мир

See also: Мир

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mir]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

мир • (mir) m (relational adjective ми́рен or ми́ров)

1. peace
2. peacefulness, tranquillity, repose

   Synonym: поко́й (pokój)

   мир и поко́й ― mir i pokój ― peace and quiet

   Оставе́те ме на ми́ра! ― Ostavéte me na míra! ― Leave me in peace!

3. (poetic) universe; world

   Synonyms: свят (svjat), всеми́р (vsemír), вселе́на (vseléna)

Declension

Declension of мир

	singular
indefinite	мир mir
definite (subject form)	миръ́т mirǎ́t
definite (object form)	мира́ mirá

Derived terms

• миро- (miro-) (as an element in compounds)
  • Миролю́б m (Miroljúb), Миролю́ба f (Miroljúba) (personal names)
  • Миросла́в m (Mirosláv), Миросла́ва f (Mirosláva) (personal names)
  • мирогле́д (mirogléd, “worldview, orientation”)
  • миротво́рец (mirotvórec, “peacemaker”)

verbs

• (stative) мире́я (miréja) (dialectal)
• (inchoative) мирня́сам (mirnjásam)
• (stative) миру́вам (mirúvam)
• (causative-iterative) миря́ (mirjá) (dialectal)

 

nouns

• всеми́р (vsemír, “universe”)
• миря́нин (mirjánin, “layman”)
• неми́рник (nemírnik, “rebel”)

 

personal names

• Ми́ра f (Míra)
• Ми́рка f (Mírka)
• Ми́рко m (Mírko)
• Ми́рчо m (Mírčo)

 

adjectives

• ми́рен (míren)
• ми́ров (mírov)
• ми́рски (mírski)
• (obsolete) ми́рък (mírǎk)

 

See also

• миро́ (miró, “chrism”) (Greek borrowing, unrelated)
  • миро́сам (mirósam, “to anoint”)
  • миропома́жа (miropomáža, “to anoint”)

References

• “мир”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “мир”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “миръ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 69
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “мир”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 110
• “миръ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024

Dungan

Etymology

Cognate to Mandarin 明兒／明儿 (míngr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mi²⁴/

Noun

мир • (mir) (I)

1. tomorrow

   Synonyms: минтян (minti͡an), миргә (mirgə)

Even

Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *muire, compare Evenki мирэ (mirə), Manchu ᠮᡝᡳᡵᡝᠨ (meiren), Nanai муйрэ (mujre) and нгуйрэ (ŋujre), .

Noun

мир (mir)

1. shoulder

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mir]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: мир

Noun

мир • (mir) m (relational adjective мирен)

1. peace

Declension

Declension of мир

	singular
indefinite	мир
definite unspecified	мирот
definite proximal	миров
definite distal	мирон
vocative	миру

References

• “мир” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Northern Khanty

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

мир (mir) (Kazym)

1. people, humanity

   Synonym: йох (joh)

References

• Solovar, V. N. (2014) “мир”, in Хантыйско-русский Словарь (казымский диалект) [Khanty-Russian Dictionary (Kazym Dialect)]‎^[2], Khanty-Mansiysk: ООО «ФОРМАТ», →ISBN, page 179

Russian

Alternative forms

• миръ (mir) — Pre-reform orthography (1918) (only in the sense of “peace”)
• міръ (mir) — Pre-reform orthography (1918) (only in the sense of “universe, world”)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás (“peace”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey(H)-ró-s.

The dual meaning of "peace" and "world" is unique to Slavic. The pre-1918 orthography had an orthographical distinction of the two identically pronounced words to avoid confusion.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mʲir]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

мир • (mir) m inan (genitive ми́ра, nominative plural миры́, genitive plural миро́в, relational adjective мирово́й or мирско́й, diminutive миро́к)

1. (usually uncountable) peace

   война́ и мир ― vojná i mir ― war and peace

   мир во всём ми́ре ― mir vo vsjom míre ― world peace

   опло́т ми́ра ― oplót míra ― stronghold of peace

   Ми́ру мир! (slogan, the first "мир" in the dative case is "world", the second "мир" is "peace") ― Míru mir! ― Peace to the world!

2. universe; world; planet

   происхожде́ние ми́ра ― proisxoždénije míra ― origin of the universe

Usage notes

The locative form миру́ (mirú), "(in [this]) world", is used with religious figures to indicate their secular name – for example, "Протопоп Афанасий, в миру Александр Иванович Неизвестнов" would mean "Protopope Afanasy, secular name Alexander Ivanovich Neizvestnov".

Declension

Declension of мир (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ми́р mír	миры́ mirý
genitive	ми́ра míra	миро́в miróv
dative	ми́ру míru	мира́м mirám
accusative	ми́р mír	миры́ mirý
instrumental	ми́ром mírom	мира́ми mirámi
prepositional	ми́ре míre	мира́х miráx
locative	миру́ mirú

Derived terms

• мировоззре́ние (mirovozzrénije)
• мировосприя́тие (mirovosprijátije)
• миролюби́вый (miroljubívyj)
• мироощуще́ние (mirooščuščénije)
• миропома́зание (miropomázanije)
• миропонима́ние (miroponimánije)
• миропоря́док (miroporjádok)
• миротво́рец (mirotvórec)
• миротво́рчество (mirotvórčestvo)
• мироустро́йство (miroustrójstvo)
• ру́сский мир (rússkij mir, “the Russian world, the Russian community”)

Related terms

• всеми́рный (vsemírnyj)
• мири́ть (mirítʹ)
• мирова́я (mirovája)
• мирово́й (mirovój)
• ми́рный (mírnyj)
• мирско́й (mirskój)
• миря́нин (mirjánin)
• обмирще́ние (obmirščénije)
• переми́рие (peremírije)
• примире́ние (primirénije)

Descendants

• → Ingrian: miira
• → Kildin Sami: мырр (myrr)

Further reading

• мир in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás, from Proto-Indo-European *mey(H)-ró-s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mîːr/

Noun

ми̑р m (Latin spelling mȋr)

1. peace

   Нобелова награда за мир ― Nobel peace prize

   мировна конференција ― peace conference

   центар града је оаза мира и зеленила ― city center is an oasis of peace and greenery

   • 1996, United Nations, “Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Serbian”, in UDHR in Unicode‎^[3], archived from the original on 21 May 2022:

     Пошто је признавање урођеног достојанства и једнаких и неотуђивих права свих чланова људске породице темељ слободе, правде и мира у свету;

     Pošto je priznavanje urođenog dostojanstva i jednakih i neotuđivih prava svih članova ljudske porodice temelj slobode, pravde i mira u svetu;

     Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,

2. calm, tranquility

   остави ме на миру! ― leave me alone!

   пусти ме на миру! ― leave me alone!

Declension

Declension of мир

	singular	plural
nominative	ми̑р	ми́рови
genitive	мира	мирова
dative	миру	мировима
accusative	мир	мирове
vocative	миру	мирови
locative	миру	мировима
instrumental	миром	мировима

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mɪr]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

мир • (myr) m inan (genitive ми́ру, uncountable)

1. peace
2. (dated) world

Declension

(peace)

Declension of мир (inan sg-only hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	мир myr
genitive	ми́ру mýru
dative	ми́рові, ми́ру mýrovi, mýru
accusative	мир myr
instrumental	ми́ром mýrom
locative	ми́ру, ми́рі mýru, mýri
vocative	ми́ре mýre

(world)

Declension of мир (inan sg-only hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	мир myr
genitive	ми́ру mýru
dative	ми́рові, ми́ру mýrovi, mýru
accusative	мир myr
instrumental	ми́ром mýrom
locative	миру́ myrú
vocative	ми́ре mýre

Derived terms

• ми́рний (mýrnyj)
• мирови́й (myrovýj)
• мирськи́й (myrsʹkýj)
• переми́р'я (peremýrʺja)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “мир”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “мир”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)