方法

Chinese

		square; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just	law; method; way law; method; way; Buddhist teaching; Legalist; France (abbrev.)
simp. and trad. (方法)		方	法

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fāngfǎ

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄤㄈㄚˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fong¹ faat³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fong¹ fat²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fông-fap
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horng¹ hah⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hong-hoat

(Teochew, Peng'im): huang¹ huab⁴
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹faon-faq₇

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fāngfǎ → fāngfa (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄤㄈㄚˇ → ㄈㄤ ˙ㄈㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fangfå
  - Wade–Giles: fang¹-fa⁵
  - Yale: fāng-fa
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang.faa
  - Palladius: фанфа (fanfa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ → /fɑŋ⁵⁵ fä²/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fong¹ faat³
  - Yale: fōng faat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fong¹ faat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: fong¹ fad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵ faːt̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fong¹ fat²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔŋ³³ fat̚⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông-fap
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˊ fab^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong¹ fab⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴ fap̚²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: horng¹ hah⁶ [Phonetic: horng² hah⁶]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ haʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: horng¹ hah⁶ [Phonetic: horng² hah⁶]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ haʔ²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-hoat
  - Tâi-lô: hong-huat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: honghoad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ huat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huang¹ huab⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang huap
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ³³⁻²³ huap̚²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiaxing)
  - Wugniu: ¹faon-faq₇
  - MiniDict: faon^平 fah^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹faan-faq₄
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fɑ̃⁵⁵ faʔ²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /fɑ̃⁴⁴ faʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: pjang pjop

Rime
Character	方	法
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	乏 (148)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	府良切	方乏切
Baxter	pjang	pjop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐŋ/	/pɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐŋ/	/piɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɑŋ/	/piɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puaŋ/	/puap̚/
Li Rong	/piuaŋ/	/piɐp̚/
Wang Li	/pĭwaŋ/	/pĭwɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/piwaŋ/	/pi̯wɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fāng	fa
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong¹	faat³

Noun

方法

method; way; means; manner (Classifier: 個／个 m)
訓練方法／训练方法 ― xùnliàn fāngfǎ ― training method

方法得當／方法得当 ― fāngfǎ dédàng ― suitable method

研究方法 ― yánjiū fāngfǎ ― research method

補救方法／补救方法 ― bǔjiù fāngfǎ ― remedy

誘發學生寫作興趣的方法 [MSC, trad.]
诱发学生写作兴趣的方法 [MSC, simp.]
yòufā xuéshēng xiězuò xìngqù de fāngfǎ [Pinyin]
methods of arousing students' interest in writing

快速增強土壤肥力的好方法 [MSC, trad.]
快速增强土壤肥力的好方法 [MSC, simp.]
kuàisù zēngqiáng tǔrǎng féilì de hǎo fāngfǎ [Pinyin]
a good way to quickly improve soil fertility

新方法也不是完美的；儘管如此，它還是比老方法好得多。 [MSC, trad.]
新方法也不是完美的；尽管如此，它还是比老方法好得多。 [MSC, simp.]
Xīn fāngfǎ yě bùshì wánměi de; jǐnguǎn rúcǐ, tā háishì bǐ lǎo fāngfǎ hǎo de duō. [Pinyin]
The new method is not perfect; even so, it is much better than the old one.

這一代的計算機改變了我們創建媒體的方法。 [MSC, trad.]
这一代的计算机改变了我们创建媒体的方法。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhè yīdài de jìsuànjī gǎibiàn le wǒmen chuàngjiàn méitǐ de fāngfǎ. [Pinyin]
This generation of computers changed the way we create media.

Synonyms

edit

主意
作法 (zuòfǎ)
做法 (zuòfǎ)
卯竅／卯窍 (mao³ qiao⁴) (Sichuanese)
套套 (tau³ tau^3-2) (Jin, colloquial)
對策／对策 (duìcè)
工具 (gōngjù) (figurative)
手段 (shǒuduàn)
措施 (cuòshī)
方式 (fāngshì)
法子 (colloquial)
法度 (Hokkien)
渠道 (qúdào)
竅門／窍门 (qiàomén)
竅門兒／窍门儿 (qiàoménr)
管道 (guǎndào) (figurative, especially of communication)
行法 (xíngfǎ) (literary)
訣竅／诀窍 (juéqiào)
訣要／诀要 (juéyào)
路子 (lùzi)
路徑／路径 (lùjìng)
蹊徑／蹊径 (xījìng) (literary, figurative)
辦法／办法 (bànfǎ)
途徑／途径 (tújìng)
進路／进路 (jìnlù)
道理 (dàolǐ)
道術／道术 (dàoshù) (literary)
道道 (dau³ dau^3-2) (Jin)
門徑／门径 (ménjìng)
門路／门路 (ménlù)
門道／门道 (méndao)
門頭／门头 (méntóu) (literary, figurative)
頭路／头路 (tóulù) (colloquial)

Derived terms

方法論／方法论 (fāngfǎlùn)
科學方法／科学方法 (kēxué fāngfǎ)

Related terms

用法 (yòngfǎ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
方	法
ほう Grade: 2	ほう Grade: 4
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 方法 (MC pjang pjop).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほーほー [hòóhóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ho̞ːho̞ː]

Noun

方(ほう)法(ほう) • (hōhō) ^{←はうはふ (faufafu)^?}

way; method; manner
スクリーンショットを撮影(さつえい)する方法(ほうほう)
sukurīnshotto o satsuei suru hōhō
method to take screenshots

Synonyms

手段(しゅだん) (shudan)

Derived terms

不公正(ふこうせい)な取引方法(とりひきほうほう) (fukōseina torihiki hōhō)
公理的方法(こうりてきほうほう) (kōriteki hōhō)
方法序説(ほうほうじょせつ) (hōhō josetsu)
方法特許(ほうほうとっきょ) (hōhō tokkyo)
方法的(ほうほうてき) (hōhōteki)
方法的懐疑(ほうほうてきかいぎ) (hōhōteki kaigi)
方法論(ほうほうろん) (hōhōron, “methodology”)
明認方法(めいにんほうほう) (meinin hōhō)
発見的方法(はっけんてきほうほう) (hakkenteki hōhō)
証拠方法(しょうこほうほう) (shōko hōhō)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
方	法

Noun

方法 • (bangbeop) (hangeul 방법)

hanja form^? of 방법 (“method”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
方	法

Noun

方法

chữ Hán form of phương pháp (“method”).

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]