Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat

In this Malay name, there is no surname or family name. The name Nik Mat is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by their given name, Nik Abdul Aziz. The word "bin" or "binti"/"binte" means 'son of' or 'daughter of', respectively.

Yang Berbahagia Tuan Guru Tan Sri Dato' Bentara Setia Haji Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat PSM SJMK KMN JP
نئ عبدالعزيز نئ مت‎
Menteri Besar of Kelantan
In office 22 October 1990 – 6 May 2013
Monarchs	Sultan Ismail Petra Sultan Muhammad V
Deputy	Mohd Rozali Isohak (1990-1996) Abdul Halim Abdul Rahman (1990-2004) Ahmad Yakob (2004-2013)
Preceded by	Mohamed Yaacob
Succeeded by	Ahmad Yakob
2nd Spiritual Leader of Malaysian Islamic Party
In office 1991 – 12 February 2015
Preceded by	Yusof Rawa
Succeeded by	Haron Din
Member of the Malaysian Parliament for Pengkalan Chepa
In office 1974–1986
Preceded by	New constituency
Succeeded by	Nik Abdullah Arshad
Member of the Malaysian Parliament for Kelantan Hilir
In office 1967–1974
Preceded by	Ahmad Abdullah
Succeeded by	Constituency abolished
Member of the Kelantan State Assembly for Chempaka
In office 1995 – 12 February 2015
Preceded by	New constituency
Succeeded by	Ahmad Fathan Mahmood
Member of the Kelantan State Assembly for Semut Api
In office 1986–1995
Preceded by	Wan Mamat Wan Yusof
Succeeded by	Constituency abolished
PAS Head of the Ulama Wing
In office 1971–1995
Kelantan Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party Commissioner
In office 1978–2013
Succeeded by	Ahmad Yakob
Personal details
Born	Nik Abdul Aziz bin Nik Mat (1931-01-10)10 January 1931 Kampung Pulau Melaka, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, British Malaya (now Malaysia)
Died	12 February 2015(2015-02-12) (aged 84) Kampung Pulau Melaka, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Resting place	Tanah Perkuburan Pulau Melaka, Kota Bharu
Political party	PAS
Other political affiliations	Alliance (1972–1973) BN (1973–1978) APU (1990–1996) BA (1999–2004) PR (2008–2015)
Spouse	Puan Sri Tuan Sabariah Tuan Ishak ​ ​ (m. 1963)​
Relations	Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man (nephew) Nik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh (nephew) Ahmad Dusuki Abdul Rani (nephew)
Children	10, including Nik Abduh and Nik Omar
Alma mater	Al-Azhar University Darul Uloom Deoband

Nik Abdul Aziz bin Nik Mat (Jawi: نئ عبدالعزيز بن نئ مت‎; 10 January 1931 – 12 February 2015) was a Malaysian politician and Muslim cleric. He was the Menteri Besar of Kelantan from 1990 to 2013 and the Mursyidul Am or Spiritual Leader of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) from 1991 until his death in 2015. Overall, his career as an elected politician lasted for some 48 years following his election to the Parliament of Malaysia in 1967.

Nik Aziz's leadership of PAS was notable for his racially progressive stances that made it appeal to periphery non-Malay, non-Muslim electoral bases contributing to historic coalitions with left-leaning and multicultural parties like in Pakatan Rakyat; his death however majorly caused a purge of like-minded progressives from PAS who splintered as the National Trust Party as well shifting PAS further right towards Malay supremacism.

Early life

Nik Abdul Aziz was born in Kota Bharu in 1931 as the second of five siblings. He was raised by a single father (Tok Kura) who was an aspiring blacksmith. Nik Aziz's Islamic studies began in pondok schools in Kelantan and Terengganu. He went on to study at Darul Uloom Deoband in Uttar Pradesh, India for five years. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts in Arabic Studies and Master of Arts in Islamic jurisprudence from Al-Azhar University, Egypt. During his university studies, he was one of the witnesses and a civilian to have lived in the heat of the Arab-Israeli Conflict.

Having returned from Egypt, Nik Aziz worked as a teacher at various religious schools in Kelantan including his father's pondok (religious school). Nik Aziz started to teach at various mosques and Pondok within Kelantan and other states. He became a respected Islamic scholar earning the nickname "Tok Guru." (means 'Master/sifu of Scholar or teacher' in Malay)

Political career

Nik Aziz joined PAS in 1967. He contested and won the Kelantan Hilir parliamentary seat by-election in that same year, and held the seat (later renamed Pengkalan Chepa) until 1986. In 1982, he was part of a movement by young members to bring change to the party leadership. PAS had lost the Kelantan state elections in 1978 and, as PAS state commissioner, Nik Aziz began to question president Asri Muda's leadership. Finally, in the PAS Muktamar (General Assembly) that year, Asri was forced to resign.

After stepping aside from federal politics, Nik Aziz won a seat in the Kelantan State Assembly in the 1986 general elections. In 1990, PAS managed to wrest control of Kelantan back from Barisan Nasional. In his capacity as party leader in the state, Nik Aziz became Menteri Besar of Kelantan. He succeeded Yusof Rawa as spiritual leader of PAS in 1991.

Nik Aziz's government was re-elected on four occasions (1995, 1999, 2004, 2008), until his retirement in 2013. During the 1990s, his administration in Kelantan frequently clashed on the role of Islam in Malaysia with the then Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. In contrast with the racially exclusive ruling party UMNO, he openly rejected communal politics.

Nik Aziz commanded support from a large number of non-Muslims in Malaysia and played a leading role during PAS' increase in popularity among non-Muslims.

In May 2013, Nik Aziz publicly stated that he did not consent on any co-operation between United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) as long as he was alive. However, in September 2019, when PAS and UMNO signed the formal charter of alliance, named Muafakat Nasional, PAS president Abdul Hadi Awang claimed that Nik Aziz had already consented to the cooperation while he was alive.

Issues

Hardline views

Nik Aziz drew some criticism for his hardline Islamic views. His advocacy of Islamic shariah law for all Malay Muslims drew criticism. According to Fox News, Nik Aziz suggested that women would be at a lower risk of being raped if they abandoned using their lipstick and perfume. He was also recorded once stating that fashionable and sexy-dressing women deserved to be raped during a speech.

The "Allah" issue

In 2012, there was an issue of Catholics in Malaysia using the Arabic term for "God"; "Allah" in their Christian Bible. Initially, Nik Aziz stated that the word "Allah" can be used by non-Muslims as the origin of the word itself is evidently pre-Islamic. The issue caused a stir in the Muslim community. The PAS party was almost divided into two blocs; one that supported the use of the word, and one that did not. Aiming to restore unity in PAS, Nik Aziz took back his words and disapproved of the word "Allah" being used by non-Muslims.

Son detained under ISA

His son Nik Adli was held under the Malaysian Internal Security Act in 2001 for alleged terrorist activities including planning jihad, possession of weapons, and membership in the Kumpulan Mujahidin Malaysia (KMM), an Islamist extremist group. After 5 years in detention without trial, he was released.

Retirement and death

During the 2013 election, PAS once again won a majority of seats to form a Kelantan state government. Nik Aziz announced his retirement as Chief Minister of Kelantan, the post he held since 1990. His successor is Nik Aziz's former deputy Chief Minister Ahmad Yaakob, who took over his office to replace him as Kelantan's Chief Minister. Over the ensuing two years, Nik Aziz became increasingly ill with prostate cancer, and died on 12 February 2015(2015-02-12) (aged 84) at 9.40 p.m. Malaysia Standard Time (UTC+08:00); at his residence in Kampung Pulau Melaka, Kota Bharu. The following day, more than 10,000 people attended his funeral at Masjid Tok Guru, his local mosque. His death triggered the Kelantan State Assembly seat of 2015 Chempaka by-election.

Election results

Parliament of Malaysia

Year	Constituency	Candidate		Votes	Pct	Opponent(s)		Votes	Pct	Ballots cast	Majority	Turnout
1967	P016 Kelantan Hilir		Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	11,855	57.97%		Tengku Noor Asiah Tengku Ahmad (UMNO)	8,596	42.03%	20,737	3,259	74.84%
1969			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	13,635	60.73%		Mohamed Salleh Ibrahim (UMNO)	8,817	39.27%	23,183	4,818	74.64%
1974	P017 Pengkalan Chepa		Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)1	13,243	73.88%		Umar Ibrahim (IND)	4,682	26.12%	19,278	8,561	62.10%
1978			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	11,897	54.53%		Muhammad Noor Ali (UMNO)	9,919	45.47%	N/A	1,978	N/A
1982			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	16,759	59.48%		Hassan Harun (UMNO)	11,417	40.52%	28,907	5,342	78.73%
1986	P023 Bachok		Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	16,347	49.59%		Mohd. Zain Abdullah (HAMIM)	16,617	50.41%	33,627	270	80.08%

Note: ¹ PAS were in the Alliance (1972–1973) and later Barisan Nasional (1973–1978) coalition government.

Kelantan State Legislative Assembly

Year	Constituency	Candidate		Votes	Pct	Opponent(s)		Votes	Pct	Ballots cast	Majority	Turnout
1986	N04 Semut Api		Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	6,233	60.36%		Hafsah Osman (UMNO)	4,094	39.64%	10,754	2,139	74.97%
1990			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	9,504	79.10%		Wan Mat (UMNO)	2,511	20.90%	12,341	6,993	76.22%
1995	N05 Chempaka		Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	7,851	72.80%		Yusuf Isa (UMNO)	2,934	27.20%	11,413	4,917	74.80%
1999			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	8,649	74.48%		Ropli Ishak (UMNO)	2,302	19.82%	11,801	6,347	78.26%
2004			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	7,889	65.10%		Ruhani Mamat (UMNO)	4,195	34.62%	12,407	3,694	81.47%
2008			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	9,514	64.13%		Nik Mohd Zain Omar (UMNO)	5,265	35.49%	15,077	4,249	84.62%
2013			Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (PAS)	12,310	67.92%		Wan Razman Wan Abdul Razak (UMNO)	5,810	32.06%	18,360	6,500	85.94%

Honours

Honours of Malaysia

• Malaysia :
  • Officer of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (KMN) (1974)
  • Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) – Tan Sri (2023 – posthumously)
• Kelantan :
  • Justice of the Peace (JP) (1968)
  • Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Life of the Crown of Kelantan (SJMK) – Dato' (1995)
  • Dato' Bentara Setia (2010)

External links

• Official Blog of Tok Guru Nik Aziz Nik Mat
• A Day in a Life of Tok Guru Nik Aziz Nik Mat on YouTube