Hook nail
| Hook nail | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Hook nail deformity |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Hook nail is a bowing of the nail bed due to a lack of support from the short bony phalanx (fingertip).[1]: 660
Signs and symptoms
[edit]The nail plate has volar concavity and a longitudinal hypercurvature. The patient may report discomfort, aesthetic impairment, and functional disability.[2]
Causes
[edit]Hook nail is caused by trauma to the hyponychium.[2] Hook nail is often seen after a fingertip amputation.[3]
Prevention
[edit]Some publications propose shortening the nail bed to the end of the bony support if it continues past the limit of the severed distal phalanx in order to prevent deformity.[4] Treatments intended to preserve length, such as replantation or flap reconstruction, should be used if the damage to the bone and soft tissue beneath the nail bed is too great.[5][6]
Treatment
[edit]Surgical options for hook-nail deformity include nail excision or finger shortening; alternatively, soft tissue reconstruction, bone grafting, nail recession, or partial toe transfer may be used to try to add some support to the nail bed.[3]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.
- ^ a b Silva Junior, Francisco Milton da; Oliveira, Marcelo Tavares; Angelini, Luiz Carlos; Chung, Wu Tu (2021). "Treatment of hook nails using the Bakhach's technique: a retrospective study". Surgical & Cosmetic Dermatology. 13. doi:10.5935/scd1984-8773.2021130039. ISSN 1984-8773.
- ^ a b Poumellec, Marie-Anne; Camuzard, Olivier; Dumontier, Christian (2024). "Hook nail deformity". Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation. Elsevier BV: 101649. doi:10.1016/j.hansur.2024.101649. ISSN 2468-1229. PMID 38280632.
- ^ Kumar, V.P.; Satku, K. (1993). "Treatment and prevention of "hook nail" deformity with anatomic correlation". The Journal of Hand Surgery. 18 (4). Elsevier BV: 617–620. doi:10.1016/0363-5023(93)90303-k. ISSN 0363-5023. PMID 8349967.
- ^ Pandya, Ankur N.; Giele, Henk Peter (2001). "Prevention of the Parrot Beak Deformity in Fingertip Injuries". Hand Surgery. 06 (2): 163–166. doi:10.1142/S0218810401000631. ISSN 0218-8104.
- ^ Netscher, David T.; Meade, Ricardo A. (1999). "Reconstruction of Fingertip Amputations with Full-Thickness Perionychial Grafts from the Retained Part and Local Flaps". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 104 (6). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 1705–1712. doi:10.1097/00006534-199911000-00014. ISSN 0032-1052.
Further reading
[edit]- Dumontier, C.; Gilbert, A.; Tubiana, R. (1995). "Hook-Nail Deformity: Surgical treatment with a homodigital advancement flap". Journal of Hand Surgery. 20 (6): 830–835. doi:10.1016/S0266-7681(95)80057-3. ISSN 0266-7681. PMID 8770751.
- Strick, M. J.; Bremner-Smith, A. T.; Tonkin, M. A. (2004). "Antenna Procedure for the Correction of Hook Nail Deformity". Journal of Hand Surgery. 29 (1): 3–7. doi:10.1016/j.jhsb.2003.08.007. ISSN 0266-7681. PMID 14734059.