and-

See also: and, And, AND, ånd, -and, -ând, and Appendix:Variations of "and"

English

Alternative forms

• an-, on-

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English and-, ond-, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English and-, ond- (“against, back”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *and-, *anda-, *andi- (“across, opposite, against, away”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“across, forth”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“forehead, foreside, end, limit”). Cognate with Dutch ont-, German ant-, ent-, emp-, Icelandic and-, Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-), Latin ante (“before”), .

Prefix

and-

1. (no longer productive) A prefix of Old English origin meaning "against", "back", "in return", "away", represented in Modern English by a-, an-, on-, and in altered form by the reverse-action prefix un- (e.g. unbuckle). Also as the initial letter d in dread (< Old English ondrǣdan).

   along

   answer

   onfang

   onset

References

• “and-”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• ADN, DAN, DNA, Dan, Dan., NAD, NDA, dan, dna, nad

---

Gothic

Romanization

and-

1. (deprecated template usage) Romanization of 𐌰𐌽𐌳-

---

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse and-.

Prefix

and-

1. anti-, against, opposing

Derived terms

Icelandic terms prefixed with and-

---

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse and-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, front”).

Prefix

and-

1. against, opposite

References

• “and-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

---

Old English

Alternative forms

• ond-

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *andi-, representive of a combining form of and (“and”). Cognate with Middle Dutch ont- (Dutch ont-), Old High German ant- (German ant-, ent-), Old Norse and- (Icelandic and- (“against, anti-, opposed to, in the face of”), Swedish an-), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-).

Pronunciation

• (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) IPA^(key): /ˈɑnd/

Usage notes

This prefix was usually stressed; when unstressed, it weakened to an-, on-, also a-.

Prefix

and-

1. forming compounds words with the sense "against, opposing"; opposition

   andsaca (“opponent, adversary”)

2. in return, back

   andswaru "answer, reply"

3. facing, toward; completely, fully

   andweard "present time"

   andlang "entire, continuous"

   andweorc (“substance, matter, cause”); andleofen, andleofa (“nourishment, sustenance”)

4. without

Old English terms prefixed with and-

Synonyms

• ⁊ (symbol)

---

Old Norse

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, forehead, front”).

Prefix

and-

1. denotes whatever is opposite, against, towards

2. (by extension) hostile, adverse

Usage notes

The spellings an- or ann- are often used in compounds.

Derived terms

Old Norse terms prefixed with and-

Descendants

• Icelandic: and-
• Norwegian Nynorsk: and-
• Norwegian Bokmål: and-

References

• and- in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.

---

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *andi-.

Pronunciation

• (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) IPA^(key): /ˈɑnd/

Prefix

and-

1. forming compound words with the sense "against, opposing"; opposition

   andsako (“enemy, adversary”)

2. in return, back

   andswor "answer"

3. facing, toward; completely, fully

   andward "present time"

4. without