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Emblem of Mongolia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

State Emblem of Mongolia
ArmigerMongolia
Adopted12 February 1992
CrestThe Three Jewels gules, vert, and azure
ShieldAzure, a Wind Horse courant contourny or, in base a mountain range vert and a Wheel of Dharma or

The national emblem of Mongolia[1][2][3][4][5][a] is used by the government of Mongolia as one of its three state symbols—the others being the flag and anthem. It is officially used for example on documents such as Mongolian passports, and government and embassy placards.

Description

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The state emblem was adopted on 13 January 1992, when the new constitution came into force. The details of it are laid out in Chapter 1, Article 12(3) of the Constitution of Mongolia.[1][5]

The outer rim features a tumen nasan, symbolizing eternity, surrounding a circular blue field, symbolizing the sky. On the centre of the field is a combination of the Soyombo symbol and the wind horse (treasured steed), symbolizing Mongolia's independence, sovereignty, and spirit. Sun, moon and fire symbols derived from the Xiongnu. Above the field is a Cintamani (Чандмань), representing the Buddhist Three Jewels, which in Mongolian folklore grants wishes. Below the central emblem is a green mountain range, with the Wheel of Dharma (Хүрд) at the center. On the bottom of the mountain range and wheel is a khadag (Хадаг), a ceremonial scarf.[1]


History

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From 1960 to 1991, the Mongolian People's Republic used an emblem with a very similar shape, but with several differing elements. Instead of the Wind Horse, a horseman on a normal horse is shown. In the background, the sun rises above mountains. The Buddhist symbols are replaced by symbols of Socialism. A gearwheel stands for industrialization, sheaves around the perimeter stand for the farming class, and the top featured a red star with the socialist version of the Soyombo. Along the bottom, a blue-red ribbon is placed in front of the gearwheel, with the letters БНМАУ, the abbreviation for Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс ('Mongolian People's Republic').

Before 1961, the emblem did not bear most of the socialist symbols. The horseman carried a long lasso pole and the heads of four types of herd animals were shown on the sides. A red ribbon at the bottom bore the name of the country in the traditional Mongolian alphabet between 1940 and 1949[6] with the Cyrillic abbreviation after that.

  • Soyombo of the Bogd Khaanate (1911–1924)
    Soyombo of the Bogd Khaanate (1911–1924)
  • State emblem of Mongolian People's Republic (1924–1940)[7]
    State emblem of Mongolian People's Republic (1924–1940)[7]
  • State emblem of Mongolian People's Republic (30 June 1940 – 12 September 1949)[8]
    State emblem of Mongolian People's Republic
    (30 June 1940 – 12 September 1949)[8]
  • State emblem of Mongolian People's Republic (12 September 1949 – 6 July 1960)
    State emblem of Mongolian People's Republic
    (12 September 1949 – 6 July 1960)
  • State emblem of the People's Republic of Mongolia (6 July 1960 – 12 February 1992)
    State emblem of the People's Republic of Mongolia
    (6 July 1960 – 12 February 1992)

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Historical coats of arms of Mongolia.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to State emblem of Mongolia.

Notes

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  1. ^ Mongolian: Монгол Улсын төрийн сүлд, romanized: Mongol Ulsiin töriin süld, IPA: [ˈmɔɴɢɞɮ ʊɬˈsʲiːɴ tʰɵˈriːɴ suɬt]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Chapter 1, Article 12(2)", Constitution of Mongolia, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Mongolia, archived from the original on July 22, 2011, retrieved October 10, 2010
  2. ^ "Chapter 1, Article 12(2)", Constitution of Mongolia, Embassy of Mongolia in the United States of America, archived from the original on September 26, 2010, retrieved October 21, 2010
  3. ^ "Chapter 1, Article 12(2)", Constitution of Mongolia, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, archived from the original on October 16, 2012, retrieved October 21, 2010
  4. ^ "Chapter 1, Article 12(2)", The Constitution of Mongolia, New York University School of Law, archived from the original on August 15, 2010, retrieved October 21, 2010
  5. ^ a b "Chapter 1, Article 12(2)", Mongolia - Constitution, Universität Bern, retrieved October 10, 2010
  6. ^ "Бүгд найрамдах монгол ард улсын үндсэн хууль 1940 он". 24 February 2015.
  7. ^ "Төрийн сүлд | Мэдээллийн дэлгэрэнгүй | Parliament".
  8. ^ "Бүгд найрамдах монгол ард улсын үндсэн хууль 1940 он". 24 February 2015.
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