康

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See also: 隶
康 U+5EB7, 康
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EB7
← 庶
[U+5EB6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 庸 →
[U+5EB8]

Translingual

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Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character

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康 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈中水 (ILE), four-corner 00232, composition ⿸广隶)

Derived characters

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See also

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 347, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9376
  • Dae Jaweon: page 658, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 891, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5EB7

Chinese

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trad. 康
simp. # 康
alternative forms 𢊪
𥹺
𠭳
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 康 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • 康 (Cantonese)

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 康
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (庚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
唐 *ɡl'aːŋ
煻 *l'aːŋ
糖 *l'aːŋ
搪 *l'aːŋ
蓎 *l'aːŋ
瑭 *l'aːŋ
餹 *l'aːŋ
篖 *l'aːŋ
螗 *l'aːŋ
塘 *l'aːŋ
鶶 *l'aːŋ
赯 *l'aːŋ
磄 *l'aːŋ
溏 *l'aːŋ
傏 *l'aːŋ
鎕 *l'aːŋ
榶 *l'aːŋ
嵣 *l'aːŋʔ, *l'aːŋs
庚 *kraːŋ
賡 *kraːŋ
鹒 *kraːŋ
康 *kʰlaːŋ
穅 *kʰlaːŋ
糠 *kʰlaːŋ
槺 *kʰlaːŋ
漮 *kʰlaːŋ
躿 *kʰlaːŋ
慷 *kʰlaːŋʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 庚 (“threshing tools”) + 米 (“rice”) – chaff. Unrelated to 隶, in which the bottom part is a reference to a tail (毛).

The derivative 糠 refers to the original word.

Etymology

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quiet, calm, peaceful
Schuessler (2007) compares 康 (OC *khâŋ) < *khlaŋ to Mizo tlan ~ tlang (“good, kindly, mild, calm, etc.”), both tentatively from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *klaŋ.
Kham
Borrowed from Tibetan ཁམས (khams).
"to look, to see"
Arose from mishearing of 好康 (hǎokāng, “rich; lucky; fortunate”) as 好看 (hǎokàn, “good-looking; worth seeing”) in a line of 《如果早知道男生也會被性侵》.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kung1/kng1 - vernacular (incl. surname for most people);
  • korng1 - literary (incl. surname for a few people).
Note:
  • khng - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • khong - literary.
Rime
Character 康
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦岡切
Baxter khang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/kʰɑŋ/
Wang
Li 		/kʰɑŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kʰɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		kāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hong1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 康 康 康
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kāng kāng tāng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khang › ‹ khang › ‹ thang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[kʰ]ˁaŋ/ /*k-r̥ˁaŋ/ /*r̥ˁaŋ/
English empty tranquil; at ease name of first Shang ruler

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 康
Reading # 1/1
No. 3981
Phonetic
component 		庚
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		康
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰlaːŋ/

Definitions

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康

  1. peaceful and happy; tranquil
  2. healthy; well; strong
  3. prosperous; plentiful; abundant
  4. broad; vast; smooth; level
  5. (obsolete) hollow; empty
  6. (obsolete) Original form of 糠 (kāng, “chaff; husk”).
  7. (Chinese mythology) Tai Kang (third king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty)
    Synonym: 太康 (Tài Kāng)
  8. (Chinese mythology) Zhong Kang (fourth king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty)
    Synonym: 仲康 (Zhòng Kāng)
  9. (Chinese mythology) Shao Kang (sixth king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty)
    Synonym: 少康 (Shào Kāng)
  10. a surname
    康有為／康有为  ―  Kāng Yǒuwéi  ―  Kang Youwei
    1. (historical) a surname, given to people from the Central Asian country of Kangju (康居 or 康國／康国)
  11. Kham (a historical region in Tibet)
  12. (Internet slang) Alternative form of 看 (“to look; to see”)

Compounds

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See also

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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康

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. peace

Readings

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  • Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
  • Kun: やすい (yasui, 康い)
  • Nanori: やす (yasu)

Compounds

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Proper noun

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康(やすし) • (Yasushi) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

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Hanja

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康 (eumhun 편안할 강 (pyeonanhal gang))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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康: Hán Nôm readings: khang, khăng, khương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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