رد

See also: زد

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ر د د (r-d-d)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rad.da/

Verb

1. (transitive) to return, bring back
2. to reply, to answer, to respond
3. to repel
4. to resist
5. to refuse
6. to reject
7. to restrain, to keep (someone مِن (min) something)
8. to refute
9. to dissuade
10. to reinstate

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /radd/

Noun

رَدّ • (radd) m (plural رُدُود (rudūd))

1. verbal noun of رَدَّ (radda) (form I)
2. refusal
3. repulse
4. refutation
5. hindrance
6. restitution, return
7. reply
8. restoration to a former state

Declension

Declension of noun رَدّ (radd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَدّ radd	الرَّدّ ar-radd	رَدّ radd
Nominative	رَدٌّ raddun	الرَّدُّ ar-raddu	رَدُّ raddu
Accusative	رَدًّا raddan	الرَّدَّ ar-radda	رَدَّ radda
Genitive	رَدٍّ raddin	الرَّدِّ ar-raddi	رَدِّ raddi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَدَّيْن raddayn	الرَّدَّيْن ar-raddayn	رَدَّيْ radday
Nominative	رَدَّانِ raddāni	الرَّدَّانِ ar-raddāni	رَدَّا raddā
Accusative	رَدَّيْنِ raddayni	الرَّدَّيْنِ ar-raddayni	رَدَّيْ radday
Genitive	رَدَّيْنِ raddayni	الرَّدَّيْنِ ar-raddayni	رَدَّيْ radday
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رُدُود rudūd	الرُّدُود ar-rudūd	رُدُود rudūd
Nominative	رُدُودٌ rudūdun	الرُّدُودُ ar-rudūdu	رُدُودُ rudūdu
Accusative	رُدُودًا rudūdan	الرُّدُودَ ar-rudūda	رُدُودَ rudūda
Genitive	رُدُودٍ rudūdin	الرُّدُودِ ar-rudūdi	رُدُودِ rudūdi

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: رد (red)
  • Turkish: ret
• → Classical Persian: رد (radd) (see there for further descendants)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Noun

رَدّ • (radd)

1. vomiting
2. bad
3. worthless

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rid/

Verb

1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of وَرَدَ (warada)

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Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑdː/

Verb

1. (with على) to answer, reply (to)

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Gojri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رد (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Adjective

رَد (rad) (indeclinable)

1. refutation, rejection, cancellation

Further reading

• Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 254.
• Javaid Rahi (2015) گوجری ڈکشنری [Gojri Dictionary] (in Gojri), page 544, column 1.

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Moroccan Arabic

Root
ر د د
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /radː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرُد (yrudd) or يرَد (yradd))

1. to reply, to answer, to respond Template:+preo
2. to give back
3. (intransitive) to vomit

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Persian

Etymology 1

See راد (râd).

Noun

رد • (rad)

1. (archaic) sage (wise person)
2. an important person in Zoroastrianism

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

رد • (rad)

1. track
2. trace
3. footprint

Derived terms

• رد پا (radd-e pâ)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading?	r
Dari reading?	r
Iranian reading?	r
Tajik reading?	r

Noun

رد • (radd)

1. rejection

Derived terms

• رد کردن (radd kardan)

Descendants

• → Assamese: ৰদ (rod)
• → Azerbaijani: rədd
  • → Armenian: ռադ (ṙad)
• → Middle Bengali: রদ (rod)
  • Bengali: রদ (rod)
• → Dhivehi: ރައްދު (raddu)
• → Dogri: [Term?], radd

  Devanagari script: रद्द

  Dogra script: 𑠤𑠛𑠹𑠛

• → Gojri: رَد (rad)
• → Gujarati: રદ (rad)
• → Hindustani: radd

  Hindi: रद्द

  Urdu: رَدّ (radd)

• → Kannada: ರದ್ದು (raddu)
• → Maithili: [Term?], rad

  Devanagari script: रद

  Tirhuta script: 𑒩𑒠

• → Malayalam: റദ്ദ് (ṟaddŭ)
• → Malvi: रद्द (radd)
• → Marathi: रद्द (radda)
• → Marwari:

  Devanagari script: रद्द (radd)

  Mahajani script: 𑅭𑅥𑅥 (rdd)

• → Nepali: रद्द (radda)
• → Odia: ରଦ୍ଦ (radda)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਰੱਦ (radda)

  Shahmukhi script: رَدّ (radd)

• → Sindhi:

  Arabic script: رَدِ

  Devanagari script: रदि

  Khudawadi script: 𑋙𑋏𑋡 (radi)

• → Tamil: ரத்து (rattu)
• → Telugu: రద్దు (raddu)
• → Varhadi: रद (rad)

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rad/, [rad]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

ردّ • (radd) I (present بردّ (birodd))

1. to reply, to respond, to answer (+ على)

   بسلّم عليه وما بردّ.

   basallem ʕalēh w-mā birodd.

   I greet him and he doesn't respond.

   ردّ على سؤالي، وين كنت مبارح؟

   rodd ʕala suʔāli: wēn kunt mbāreḥ?

   Answer my question: Where were you yesterday?

   ردّ عالتلفون.

   radd ʕal-telfōn.

   He answered the phone.

2. to listen to, to follow (advice, instructions)
3. to obey (+ على)

   الولاد لازم يردّو على أهلهم.

   l-ūlād lāzem yroddu ʕala ʔahl-hom.

   Children must do as they are told by their parents.

   (literally, “Children must obey their parents.”)

4. to close

   ردّ الباب بسرعة!

   rodd il-bāb bsurʕa!

   Close the door quickly!

   Synonym: سكّر (sakkar)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ردّ (radd)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ردّيت (raddēt)	ردّيت (raddēt)	ردّ (radd)		ردّينا (raddēna)	ردّيتو (raddētu)	ردّو (raddu)
	f		ردّيتي (raddēti)	ردّت (raddat)
present	m	بردّ (barodd)	بتردّ (bitrodd)	بردّ (birodd)		منردّ (minrodd)	بتردّو (bitroddu)	بردّو (biroddu)
	f		بتردّي (bitroddi)	بتردّ (bitrodd)
subjunctive	m	اردّ (arodd)	تردّ (trodd)	يردّ (yrodd)		نردّ (nrodd)	تردّو (troddu)	يردّو (yroddu)
	f		تردّي (troddi)	تردّ (trodd)
imperative	m		ردّ (rodd)				ردّو (roddu)
	f		ردّي (roddi)

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Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رد (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɾəd̪d̪/
• Rhymes: -əd̪d̪

Adjective

رَدّ • (radd) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling रद्द)

1. cancelled, rejected; null and void

Further reading

• “رد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “رد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 590
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “رد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 340
• “رد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.