脆弱
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Chinese
[edit]brittle; fragile; crisp brittle; fragile; crisp; clear and loud voice; neat |
weak; feeble; young weak; feeble; young; inferior | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (脆弱) | 脆 | 弱 | |
simp. #(脆弱) | 脆 | 弱 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ceoi3 joek6
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chhùi-lio̍k / chhùi-jio̍k
- (Teochew, Peng'im): cui3 riag8
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshoe-zaq8
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ ㄖㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cuèiruò
- Wade–Giles: tsʻui4-jo4
- Yale: tswèi-rwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsueyruoh
- Palladius: цуйжо (cujžo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ceoi3 joek6
- Yale: cheui yeuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey3 joek9
- Guangdong Romanization: cêu3 yêg6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɵy̯³³ jœːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhùi-lio̍k
- Tâi-lô: tshuì-lio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhuieliok
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui¹¹⁻⁵³ liɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁵³ liɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhùi-jio̍k
- Tâi-lô: tshuì-jio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhuiejiok
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɔk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cui3 riag8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshùi jia̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡ziak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Wu
Adjective
[edit]脆弱
- (of physical strength) weak; frail
- (of character, disposition) vulnerable; weak; fragile; susceptible
Synonyms
[edit]- (weak):
- 冉弱 (rǎnruò) (literary)
- 單薄/单薄 (dānbó)
- 孤單/孤单 (gūdān)
- 孱弱 (chánruò) (literary)
- 弱 (ruò)
- 微弱 (wēiruò)
- 柔弱 (róuruò)
- 瘦弱 (shòuruò)
- 瘦瘠 (shòují)
- 羸弱 (léiruò)
- 荏弱 (Hokkien)
- 薄弱 (bóruò)
- 虛弱/虚弱 (xūruò)
- 虛荏/虚荏 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 虛虧/虚亏 (xūkuī)
- 虧弱/亏弱 (kuīruò)
- 衰弱 (shuāiruò)
- 軟弱/软弱 (ruǎnruò)
- 軟蔫蔫/软蔫蔫 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 軟䭕/软𬲕 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 雌 (cí) (literary)
- 體弱/体弱 (tǐruò)
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- 脆弱性 (cuìruòxìng)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
脆 | 弱 |
ぜい Hyōgai |
じゃく Grade: 2 |
kan'yōon | kan'on |
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]脆弱 • (zeijaku) ←ぜいじやく (zeizyaku)?-na (adnominal 脆弱な (zeijaku na), adverbial 脆弱に (zeijaku ni))
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 脆弱
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 脆弱だろ | ぜいじゃくだろ | zeijaku daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 脆弱で | ぜいじゃくで | zeijaku de |
Terminal (終止形) | 脆弱だ | ぜいじゃくだ | zeijaku da |
Attributive (連体形) | 脆弱な | ぜいじゃくな | zeijaku na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 脆弱なら | ぜいじゃくなら | zeijaku nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 脆弱であれ | ぜいじゃくであれ | zeijaku de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 脆弱ではない 脆弱じゃない |
ぜいじゃくではない ぜいじゃくじゃない |
zeijaku de wa nai zeijaku ja nai |
Informal past | 脆弱だった | ぜいじゃくだった | zeijaku datta |
Informal negative past | 脆弱ではなかった 脆弱じゃなかった |
ぜいじゃくではなかった ぜいじゃくじゃなかった |
zeijaku de wa nakatta zeijaku ja nakatta |
Formal | 脆弱です | ぜいじゃくです | zeijaku desu |
Formal negative | 脆弱ではありません 脆弱じゃありません |
ぜいじゃくではありません ぜいじゃくじゃありません |
zeijaku de wa arimasen zeijaku ja arimasen |
Formal past | 脆弱でした | ぜいじゃくでした | zeijaku deshita |
Formal negative past | 脆弱ではありませんでした 脆弱じゃありませんでした |
ぜいじゃくではありませんでした ぜいじゃくじゃありませんでした |
zeijaku de wa arimasen deshita zeijaku ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 脆弱で | ぜいじゃくで | zeijaku de |
Conditional | 脆弱なら(ば) | ぜいじゃくなら(ば) | zeijaku nara (ba) |
Provisional | 脆弱だったら | ぜいじゃくだったら | zeijaku dattara |
Volitional | 脆弱だろう | ぜいじゃくだろう | zeijaku darō |
Adverbial | 脆弱に | ぜいじゃくに | zeijaku ni |
Degree | 脆弱さ | ぜいじゃくさ | zeijakusa |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 脆弱なら | ぜいじやくなら | zeizyakunara | |
Continuative (連用形) | 脆弱に[1] 脆弱なり[2] |
ぜいじやくに ぜいじやくなり |
zeizyakuni zeizyakunari | |
Terminal (終止形) | 脆弱なり | ぜいじやくなり | zeizyakunari | |
Attributive (連体形) | 脆弱なる | ぜいじやくなる | zeizyakunaru | |
Realis (已然形) | 脆弱なれ | ぜいじやくなれ | zeizyakunare | |
Imperative (命令形) | 脆弱なれ | ぜいじやくなれ | zeizyakunare | |
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | 脆弱ならず | ぜいじやくならず | zeizyakunarazu | |
Contrasting conjunction | 脆弱なれど | ぜいじやくなれど | zeizyakunaredo | |
Causal conjunction | 脆弱なれば | ぜいじやくなれば | zeizyakunareba | |
Conditional conjunction | 脆弱ならば | ぜいじやくならば | zeizyakunaraba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 脆弱なりき | ぜいじやくなりき | zeizyakunariki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 脆弱なりけり | ぜいじやくなりけり | zeizyakunarikeri | |
Adverbial | 脆弱に | ぜいじやくに | zeizyakuni | |
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Noun
[edit]脆弱 • (zeijaku) ←ぜいじやく (zeizyaku)?
Derived terms
[edit]- 脆弱性 (zeijakusei, “vulnerability”)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
脆 | 弱 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 취약 (“vulnerability; destructibility”)
Categories:
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- Advanced Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 脆 read as ぜい
- Japanese terms spelled with 弱 read as じゃく
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