δικαστής

Ancient Greek

Etymology

δῐκᾰ́ζω (dĭkắzō, “to judge”) +‎ -της (-tēs, “-er”, masculine agent-noun suffix): literally, “judger”.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /di.kas.tɛ̌ːs/ → /ði.kasˈtis/ → /ði.kasˈtis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /di.kas.tɛ̌ːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /di.kasˈte̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ði.kasˈtis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ði.kasˈtis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ði.kasˈtis/

Noun

δῐκᾰστής • (dĭkăstḗs) m (genitive δῐκᾰστοῦ); first declension (Attic, Ionic, Koine)

1. (law) judge
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.96.2:

     Οἱ δ’ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς κώμης Μῆδοι ὁρῶντες αὐτοῦ τοὺς τρόπους δικαστήν μιν ἑωυτῶν αἱρέοντο.

     Hoi d’ ek tês autês kṓmēs Mêdoi horôntes autoû toùs trópous dikastḗn min heōutôn hairéonto.

     Then the Medes from the same town, seeing his behavior, chose him to be their judge.

   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.14.2–3
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.31
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 120
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 81
2. (law, in Athens) juror, juryman
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1136:

     Ἐν τοῖς δικασταῖς, κοὐκ ἐμοί, τόδ’ ἐσφάλη.

     En toîs dikastaîs, kouk emoí, tód’ esphálē.

     • Translation by Sir Richard Jebb

       At the hands of the jurymen, not mine, he suffered that loss.

Declension

First declension of ὁ δῐκαστής; τοῦ δῐκαστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ δῐκαστής ho dĭkastḗs	τὼ δῐκαστᾱ́ tṑ dĭkastā́	οἱ δῐκασταί hoi dĭkastaí
Genitive	τοῦ δῐκαστοῦ toû dĭkastoû	τοῖν δῐκασταῖν toîn dĭkastaîn	τῶν δῐκαστῶν tôn dĭkastôn
Dative	τῷ δῐκαστῇ tôi dĭkastêi	τοῖν δῐκασταῖν toîn dĭkastaîn	τοῖς δῐκασταῖς toîs dĭkastaîs
Accusative	τὸν δῐκαστήν tòn dĭkastḗn	τὼ δῐκαστᾱ́ tṑ dĭkastā́	τοὺς δῐκαστᾱ́ς toùs dĭkastā́s
Vocative	δῐκαστᾰ́ dĭkastắ	δῐκαστᾱ́ dĭkastā́	δῐκασταί dĭkastaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ὁ δῐκαστής; τοῦ δῐκαστέω (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ δῐκαστής ho dĭkastḗs	τὼ δῐκαστᾱ́ tṑ dĭkastā́	οἱ δῐκασταί hoi dĭkastaí
Genitive	τοῦ δῐκαστέω / δῐκαστῶ toû dĭkastéō / dĭkastô	τοῖν δῐκασταῖν toîn dĭkastaîn	τῶν δῐκαστέων / δῐκαστῶν tôn dĭkastéōn / dĭkastôn
Dative	τῷ δῐκαστῇ tôi dĭkastêi	τοῖν δῐκασταῖν toîn dĭkastaîn	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν δῐκαστῇσῐ / δῐκαστῇσῐν toîsĭ(n) dĭkastêisĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν δῐκαστήν tòn dĭkastḗn	τὼ δῐκαστᾱ́ tṑ dĭkastā́	τοὺς δῐκαστᾱ́ς toùs dĭkastā́s
Vocative	δῐκαστᾰ́ dĭkastắ	δῐκαστᾱ́ dĭkastā́	δῐκασταί dĭkastaí
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Synonyms

• δικαστήρ (dikastḗr)

Derived terms

• ἀρχῐδῐκᾰστής (arkhĭdĭkăstḗs)

Related terms

• δικαστήριον (dikastḗrion)

Further reading

• “δικαστής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek δικαστής (dikastḗs). By surface analysis, δικάζω (dikázo) +‎ -τής (-tís).

Noun

δικαστής • (dikastís) m or f (plural δικαστές, feminine δικαστίνα)

1. (law) judge

Declension

Declension of δικαστής

	singular	plural
nominative	δικαστής (dikastís)	δικαστές (dikastés)
genitive	δικαστή (dikastí)	δικαστών (dikastón)
accusative	δικαστή (dikastí)	δικαστές (dikastés)
vocative	δικαστή (dikastí)	δικαστές (dikastés)

Derived terms

• αρχιδικαστής (archidikastís, “chief justice”)

Related terms

• see: δίκη f (díki, “trial”)

Further reading

• δικαστής on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el