-zik

See also: zik

Hungarian

Etymology

From -z +‎ -ik.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zik]

Suffix

-zik

1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb.

   ‎főzőcske (“cooking”) + ‎-zik → ‎főzőcskézik (“to cook”)

   ‎hullám (“wave”) + ‎-zik → ‎hullámzik (“to wave, ripple”)

   1. to play the (when the base word is a musical instrument; exception: hegedül (“to play the violin”))

      ‎zongora (“piano”) + ‎-zik → ‎zongorázik (“to play the piano”)

   2. to play (with) (when the base word is a toy or a game)

      ‎kártya (“cards”) + ‎-zik → ‎kártyázik (“to play cards”)

      ‎fogócska (“tag”) + ‎-zik → ‎fogócskázik (“to play tag (a children's chasing game)”)

      ‎baba (“doll”) + ‎-zik → ‎babázik (“to play with dolls”)

   3. to play some sports (when the base word is a sports equipment)

      ‎korcsolya (“skate”) + ‎-zik → ‎korcsolyázik (“to skate”)

      ‎vitorla (“sail”) + ‎-zik → ‎vitorlázik (“to sail”)

   4. to ride/travel on something (when the base word is a vehicle or a means of transportation)

      ‎bicikli (“bicycle”) + ‎-zik → ‎biciklizik (“to bicycle, to ride a bicycle”)

   5. to consume, eat, drink (when the base word is food or drink)

      ‎kávé (“coffee”) + ‎-zik → ‎kávézik (“to drink coffee”)

Usage notes

• (verb-forming suffix) Variants:

  -zik is generally added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -azik is added to some back-vowel words

  -ázik is added only to a couple of words

  ‎csónak (“boat”) + ‎-ázik → ‎csónakázik (“to boat, go boating”)

  -ozik is added to most back-vowel words

  -ezik is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words

  -özik is added to most rounded front-vowel words

• The following subvariants can be found only in a few verbs. They usually freely alternate with the above main variants, although some of the verbs developed a difference in meaning. E.g. hibázik (“to make a mistake”) vs. hibádzik (“to be amiss <denoting something faulty or missing>”)

  -dzik is added to words ending in a vowel

  ‎bimbó (“bud”) + ‎-dzik → ‎bimbódzik (“to form buds”)

  ‎gyűrű (“ring”) + ‎-dzik → ‎gyűrűdzik (“to form rings, to ripple”)

  -adzik is added to back-vowel words

  ‎nyál (“saliva”) + ‎-adzik → ‎nyáladzik (“to slobber”)

  -edzik is added to unrounded front-vowel words

  ‎gyökér (“root”) + ‎-edzik → ‎gyökeredzik (“to be rooted”)

  -ödzik is added to one rounded front-vowel word

  ‎bőr (“skin”) + ‎-ödzik → ‎bőrödzik (“to develop a thin layer of skin on a surface”)

• Note: Certain words take another, synonymous suffix, -z/-oz/-az/-ez/-öz/-áz or -l/-ol/-al/-el/-öl/-ál.

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -zik

See also

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes