cataclysm

English

Alternative forms

• cataclasm (dated)

Etymology

From French cataclysme, from Latin cataclysmus, from Ancient Greek κατακλυσμός (kataklusmós, “deluge, flood”), from κατακλύζω (kataklúzō, “to dash over, flood, deluge, inundate”), from κατά (katá, “downwards, towards”) + κλύζω (klúzō, “to wash off, to wash away, to dash over”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkætəˌklɪzm̩/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

cataclysm (plural cataclysms)

1. A sudden, violent event.
   • 2007, Naomi Klein, The Shock Doctrine, Metropolitan Books/Henry Holt, →ISBN, page 427:

     While the disaster capitalism complex does not deliberately scheme to create cataclysms on which it feeds (though Iraq may be a notable exception), there is plenty of evidence that its component industries work very hard indeed to make that current disastrous trends continue unchallenged.

   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Altaaya Codex entry:

     Judging by the sedimentary composition of the crust, it appears that Altaaya once possessed an atmosphere thick enough to support some form of liquid. What cataclysm stripped the atmosphere and left the planet to freeze is not currently known.

2. (geology) A sudden and violent change in the earth's crust.
3. A great flood.

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with catechism.

Derived terms

• cataclysmal
• cataclysmic
• cataclysmist
• lunar cataclysm

 

Related terms

• catastrophe

Translations

sudden, violent event

• Armenian: կատակլիզմ (hy) (kataklizm)
• Belarusian: катаклі́зм m (kataklízm)
• Catalan: cataclisme (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 激變／激变 (zh) (jībiàn)

• Czech: kataklyzma (cs) f
• Esperanto: kataklismo
• Finnish: mullistus (fi)
• French: cataclysme (fr) m
• Galician: cataclismo (gl) m
• Georgian: კატაკლიზმა (ḳaṭaḳlizma)
• German: katastrophales Ereignis n, Kataklysmus (de) m
• Greek: κατακλυσμός (el) m (kataklysmós)
• Italian: cataclisma (it) m
• Japanese: 激変 (ja) (げきへん, gekihen), shrekoning (shrekoning)
• Macedonian: катакли́зма f (kataklízma)
• Manx: coleaystey mooar m
• Polish: kataklizm (pl) m
• Portuguese: cataclisma m
• Romanian: cataclism (ro) n
• Russian: катакли́зм (ru) m (kataklízm)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: катаклизма f

  Roman: kataklizma (sh) f

• Swedish: kataklysm (sv)
• Ukrainian: катаклі́зм (uk) m (kataklízm)
• Urdu: قیامت (qayamat)

sudden and violent change in the earth's crust

• Catalan: cataclisme (ca) m
• Finnish: kataklysmi (fi), luonnonmullistus (fi)
• Galician: cataclismo (gl) m
• German: Kataklysmus (de) m
• Macedonian: катакли́зма f (kataklízma)
• Romanian: cataclism (ro) n
• Russian: катакли́зм (ru) m (kataklízm)
• Spanish: cataclismo (es) m

great flood

• Finnish: suurtulva
• Macedonian: по́топ m (pótop)
• Romanian: inundație (ro) f, potop (ro) n
• Russian: пото́п (ru) m (potóp)