兇

See also: 凶

兇 U+5147, 兇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5147 ← 兆 [U+5146] CJK Unified Ideographs 先 → [U+5148]

Translingual

Han character

兇 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 山大竹山 (UKHU), four-corner 2221₇, composition ⿱凶儿)

Derived characters

• 㟅 䣴 𣳸 𥞝 𧧗 𧵮 𩰷 𩷇 𤵻 𠒋 𮨼

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1348
• Dae Jaweon: page 260, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 268, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5147

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 兇
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Small seal script s05172 Transcribed ancient scripts L30006
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
酗	*qʰos
凶	*qʰoŋ
匈	*qʰoŋ
兇	*qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
訩	*qʰoŋ
胸	*qʰoŋ
胷	*qʰoŋ
洶	*qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
恟	*qʰoŋ
詾	*qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ

Etymology 1

trad.		兇/凶*
simp.		凶*
alternative forms		𠒋

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiōng (xiong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hiûng
• Eastern Min (BUC): hṳ̆ng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng¹ / hyeng¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiong

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syong
    • Wade–Giles: hsiung¹
    • Yale: syūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
    • Palladius: сюн (sjun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hung¹
    • Yale: hūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: hiung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hiung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /hi̯uŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hœŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hyeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyøŋ⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiong
    • Tâi-lô: hiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: xjowng, xjowngX

Rime
Character	兇	兇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許容切	許拱切
Baxter	xjowng	xjowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨoŋ/	/hɨoŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/hioŋ/	/hioŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/xioŋ/	/xioŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huawŋ/	/huawŋX/
Li Rong	/xioŋ/	/xioŋX/
Wang Li	/xĭwoŋ/	/xĭwoŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯woŋ/	/xi̯woŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiōng	xiǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung1	hung2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰoŋ/, /*qʰoŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	兇	兇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13891	13899
Phonetic component	凶	凶
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	胷	洶
Old Chinese	/*qʰoŋ/	/*qʰoŋʔ/

Definitions

兇

1. terrible; fearful
2. fierce; ferocious
3. ruffian; evildoer; criminal
4. act of violence; murder; evil
5. (Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) ugly
6. (Cantonese) to intimidate

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 醜 (“ugly”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		醜, 媸
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		醜陋
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	難看, 寒磣, 磣
	Taiwan	難看, 醜
	Singapore	難看, 醜
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	難看, 醜
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	難看, 醜, 不心疼
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	難看, 醜
	Wuhan	醜, 不好看
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	難看, 醜
	Hefei	難看, 醜, 相壞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
	Hong Kong	難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
	Dongguan	難睞
	Yangjiang	惡看, 醜鬼
Gan	Nanchang	不客氣, 難看
Hakka	Meixian	難看, 難睞, 醜, 像鬼
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	媸, 醜
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	媸, 醜
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	媸, 醜
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	媸, 醜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	媸, 醜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	䆀
Jin	Taiyuan	難看, 醜
Northern Min	Jian'ou	驚人, 毛格式, 生得呆
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	驚儂, 驚, 伓好看, 生得呆
Southern Min	Xiamen	歹看, 㾀勢
	Quanzhou	兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
	Jinjiang	兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
	Zhangzhou	䆀看, 㾀勢
	Taipei	歹看, 䆀, 䆀材, 㾀, 䆀猴, 㾀勢
	Kaohsiung	歹看
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹看, 䆀
	Manila (Hokkien)	兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
	Chaozhou	孬睇, 野樣, 䆀
	Shantou	野樣
	Jieyang	野樣
	Singapore (Teochew)	歹睇
Wu	Shanghai	難看, 怕
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	怕
	Shanghai (Jiading)	怕
	Suzhou	難看, 怕
	Kunshan	難看
	Jiaxing	難看
	Hangzhou	難看
	Ningbo	難看
	Wenzhou	難覷, 否好覷, 醜
Xiang	Changsha	醜, 不好看, 不打彩
	Shuangfeng	醜, 不好看

Compounds

• 兇惡／凶恶 (xiōng'è)
• 兇懼／凶惧
• 兇手／凶手 (xiōngshǒu)
• 兇殘／凶残 (xiōngcán)
• 兇殺／凶杀 (xiōngshā)
• 兇焰／凶焰 (xiōngyàn)
• 兇犯／凶犯 (xiōngfàn)
• 兇狠／凶狠 (xiōnghěn)
• 兇猛／凶猛 (xiōngměng)
• 兇險／凶险 (xiōngxiǎn)
• 幫兇／帮凶 (bāngxiōng)
• 步步行兇／步步行凶
• 真兇實犯／真凶实犯
• 緝兇／缉凶 (jīxiōng)
• 行兇／行凶 (xíngxiōng)
• 頂兇／顶凶
• 騁兇騁勢／骋凶骋势

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 兇 – see 凶 (“bad luck”). (This character is a variant form of 凶).

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00269

Japanese

Kanji

兇

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. ill luck

Readings

• Go-on: くう (kū)
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
• Kun: おそれる (osoreru, 兇れる)

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 兇 is mostly replaced by 凶, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 兇 replaced by daiyōji 凶

凶悪

凶器

凶手

凶賊

凶弾

凶徒

凶行

凶暴

元凶

Compounds

Compounds

• 兇(きょう)悪(あく) (kyōaku)
• 兇(きょう)漢(かん) (kyōkan)
• 兇(きょう)器(き) (kyōki)
• 兇(きょう)懼(く) (kyōku)
• 兇(きょう)険(けん) (kyōken)
• 兇(きょう)行(こう) (kyōkō)
• 兇(きょう)刃(じん) (kyōjin)
• 兇(きょう)弾(だん) (kyōdan)
• 兇(きょう)徒(と) (kyōto)
• 兇(きょう)犯(はん) (kyōhan)
• 兇(きょう)変(へん) (kyōhen)
• 兇(きょう)暴(ぼう) (kyōbō)
• 元(げん)兇(きょう) (genkyō)

Korean

Hanja

兇 (eumhun 흉악할 흉 (hyung'akhal hyung))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Compounds

• 원흉 (元兇, wonhyung)
• 흉기 (兇器, hyunggi)
• 흉당 (兇黨, hyungdang)
• 흉도 (兇徒, hyungdo)
• 흉맹 (兇猛, hyungmaeng)
• 흉사 (兇事, hyungsa)
• 흉수 (兇手, hyungsu)
• 흉악 (兇惡, hyung'ak)
• 흉역 (兇逆, hyung'yeok)
• 흉인 (兇刃, hyung'in)
• 흉적 (兇賊, hyungjeok)
• 흉탄 (兇彈, hyungtan)
• 흉포 (兇暴, hyungpo)
• 흉학 (兇虐, hyunghak)
• 흉행 (兇行, hyunghaeng)
• 흉한 (兇漢, hyunghan)

Vietnamese

Han character

兇: Hán Nôm readings: hung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.