Ulmus szechuanica
| Ulmus szechuanica | |
|---|---|
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| Ulmus szechuanica, Sir Harold Hillier Gardens | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Ulmaceae |
| Genus: | Ulmus |
| Species: | U. szechuanica
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| Binomial name | |
| Ulmus szechuanica Fang
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| Synonyms | |
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Ulmus szechuanica Fang, known as the Szechuan (Sichuan), or red-fruited, elm, is a small to medium deciduous Chinese tree found along the Yangtze river through the provinces of Sichuan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu.
Description
[edit]
The tree can reach a height of 18 m, but is usually less than 10 m, with a spreading umbrella-like crown. The leaves, dark red on emergence, are generally obovate < 9 cm long by 5 cm broad, borne on branchlets with an irregular corky layer. The wind-pollinated apetalous flowers are produced on second-year shoots in February, followed in March by suborbicular samarae < 16 mm long by 13 mm wide.[2][3]
Pests and diseases
[edit]Ulmus szechuanica was evaluated with other Chinese elms at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, where it exhibited a resistance to Dutch elm disease. The species is eschewed by the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola.[4][5]
Cultivation
[edit]Growing best on well-drained soils, U. szechuanica is cold hardy; in artificial freezing tests at the Morton Arboretum [6] the LT50 (temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be −30 °C. However, it was also found to be comparatively weak-wooded, making it susceptible to storm damage in winter.[7] There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce beyond the United States.
Hybrid cultivars
[edit]U. szechuanica is believed to have been used in post-2000 hybridization experiments at the Morton Arboretum.[8]
Accessions
[edit]- North America
- Brenton Arboretum, Iowa, US. No accession details available.
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Illinois, US. 2 trees, no other details available.
- Denver Botanic Gardens, US. No details available
- Holden Arboretum, US. Acc. nos. 96-179 (unknown provenance), 97-30 wild collected in China.
- Morton Arboretum, US. Acc. nos. 429–84, 53–95.
- United States National Arboretum Washington, D.C., US. Acc. nos. 68987, 68991, 76235, 76236, 76250, 68992.
- Europe
- Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 523
- Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, Hampshire, UK. Acc. no. 1994.0329, one tree, 4.4 m tall in 2008, from seed from the Shanghai Botanical Garden
Nurseries
[edit]- North America
- Sun Valley Garden Centre [3], Eden Prairie, Minnesota, US.
- Europe
- Pan-Global Plants [4], Frampton-on-Severn, Gloucestershire, UK.
- Pépinière AOBA [5], Saint Ouen la Rouerie, France.
References
[edit]- ^ Lin, Q.; Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Ulmus szechuanica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T152844046A152844051. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T152844046A152844051.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- ^ Fu, L. & Jin J. (eds). (1992). China Red Data Book. Rare and endangered plants. Vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing.
- ^ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [1]
- ^ Miller, F. & Ware, G. (1884). Preference for and Suitability of Selected Elms Ulmus spp. and their Hybrids for the Elm Leaf Beetle, (Pyrrhalta luteola Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Environmental Horticulture. 12(4):231 - 235. December 1994.
- ^ "Elm Leaf Beetle Survey". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- ^ Shirazi, A. M. & Ware, G. H. (2004). Evaluation of New Elms from China for Cold Hardiness in Northern Latitudes. International Symposium on Asian Plant Diversity & Systematics 2004, Sakura, Japan.
- ^ Ware, G. (1995). Little-known elms from China: landscape tree possibilities. Journal of Arboriculture, (Nov. 1995). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US. [2] Archived 2007-11-30 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Mittempergher, L. & Santini, A. (2004). Elm breeding history. Invest Agrar: Sist Recur For, (2004), 13 (1), 161-177.