air Lines,[7] initially three times a week, increasing up to daily by 2 September 1947, requiring another DC-3.[8] In 1947 the airline applied to the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) for a certification as a feeder or local service airline. In June 1947, the airline announced a proposed merger with Arizona Airways, then also operating as an intrastate carrier, but within Arizona.[9] However, there is no mention of such a merger in either of the CAB cases that awarded local service certificates to Arizona Airways and Bonanza.[10][11]

In June 1949, the CAB awarded Bonanza a feeder certificate from Reno to Phoenix via intermediate points including Las Vegas. The award was unusual in that it involved the transfer of Las Vegas to Phoenix authority from trunk carrier Transcontinental & Western Air (TWA) to Bonanza.[11] In 1945, Arizona Airways had asked the CAB to approve of a deal by which TWA would sell that route to Arizona Airways for $100,000 and the right to be a 20% owner.[12] The CAB had deferred any decision until it awarded the feeder certification for the state of Arizona.[13] In November 1949, the CAB approved a deal by which Bonanza bought the rights from TWA for $672.09, significantly less than what Arizona Airways had proposed to pay in 1945.[14] Certificated operations began 19 December 1949.[15]

There is no railroad between Las Vegas and Reno, and roads were primitive. Las Vegas and Reno were isolated from each other, with Las Vegas being better connected to Southern California and Reno to Northern California than to each other. Bonanza was credited with bringing the two parts of the state together. It also did a better job of the Vegas to Phoenix route than TWA had done, also credited with building traffic and bringing those two cities together. The founder and first president of Bonanza was Edmund Converse, who also funded much of its development. In July 1952, the airline started service on a new route from Phoenix to Los Angeles via many intermediate points.[5]

Like other local service air carriers, Bonanza was subsidized by the federal government. In 1962 its operating revenues of $11.0 million included $3.2 million "Pub. serv. rev."[16]

In 1959, Bonanza introduced Fairchild F-27s and unsuccessfully applied for routes to Texas.[17] The F-27 was a U.S. built version of the Dutch built Fokker F27 Friendship. The last scheduled DC-3 flight was in late 1960, and Bonanza became the first all-turbine airline in the U.S. Bonanza F-27s flew to Grand Canyon National Park Airport (GCN) in northern Arizona with flights to Las Vegas, Phoenix, Salt Lake City and Tucson.

DC-9-14 Funjet at Las Vegas in 1966

Bonanza ordered three BAC One-Elevens in October 1962; this request was denied by the federal Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), although U.S. authorities allowed American Airlines, Braniff International Airways, Aloha Airlines and Mohawk Airlines to purchase the same aircraft.[18][19] An order was then placed for the U.S. built equivalent, the Douglas DC-9 series 10. Deliveries of the DC-9 began in late 1965 and flights commenced on March 1, 1966. The DC-9s, dubbed Funjets,[20] flew the following routes in the first year: Las Vegas—Reno, Las Vegas—Los Angeles, Reno—Los Angeles, Salt Lake City—Phoenix, and Reno—Las Vegas—Phoenix.[21] The headquarters moved to Phoenix during 1966.[22][23]

Bonanza's April 28, 1968, timetable listed DC-9 jet service on the following routes:[24]

  • Las Vegas - Los Angeles
  • Las Vegas - Phoenix
  • Las Vegas - Orange County Airport (now John Wayne Airport)
  • Las Vegas - Reno
  • Las Vegas - Tucson
  • Los Angeles - Las Vegas - Reno
  • Los Angeles - Tucson - Phoenix
  • Los Angeles - San Diego - Tucson
  • Phoenix - Las Vegas - Reno
  • Phoenix - Orange County Airport
  • Phoenix - Tucson - La Paz - Mazatlan - Puerto Vallarta
  • Salt Lake City - Phoenix - Tucson
  • Reno - Las Vegas - Phoenix - Tucson

With Civil Aeronautics Board approval on April 17, 1968[25] Bonanza Air Lines merged with Pacific Air Lines and West Coast Airlines to form Air West on July 1. Bonanza's DC-9-10s and F-27As joined the new Air West fleet.

A McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 (construction number 47246/registration N9333) was ordered by Bonanza but was delivered to Air West after the merger. It flew with Bonanza's successors until about 2009.[26]

Destinations in 1968

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The Bonanza route map in their April 28, 1968 timetable lists the following destinations.[27] Cities in bold were served with DC-9 jets and F-27 turboprops or only by DC-9s while other destinations were served only by F-27s:

Guaymas, Mexico (GYM) is shown on this map; however, Bonanza was not serving Guaymas at this time although it had the authority to do so. Earlier in 1968, the airline served Apple Valley, California (APV) with F-27s.[28]

Fleet

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Fairchild F-27A, circa 1964

Bonanza Air Lines operated the following aircraft:[29]

Aircraft Total Introduced Retired Notes
Cessna T-50 2 1945 Un­known
Douglas C-47 Skytrain 10 1949 1963
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-10 7 1965 1968
Fairchild F-27A 17 1959 1968
Grumman Gulfstream I 1 Un­known Un­known

Legacy

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Incidents and accidents

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The airline's only fatal incident was on November 15, 1964, when Bonanza Air Lines Flight 114, flying from Phoenix, Arizona to Las Vegas, Nevada, crashed into a mountain south of Las Vegas during poor weather. There were no survivors among the 26 passengers and three crew on board the F-27.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Airport Activity Statistics of Certificated Route Carriers (Report). Air Transport Association of America. 31 December 1959. p. iv.
  2. ^ "AirTimes.com - Bonanza April 1968 timetable image". Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  3. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. April 13, 1967. 561.
  4. ^ Lehman, William. "Part VII - America West." US Airways. Retrieved on February 18, 2010.
  5. ^ a b "Bonanza Strikes Gold on Coast". Aviation Week. 57 (15): 92–96. 13 October 1952. ISSN 0005-2175.
  6. ^ Six Airplanes Converted By Local Company, Shawnee (OK) News-Star, 6 July 1946
  7. ^ Trip To Las Vegas On New Airline Gives Patrons Fine View Of Nevada, Nevada State Journal, 11 August 1946
  8. ^ 7-Day Week Set By Bonanza, Nevada-State Journal, 27 August 1947
  9. ^ Bonanza Airline Merger Pending, Reno Gazette-Journal, 9 June 1947
  10. ^ "Arizona-New Mexico Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 9. Civil Aeronautics Board: 85–130. January–December 1948. hdl:2027/osu.32437011657638.
  11. ^ a b "Additional California-Nevada Service". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 10. Civil Aeronautics Board: 405–454. January–November 1949. hdl:2027/osu.32437011657588.
  12. ^ New State Air Line Planned, Arizona Republic, 15 November 1945
  13. ^ "Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc.,—Arizona Airways, Inc., Route No. 38 Transfer". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 7. Civil Aeronautics Board: 787–791. July 1946 – March 1947. hdl:2027/osu.32437011657737..
  14. ^ "Bonanza Air Lines, Inc.-Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc., Route Authorization Transfer". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 10. Civil Aeronautics Board: 893–900. January–November 1949. hdl:2027/osu.32437011657588.
  15. ^ "Bonanza Air Lines, Inc., Mail Rates". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 15. Civil Aeronautics Board: 377–392. January–June 1952. hdl:2027/osu.32435022360598.
  16. ^ Moody's Transportation Manual 1964
  17. ^ "timetableimages.com - Bonanza Airlines January 1959 timetable image". Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  18. ^ Airlift April 1963: Mohawk "does not need CAB approval because it will handle its own financing without a guaranteed loan."
  19. ^ "1963 | 1256 | Flight Archive". Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  20. ^ "AirTimes.com - Bonanza March 1967 timetable image". Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  21. ^ Official Airline Guides (1968). Official Airline Guide, North American Timetable Edition. Robert Parrish.
  22. ^ "Bonanza Airlines". 2007-01-15. Retrieved 2008-05-13.
  23. ^ "Birth of Bonanza Airlines". Retrieved 2008-05-13.
  24. ^ http://www.timetableimages.com, April 28, 1968 Bonanza timetable
  25. ^ "Bonanza Air Lines' history". Bonanzaairlines.com. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  26. ^ "photo of DC-9-31 N9333". Airliners.net. 2009-05-02. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  27. ^ http://www.timetableimages.com, April 28, 1968 Bonanza route map
  28. ^ http://www.departedflights.com, Feb. 1, 1968 Bonanza route map
  29. ^ "Bonanza Airlines". Aerobernie.bplaced.net. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
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