Elaphomyces

Elaphomyces
	Elaphomyces muricatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Eurotiomycetes
Order:	Eurotiales
Family:	Elaphomycetaceae
Genus:	Elaphomyces; Nees (1820)
Type species
	Elaphomyces granulatus; Fr. (1829)
Species
	25, see text
Synonyms
	Hypogaeum Pers. (1797); Phymatium Chevall. (1826); Ceraunium Wallr. (1833); Ceratogaster Corda (1841); Lycoperdastrum Haller ex Kuntze (1891); Ascoscleroderma Clémencet (1932);

Elaphomyces (‘deer truffles’) is a genus of hypogeous fungi in the family Elaphomycetaceae. The widespread genus contains 25 truffle-like species.^[2] Elaphomyces is one of the most important ectomycorrhizal fungal genera in temperate and subarctic forest ecosystems.^[3] E. asperulus, E. granulatus, and E. muricatus were found to accumulate arsenic (12–660 mg/kg in dry mass); the composition of organoarsenicals is very unusual, with methylarsonic acid and trimethylarsine oxide as major As compounds.^[4]

Species

Elaphomyces aculeatus
Elaphomyces anthracinus
Elaphomyces citrinus
Elaphomyces compleximurus^[5]
Elaphomyces cyanosporus
Elaphomyces digitatus^[5]
Elaphomyces granulatus, known as deer balls, hart's balls, hart's truffles, or lycoperdon nuts (cf. Lycoperdon)^[6]
Elaphomyces japonicus
Elaphomyces leucosporus
Elaphomyces leveillei
Elaphomyces morettii
Elaphomyces muricatus
Elaphomyces officinalis
Elaphomyces viridiseptum

References

^ "Elaphomyces Nees 1820". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 228. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
^ Paz, A.; Bellanger, J.-M.; Lavoise, C.; Molia, A.; Ławrynowicz, M.; Larsson, E.; Ibarguren, I.O.; Jeppson, M.; Læssøe, T. (2017-06-30). "The genus Elaphomyces (Ascomycota, Eurotiales): a ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny and revised systematics of European 'deer truffles'". Persoonia. 38 (1): 197–239. doi:10.3767/003158517x697309. PMC 5645184. PMID 29151633.
^ Braeuer, Simone; Borovička, Jan; Goessler, Walter (2018-02-12). "A unique arsenic speciation profile in Elaphomyces spp. ("deer truffles")—trimethylarsine oxide and methylarsonous acid as significant arsenic compounds". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 410 (9): 2283–2290. doi:10.1007/s00216-018-0903-3. ISSN 1618-2642. PMC 5849658. PMID 29430602.
^ ^a ^b Castellano MA, Henkel TW, Miller SL, Smith ME, Aime MC (2012). "New Elaphomyces species (Elaphomycetaceae, Eurotiales, Ascomycota) from Guyana". Mycologia. 104 (5): 1244–9. doi:10.3852/12-061. PMID 22505430.
^ Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. deer, hart, lycoperdon

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[urlMycoBank:_Elaphomyces-1] "Elaphomyces Nees 1820". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

[Kirk_2008-2] Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 228. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.

[3] Paz, A.; Bellanger, J.-M.; Lavoise, C.; Molia, A.; Ławrynowicz, M.; Larsson, E.; Ibarguren, I.O.; Jeppson, M.; Læssøe, T. (2017-06-30). "The genus Elaphomyces (Ascomycota, Eurotiales): a ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny and revised systematics of European 'deer truffles'". Persoonia. 38 (1): 197–239. doi:10.3767/003158517x697309. PMC 5645184. PMID 29151633.

[4] Braeuer, Simone; Borovička, Jan; Goessler, Walter (2018-02-12). "A unique arsenic speciation profile in Elaphomyces spp. ("deer truffles")—trimethylarsine oxide and methylarsonous acid as significant arsenic compounds". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 410 (9): 2283–2290. doi:10.1007/s00216-018-0903-3. ISSN 1618-2642. PMC 5849658. PMID 29430602.

[Castellano_2012-5] Castellano MA, Henkel TW, Miller SL, Smith ME, Aime MC (2012). "New Elaphomyces species (Elaphomycetaceae, Eurotiales, Ascomycota) from Guyana". Mycologia. 104 (5): 1244–9. doi:10.3852/12-061. PMID 22505430.

[6] Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. deer, hart, lycoperdon

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