Donald Cleland
Sir Donald Cleland | |
|---|---|
 Captain Donald Cleland in December 1939 | |
| Administrator of Papua and New Guinea | |
| In office 1952–1966 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Prime Minister | Sir Robert Menzies (1952–66) Harold Holt (1966) |
| Preceded by | Jack Murray |
| Succeeded by | David Hay |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 June 1901 Coolgardie, Western Australia |
| Died | 27 August 1975 (aged 74) Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea |
| Civilian awards | Knight Bachelor |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Australia |
| Branch/service | Australian Army |
| Years of service | 1919–1928 1939–1945 |
| Rank | Brigadier |
| Battles/wars | Second World War |
| Military awards | Commander of the Order of the British Empire Mentioned in Despatches (2) |
Brigadier Sir Donald Mackinnon Cleland, CBE (28 June 1901 – 27 August 1975) was an Australian soldier and administrator.
Early years
[edit]Born on 28 June 1901 at Coolgardie, Western Australia, eldest son of Adelaide-born Elphinstone Davenport Cleland, mine-manager, and his second wife Anne Emily, née Mackinnon, from Scotland.[1] On 18 December 1928 he married Rachel Evans at St George's Cathedral, Perth, Western Australia. Energetic, with broad interests and deft social skills, Rachel complemented his dour, sometimes gruff, manner, and eased contact with diverse people. She was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1981.[1]
Political candidacy
[edit]Cleland stood for the Legislative Assembly seat of Claremont at the 1933 and 1936 state elections, on both occasions with the endorsement of the Nationalist Party. His chief opponent on both occasions was Charles North, the sitting Nationalist member since 1924 and a future Speaker. The margin between Cleland and North was 378 votes in 1933 and 79 votes in 1936 – Cleland polled 49.05% of the vote on the latter occasion.[2]
Military career
[edit]For his work as deputy assistant quartermaster general, I Corps, during the campaigns in Libya, Greece and Syria in 1941, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (1942) and mentioned in despatches.[1] In October 1942 he was promoted temporary brigadier.[1] Again mentioned in despatches, Cleland was elevated to Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1945.[1]
Administrative career in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea
[edit]Cleland became administrator, succeeding Jack Keith Murray and chaired the Legislative Council of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea (which became Papua New Guinea) from 1953 until 1964[3] and directed the introduction of the first House of Assembly elected by full adult franchise; he restructured the public service so that it would be dominated by Papua New Guineans, paid at a rate the country could afford; and he continued the elimination of discriminatory legislation, most obviously ending the liquor ban in 1962.[1] He was knighted in 1961 and retired in 1967.[1]
Retirement
[edit]In retirement Cleland lived in Port Moresby, the only administrator of either territory to choose to stay there. He was pro-chancellor and chancellor (from 1971) of the University of Papua New Guinea, and chancellor (from 1967) of the Anglican diocese of Papua New Guinea. Sir Donald died on 27 August 1975 in Port Moresby.[4] Accorded a state funeral,[4] he was buried in the cemetery at Bomana. He was survived by his wife, Lady Rachel (née Evans), and their two sons.[1] Rachel continued living in their house on Lawes Road in Port Moresby.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h H. N. Nelson, 'Cleland, Sir Donald Mackinnon (1901–1975)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 13, Melbourne University Press, 1993, pp 440–441.
- ^ Black, David; Prescott, Valerie (1997). Election statistics, Legislative Assembly of Western Australia, 1890–1996. Perth: Parliamentary History Project. p. 58. ISBN 0-7309-8409-5.
- ^ "Leading Papua New Guinea towards independence A task discharged with distinction and honour". Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 - 1995). 29 November 1981. p. 2. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
- ^ a b Sir Donald Cleland Pacific Islands Monthly, October 1975, pp93–94
External links
[edit]
- Cleland, Donald Mackinnon, Brigadier (1901–1975), www.generals.dk
- 1901 births
- 1975 deaths
- 20th-century Australian politicians
- Administrators of Papua and New Guinea
- Australian brigadiers
- Australian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
- Australian emigrants to Papua New Guinea
- Australian Knights Bachelor
- Australian Army personnel of World War II
- Nationalist Party (Australia) politicians
- People from Coolgardie, Western Australia
- Members of the Legislative Council of Papua and New Guinea
- Military personnel from Western Australia