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Marcy Kaptur

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Marcy Kaptur
Kaptur in 2018
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Ohio's 9th district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 1983
Preceded byEd Weber
Personal details
Born
Marcia Carolyn Kaptur

(1946-06-17) June 17, 1946 (age 78)
Toledo, Ohio, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
EducationUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison (BA)
University of Michigan (MUP)
WebsiteHouse website
Marcy Kaptur's voice
Marcy Kaptur speaks in support of Ukraine following Russia's annexation of Crimea
Recorded September 17, 2014

Marcia Carolyn Kaptur (/ˈkæptər/ KAP-tər; born June 17, 1946) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative from Ohio's 9th congressional district. Now elected into her 22nd term, she has been a member of Congress since 1983.

A member of the Democratic Party, Kaptur is the longest-serving woman in congressional history (having surpassed Barbara Mikulski in 2023)[1] and the dean of Ohio's congressional delegation.

Early life and education

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Kaptur was born on June 17, 1946, in Toledo, Ohio, the daughter of Anastasia Delores (Rogowski) and Stephen Jacob Kaptur.[2][3] Her parents were both of Polish descent. Her mother was an automobile union organizer and her family operated a small grocery. Kaptur started volunteering with the Ohio Democratic Party when she was 13.[4]

Kaptur graduated from St. Ursula Academy in 1964 and became the first person in her family to attend college.[5][6] She received her undergraduate degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1968 and a Master of Urban Planning from the University of Michigan in 1974.[7] She began doctoral studies in urban planning development finance at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1981.[8]

Early career

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Kaptur served on the Toledo-Lucas County Plan Commissions from 1969 to 1975. She was director of planning for the National Center for Urban Ethnic Affairs from 1975 to 1977, founded by Geno Baroni. She later served as a domestic policy advisor during President Jimmy Carter's administration.[9]

U.S. House of Representatives

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Elections

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While at MIT, Kaptur was recruited to run for Congress in 1982 against freshman Republican Ed Weber, who had upset 26-year incumbent Lud Ashley two years earlier.[10] Despite being outspent by almost 3–1, she defeated Weber 58–39%.[11][12]

Portrait of Kaptur from the 1985 Congressional Pictorial Directory

In 1984, Kaptur faced a strong challenge from Republican Frank Venner, longtime anchorman and weatherman at WTVG, but defeated him 55–44%,[13] even as Ronald Reagan carried the district. From 1986 to 2002, she won every election with at least 74% of the vote.[14] Since 2016 Kaptur has faced increasingly strong challengers with her winning 56.6% of the vote against challenger J.R. Majewski in 2022.[14]

2006

[edit]
See also: 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur won her 13th term with 74% of the vote.[15]

2008

[edit]
See also: 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur won her 14th term with 74% of the vote.[16]

2010

[edit]
See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio, 2010 § District 9

Shortly after achieving fame during the 2008 election, conservative figure Samuel "Joe the Plumber" Wurzelbacher announced that he was considering challenging Kaptur in the 2010 election,[17][18][19] but chose not to run. Kaptur was instead challenged by Republican Rich Iott, a Tea Party movement favorite. She was reelected to a 15th term with 59% of the vote,[20] her closest victory since 1984.

2012

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See also: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9
Ohio's 9th district, as configured from 2013 to 2023

For her first three decades in Congress, Kaptur represented a compact district centered around Toledo. Redistricting after the 2010 census extended the 9th district to western Cleveland. The new map put the home of incumbent 10th district congressman Dennis Kucinich into the 9th, so they ran against each other in the Democratic primary. Graham Veysey, a small-business owner from Cleveland, also ran in the primary. Retaining over 60% of her former territory, Kaptur won the primary with 56% of the vote to Kucinich's 40%.[21][22] In the general election, she won a 16th term against Wurzelbacher and Libertarian Sean Stipe.[23] The reconfigured 9th was no less Democratic than its predecessor, and Kaptur had effectively clinched reelection by defeating Kucinich in the primary.

2014

[edit]
See also: 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur's 2014 opponent was Richard May, a longtime Republican activist from west Cleveland, who beat Lakewood resident Robert C. Horrocks Jr. in the May 6 primary.[24] Kaptur won 68–32%.

2016

[edit]
See also: 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur's 2016 opponent was Donald Larson, who defeated Steven Kraus and Joel Lieske in the Republican primary on March 15. Kaptur won 68–31%.

2020

[edit]
See also: 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur's 2020 opponent was Rob Weber, who defeated Charles W. Barrett, Tim Connors, and Timothy P. Corrigan in the Republican primary on March 17. Kaptur won 63–37%.

2022

[edit]
See also: 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur was seemingly placed in a vulnerable position when redistricting shifted her district to the west in order to take in territory previously in the neighboring heavily Republican 5th district. While Joe Biden carried the old 9th with 59% of the vote, the new 9th would have voted for Donald Trump with 51% of the vote. Despite this, Kaptur easily defeated Republican nominee J.R. Majewski, 56.6% to 43.4%.[25]

2024

[edit]
See also: 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio § District 9

Kaptur won an extremely close race against Derek Merrin, who had been endorsed by Donald Trump.[26] At 48.3% to Merrin's 47.6%, this was the first race in which Kaptur did not receive a majority of the votes cast.

Tenure

[edit]

In 1996, Ross Perot asked Kaptur to be his vice-presidential running mate. She declined.[27]

In 2016, Kaptur endorsed Senator Bernie Sanders in the Democratic presidential primary, and introduced him at a rally in Toledo.[28] In October, she endorsed the nominee, Hillary Clinton, who had won Ohio and her district in the primary, at a rally in Toledo.[citation needed]

World War II memorial

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The World War II Memorial in Washington, D.C.

In 1987, Kaptur introduced the World War II Memorial Act in the House.[29] The bill authorized the American Battle Monuments Commission to establish a World War II memorial. It was not voted on before the end of the session and so failed to be enacted. Kaptur introduced similar legislation twice in 1989 but these bills also failed to become law.[30]

Kaptur introduced legislation for the fourth time in 1993. This time the legislation was voted on and passed in the House. After a companion bill was passed in the United States Senate, President Bill Clinton signed the bill into law.[31]

Kaptur later said that she felt "a great sense of fulfillment" that the memorial was built. "This generation was the most unselfish America has ever seen," she said. "They never asked anybody for anything in return."[32]

2008 economic crisis

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Kaptur opposed the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which provided a bailout for U.S. banks.[33] Her opposition to the bailout was highlighted in Michael Moore's 2009 documentary Capitalism: A Love Story.[34]

In 2011, Kaptur introduced H.R. 1489 to restore the Glass–Steagall Act, "To repeal certain provisions of the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act and revive the separation between commercial banking and the securities business, in the manner provided in the Banking Act of 1933, the so-called 'Glass–Steagall Act', and for other purposes." There were 30 co-sponsors.[35]

Committee assignments

[edit]
Kaptur sits on the Committee on Appropriations while listening and discussing priorities for the U.S. Armed Forces in 2025

Caucus memberships

[edit]

Political positions

[edit]

Free trade

[edit]

Kaptur opposes free trade agreements. She helped lead opposition to the North American Free Trade Agreement, permanent normal trade relations for the People's Republic of China, and fast track authority for the president.[citation needed]

Patent reform

[edit]

Kaptur opposed the America Invents Act that passed into law and changed the U.S. Patent System. She opposed changing from a "first to invent system" to a "first to file system", saying it hurt small businesses[38] and "Our patent system is the finest in the world... the proposed solutions are special fixes that benefit these few giants at the expense of everyone else."[39]

Kaptur co-sponsored the Restoring America's Leadership in Innovation Act. In order to strengthen inventors' property rights, the bill would remove the administrative review process that allows the public to challenge patent filings' validity; the process exists to prevent misuse of the patent system.[40]

Gun control

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Kaptur voted for H.R. 1808: Assault Weapons Ban of 2022.[41][42] The legislation would ban semiautomatic rifles, including AR-15s, the most popular rifles in the U.S.[43]

Foreign affairs

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Kaptur co-chairs the Ukrainian Caucus. She has been a vocal supporter of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Kaptur has said Ukraine "voted for her own independence and has been laboring to be free with continued Russian meddling in her country all these decades."[44] Kaptur signed a letter in 2023 advocating for President Biden to give F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine.[45]

Kaptur voted in 2023 against H.Con.Res. 21, which directed President Joe Biden to remove U.S. troops from Syria within 180 days.[46][47]

Immigration reform

[edit]

Kaptur was one of 38 Democrats to vote against the DREAM Act in 2010. It passed the House but failed in the Senate.[48] She voted for the DREAM Act in 2021.[49]

Kaptur voted against the Equal Representation Act in 2024. This proposed law would have required that when counting the population of each state to determine the number of U.S. Representatives, noncitizens who are ineligible to vote would be excluded from the count.[50]

Abortion

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Kaptur holds a 95% rating from NARAL. She supported Roe v. Wade, calling it "the law of the land". She has voted for some proposals to restrict access to abortion and opposed others. In 2007, she was the only member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus to vote against federally funded embryonic stem-cell research.[51] Kaptur voted for the Stupak-Pitts Amendment, an amendment to America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009.[52] She was one of only 16 Democrats to vote for the No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion Act on May 4, 2011.[53] Kaptur also voted to ban partial-birth abortions in 2000 and 2003.[54][55] She voted against the Child Custody Protection Act in 1999 and the Child Interstate Abortion Notification Act in 2005.[56][57] Kaptur voted against allowing privately funded abortions at overseas military hospitals twice in 1995, as well as in 1997, 1998 and 1999.[58][59][60][61][62] In 2005, Kaptur voted to lift the ban on abortions at overseas military hospitals.[63]

In 2023, Kaptur voted against the Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act, which would have criminalized failing to provide care for an infant born alive after an abortion attempt.[64]

Personal life

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Kaptur is a Roman Catholic.[65][66] In her letter to NETWORK Lobby, she wrote: "The Roman Catholic faith is a central pillar of my being, particularly as an American of Polish heritage".[66] She describes her Catholicism as an element of her Polish heritage, stating that the Catholic Church gave her "ancestors worth and hope—during times of bondage, repression, punishment, war, illness, and harrowing economic downturns".[66] Kaptur also expressed her admiration for Catholic social teaching, especially the option for the poor. In 2010, Kaptur withheld her vote on Affordable Care Act until being assured that it would not fund abortion.[67]

Because she mixes political Catholicism with her progressive persona, The Washington Post described her as "an economic populist from America’s heartland with progressive values and a conservative disposition".[67]

Electoral history

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US House election, 1982: Ohio District 9[68]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur 95,162 57.95% +18.14
Republican Ed Weber (incumbent) 64,459 39.25% −16.96
Independent Susan Skinner 1,785 1.09% N/A
Independent James Somers 1,594 0.97% N/A
Libertarian David Muir 1,217 0.27% N/A
Total votes 164,217 100%
Democratic gain from Republican
US House election, 1984: Ohio District 9[69]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 117,985 54.90% −3.05
Republican Frank Venner 93,210 43.37% +4.12
Write-in 3,714 1.73% N/A
Total votes 214,909 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1986: Ohio District 9[70]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 105,646 77.52% +22.62
Republican Mike Shufeldt 30,643 22.48% −20.89
Total votes 136,289 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1988: Ohio District 9[71]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 157,557 81.29% +3.77
Republican Al Hawkins 36,183 18.67% −3.81
Write-in 72 0.04% N/A
Total votes 193,812 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1990: Ohio District 9[72]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 117,681 77.69% −3.60
Republican Jerry Lammers 33,791 22.31% +3.64
Total votes 151,472 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1992: Ohio District 9[73]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 178,879 73.58% −4.11
Republican Ken Brown 53,011 21.81% −0.50
Independent Edward Howard 11,162 4.59% N/A
Write-in 50 0.02% N/A
Total votes 243,102 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1994: Ohio District 9[74]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 118,120 75.34% +1.76
Republican Randy Whitman 38,665 24.66% +2.85
Total votes 156,785 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1996: Ohio District 9[75]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 170,617 77.08% +1.74
Republican Randy Whitman 46,040 20.80% −3.86
Natural Law Elizabeth Slotnick 4,677 2.11% N/A
Total votes 221,334 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 1998: Ohio District 9[76]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 130,793 81.18% +4.10
Republican Ed Emery 30,312 18.12% −2.68
Total votes 161,105 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2000: Ohio District 9[77]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 168,547 74.80% −6.38
Republican Dwight Bryan 49,446 21.94% +3.82
Libertarian Galen Fries 4,239 1.88% N/A
Natural Law Dennis Slotnick 3,096 1.37% N/A
Total votes 225,328 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2002: Ohio District 9[78]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 132,236 73.99% −0.81
Republican Ed Emery 46,481 26.01% +4.07
Total votes 178,717 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2004: Ohio District 9[79]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 205,149 68.13% −5.86
Republican Larry Kaczala 95,983 31.87% +5.86
Total votes 301,132 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2006: Ohio District 9[80]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 153,880 73.63% +5.50
Republican Bradley Leavitt 55,119 26.37% −5.50
Total votes 208,999 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2008: Ohio District 9[81]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 222,054 74.37% +0.74
Republican Bradley Leavitt 76,512 25.63% −0.74
Total votes 298,566 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2010: Ohio District 9[82]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 121,819 59.35% −15.02
Republican Rich Iott 83,423 40.65% +15.02
Total votes 205,242 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2012: Ohio District 9[83][84]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 42,902 56.18%
Democratic Dennis Kucinich (incumbent) 30,564 40.02%
Democratic Graham Vesysey 2,900 3.80%
Total votes 76,366 100
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 217,775 73.04% +13.69
Republican Samuel Wurzelbacher 68,666 23.03% −17.62
Libertarian Sean Stipe 11,725 3.93% N/A
Total votes 298,166 100
Democratic hold
US House election, 2014: Ohio District 9[85]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 108,870 67.74% −5.30
Republican Richard May 51,704 32.17% +9.14
Write-in 141 0.09% N/A
Total votes 160,715 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2016: Ohio District 9[86]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 193,966 68.69% +0.95
Republican Donald Larson 88,427 31.31% −0.86
Write-in 5 0.00% N/A
Total votes 282,398 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2018: Ohio District 9[87]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 157,219 67.79% −0.90
Republican Steve Kraus 74,670 32.19% +0.88
Write-in 48 0.02% N/A
Total votes 231,937 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2020: Ohio District 9[88]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 190,328 63.07% −4.72
Republican Rob Weber 111,385 36.91% +4.72
Write-in 39 0.01% N/A
Total votes 301,752 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2022: Ohio District 9[89]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 150,655 56.63% −6.44
Republican J.R. Majewski 115,362 43.37% +6.46
Total votes 266,017 100%
Democratic hold
US House election, 2024: Ohio District 9[90]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) 181,098 48.27% −8.36
Republican Derek Merrin 178,716 47.63% +4.26
Libertarian Tom Pruss 15,381 4.10% N/A
Total votes 375,195 100%
Democratic hold

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Susan Davis (2016-03-18). "Marcy Kaptur, Ohio Democrat, Becomes Longest-Serving Woman In The House". NPR. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
  2. ^ "The Online Office of Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur". Kaptur.house.gov. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  3. ^ Dolling, Yolanda; Cooper, Polly; Dolling, Eric (1991). Who's Who of Women in World Politics. Bowker-Saur. ISBN 9780862916275. Retrieved 2012-08-30 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ Foerstel, Karen (1999). "Marcy Kaptur". Biographical Dictionary of Congressional Women. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 141. ISBN 0-313-30290-1.
  5. ^ "About Marcy". U.S. Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur Representing the 9th District of Ohio. 3 December 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
  6. ^ "KAPTUR, Marcia Carolyn (Marcy), (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
  7. ^ Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning. "Lecture: Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur, An Urban Planner in Congress". Archived from the original on 2011-09-03. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
  8. ^ Schenken, Suzanne O'Dea (1999). "Kaptur, Marcia (Marcy) Carolyn (b. 1946)". From Suffrage to the Senate: An Encyclopedia of American Women in Politics. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. p. 370. ISBN 0-87436-960-6.
  9. ^ Kouters, Angela (2008). Encyclopedia of Women and American Politics. New York: Facts On File. p. 268. ISBN 978-1-4381-1032-5.
  10. ^ Tom Troy (October 27, 2015). "Former Congressman Weber backs Ferner for mayor". The Blade. Toledo, Ohio. Retrieved 2016-01-28.
  11. ^ "OH District 9 Race". Our Campaigns. November 2, 1982. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  12. ^ "Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur: Biography". Kaptur.house.gov. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  13. ^ "OH District 9 Race". Our Campaigns. November 6, 1984. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  14. ^ a b "Marcy Kaptur's story". Bowling Green State University. Retrieved 2024-07-27.
  15. ^ "OH - District 09 Race". Our Campaigns. November 7, 2006. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  16. ^ "OH - District 09 Race". Our Campaigns. November 4, 2008. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  17. ^ "Now, Joe the Plumber wants to be a Congressman!". Asian News International. 2008-10-25. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
  18. ^ "'Joe the Plumber' Considers Run for Congress". Fox News. 2008-10-25. Archived from the original on 2008-10-26. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  19. ^ Shipman, Tim (2008-10-27). "Joe the Plumber says he may run for Congress". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 2008-10-28. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  20. ^ "2010 Election: Live Results". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2010-11-03. Retrieved 2010-11-08.
  21. ^ "2016 Election Results: President Live Map by State, Real-Time Voting Updates". Politico. 2016-11-08. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
  22. ^ "OH District 9 - D Primary Race". Our Campaigns. March 6, 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  23. ^ Noga, Joe (November 7, 2012). "Marcy Kaptur coasts to win in 9th District congressional race". Sun News.
  24. ^ "Richard May of Cleveland wins GOP primary to oppose Rep. Marcy Kaptur". cleveland.com. 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
  25. ^ "Ohio's 9th Congressional District election, 2022". Ballotpedia. 2022-11-08. Retrieved 2022-11-14.
  26. ^ "Ohio Democrat Marcy Kaptur extends tenure as longest-serving woman in US House with election win". AP News. 2024-11-20. Retrieved 2024-11-20.
  27. ^ "Ross Reruns". Newsweek. November 18, 1996. Retrieved 2010-08-23. [dead link‍]
  28. ^ Alcindor, Yamiche (March 11, 2016). "Bernie Sanders Praises Ruling Allowing 17-Year-Olds to Vote in Ohio - First Draft. Political News, Now". The New York Times. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
  29. ^ House of Representatives (22 March 1991). "H.R.1624 - To provide for the establishment of a memorial on Federal land within the District of Columbia to honor members of the Armed Forces who served in World War II, and to express the sense of Congress concerning the United States' participation in that conflict". Congress.gov. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
  30. ^ House of Representatives (29 June 1989). "H.R.2807 - To provide for the establishment of a memorial on Federal land within the District of Columbia to honor members of the Armed Forces who served in World War II, and to express the sense of Congress concerning the United States participation in that conflict". Congress.gov. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
  31. ^ House of Representatives (22 March 1991). "H.R.1624 - To provide for the establishment of a memorial on Federal land within the District of Columbia to honor members of the Armed Forces who served in World War II, and to express the sense of Congress concerning the United States' participation in that conflict". Congress.gov. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
  32. ^ Janofsky, Michael (May 30, 2004). "Veterans Gather to Dedicate World War II Memorial". The New York Times. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  33. ^ Marcy Kaptur (September 22, 2008). "Statement on Economic Turmoil" (Press release). I do not believe that Congress should bail out large financial institutions on Wall Street, especially without adequate protection for the average person. We need to help Main Street, not just Wall Street.... I do not believe that the people who helped bring about this situation should be allowed to profit from it.
  34. ^ Mary Corliss (September 6, 2009). "Michael Moore's Capitalism Goes for Broke". Time.
  35. ^ "Return to Prudent Banking Act of 2011 (2011; 112th Congress H.R. 1489)". GovTrack.us. Retrieved 10 April 2014.
  36. ^ "Membership". Congressional Arts Caucus. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  37. ^ "90 Current Climate Solutions Caucus Members". Citizen's Climate Lobby. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
  38. ^ "Patent Reform". The Hill. June 2009. Archived from the original on December 17, 2009. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  39. ^ Kaptur, Marcy (June 22, 2009). "Tech giants are aiming to infringe". The Hill. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  40. ^ Malathi Nayak (June 29, 2018). "Bill to End Patent Office Validity Challenges Introduced in House (1)". Bloomberg Law. Retrieved 2018-07-01.
  41. ^ "House passes assault-style weapons ban | CNN Politics". CNN. 29 July 2022.
  42. ^ "H.R. 1808: Assault Weapons Ban of 2022 -- House Vote #410 -- Jul 29, 2022".
  43. ^ "How an 'ugly,' unwanted weapon became the most popular rifle in America".
  44. ^ "Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur tells Toledoans how they can help Ukraine". 7 March 2022.
  45. ^ "Seven more lawmakers — including six Democrats — have signed on to a letter pushing Joe Biden to send F-16 jets to Ukraine". Politico. February 21, 2023. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
  46. ^ "H.Con.Res. 21: Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of … -- House Vote #136 -- Mar 8, 2023".
  47. ^ "House Votes Down Bill Directing Removal of Troops From Syria". Associated Press. March 8, 2023.
  48. ^ "House Vote 625 - Approves DREAM Act". ProPublica. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
  49. ^ "H.R. 6: American Dream and Promise Act of 2021 -- House Vote #91 -- Mar 18, 2021".
  50. ^ Washington, U. S. Capitol Room H154; p:225-7000, DC 20515-6601 (2024-05-08). "Roll Call 193 Roll Call 193, Bill Number: H. R. 7109, 118th Congress, 2nd Session". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved 2024-06-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  51. ^ "Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act". House.gov. January 11, 2007. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  52. ^ "Stupak of Michigan Amendment". House.gov. November 7, 2009. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  53. ^ "No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion Act". House.gov. May 4, 2011. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  54. ^ "Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2000". House.gov. April 5, 2000. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  55. ^ "On Agreeing to the Conference Report". House.gov. October 2, 2003. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  56. ^ "Child Custody Protection Act". House.gov. June 30, 1999. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  57. ^ "Child Interstate Abortion Notification Act". House.gov. April 27, 2005. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  58. ^ "DeLauro of Connecticut Amendment". House.gov. June 15, 1995. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  59. ^ "Dornan of California". House.gov. September 7, 1995. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  60. ^ "Harman of California Amendment". House.gov. June 19, 1997. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  61. ^ "Lowey of New York Amendment". House.gov. May 20, 1998. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  62. ^ "Meek of Florida Amendment". House.gov. June 9, 1999. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  63. ^ "Davis of California Amendment". House.gov. May 25, 2005. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  64. ^ "How area members of Congress voted".
  65. ^ "Meet Marcy – Marcy Kaptur for Congress". Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  66. ^ a b c Marcy Kaptur (July 26, 2022). "Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur Celebrates NETWORK Lobby's Legacy of Connecting the Common Good to Politics". NETWORK Lobby. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
  67. ^ a b Eliza Gray (August 26, 2019). "The Quiet Endurance of Marcy Kaptur". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
  68. ^ "1982 Federal election results" (PDF). November 2, 1982.
  69. ^ "1984 Federal election results" (PDF). November 6, 1984.
  70. ^ "1986 Federal election results" (PDF). November 4, 1986.
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Marcy Kaptur
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Ohio's 9th congressional district
1983–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States representatives by seniority
4th 		Succeeded by
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