詐

See also: 诈

詐 U+8A50, 詐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A50 ← 詏 [U+8A4F] CJK Unified Ideographs 詑 → [U+8A51]

Translingual

Han character

詐 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人尸 (YROS), four-corner 0861₁, composition ⿰訁乍)

Derived characters

• 𠁙, 𨐷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1154, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35373
• Dae Jaweon: page 1620, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3954, character 11
• Unihan data for U+8A50

Chinese

trad.		詐
simp.		诈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 詐
Spring and Autumn	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (乍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
作	*ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡ
鲊	*ʔsraːʔ
痄	*ʔsraːʔ
厏	*ʔsraːʔ, *zraːʔ
詐	*ʔsraːɡs
咋	*ʔsraːɡs, *zraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ
笮	*ʔsraːɡs, *zaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
榨	*ʔsraːɡs
炸	*ʔr'aːɡs, *zreːb
乍	*zraːɡs
拃	*ʔsraːnʔ
酢	*sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ
祚	*zaːɡs
胙	*zaːɡs
阼	*zaːɡs
飵	*zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
秨	*zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
迮	*ʔsaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
柞	*ʔsaːɡ, *zaːɡ
昨	*zaːɡ
怍	*zaːɡ
砟	*zaːɡ
莋	*zaːɡ
岝	*zaːɡ, *zraːɡ
鈼	*zaːɡ
筰	*zaːɡ
葃	*zaːɡ, *zreːɡ, *zaɡ
舴	*ʔr'aːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
窄	*ʔsraːɡ
蚱	*ʔsraːɡ
齚	*zraːɡ
泎	*zraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraːɡs) : semantic 言 + phonetic 乍 (OC *zraːɡs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhà, zhǎ (zha⁴, zha³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˋ, ㄓㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): cha

  (Meixian, Guangdong): za⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): cá
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chà / chè / chèe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): za³ / dên³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhà
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhà
    • Wade–Giles: cha⁴
    • Yale: jà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jah
    • Palladius: чжа (čža)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎ
    • Wade–Giles: cha³
    • Yale: jǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaa
    • Palladius: чжа (čža)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä²¹⁴/

Note: zhǎ - Taiwan, “to bluff someone into giving information”.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zaa³
    • Yale: ja
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: za³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saː³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: cha
    • Hakka Romanization System: za
    • Hagfa Pinyim: za⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sa⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: za⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sa⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chà
    • Tâi-lô: tsà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zax
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sa²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sa¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè
    • Tâi-lô: tsè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zex
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡se²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèe
    • Tâi-lô: tsèe
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ²¹/

Note: chà - literary, chè/chèe - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: za³ / dên³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsà / tèⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sa²¹³/, /tẽ²¹³/

Note:

• za3 - literary;
• dên3 - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: tsraeH

Rime
Character	詐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	側駕切
Baxter	tsraeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠaH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚaH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃaH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂaɨH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃaH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃaH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂaH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaa3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤrak-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsraːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	詐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhà
Middle Chinese	‹ tsraeH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁrak-s/
English	treacherous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	詐
Reading #	1/1
No.	16645
Phonetic component	乍
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詐
Old Chinese	/*ʔsraːɡs/

Definitions

詐

1. to cheat; to defraud; to swindle

   爾虞我詐／尔虞我诈  ―  ěryúwǒzhà  ―  to deceive each other

   • 盟曰：「我無爾詐，爾無我虞。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     盟曰：「我无尔诈，尔无我虞。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Méng yuē: “Wǒ wú ěr zhà, ěr wú wǒ yú.” [Pinyin]

     The covenant said, “We shall not defraud you, and you shall not deceive us.

2. to pretend; to feign

   詐病／诈病  ―  zhàbìng  ―  to feign illness

   • 將軍紀信乃乘王駕，詐為漢王，誑楚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     将军纪信乃乘王驾，诈为汉王，诳楚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Jiāngjūn Jì Xìn nǎi chéng wángjià, zhà wèi hànwáng, kuáng chǔ. [Pinyin]

     General Ji Xin rode the king's carriage, pretending to be the King of Han (Liu Bang) to deceive the Chu.

3. to bluff (someone) into giving information
4. (obsolete) pretty; charming; dignified; haughty; proud
5. (obsolete) Alternative form of 乍 (zhà, “suddenly”)

   • 此偏戰也，曷為以詐戰之辭言之？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     此偏战也，曷为以诈战之辞言之？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Gongyang, c. 206 BCE– 9 CE

     Cǐ piānzhàn yě, hé wèi yǐ zhàzhàn zhī cí yán zhī? [Pinyin]

     This was a positional war. Why does it then talk about it in terms of a surprise attack? (translation adapted from Gentz, 2015)

Compounds

• 不苦詐／不苦诈
• 乘偽行詐／乘伪行诈
• 兵不厭詐／兵不厌诈 (bīngbùyànzhà)
• 刁詐／刁诈
• 勒詐／勒诈
• 哄嚇騙詐／哄吓骗诈
• 嚇詐／吓诈
• 奸詐 (jiānzhà)
• 奸詐不級／奸诈不级
• 姦詐／奸诈 (jiānzhà)
• 巧詐／巧诈 (qiǎozhà)
• 打詐／打诈
• 撒詐搗虛／撒诈捣虚
• 敲詐／敲诈 (qiāozhà)
• 敲詐勒索／敲诈勒索 (qiāozhàlèsuǒ)
• 機詐／机诈
• 權詐／权诈
• 欺詐／欺诈 (qīzhà)
• 爾虞我詐／尔虞我诈 (ěryúwǒzhà)
• 爾詐我虞／尔诈我虞
• 狂三詐四／狂三诈四
• 狙詐／狙诈
• 狡猾多詐／狡猾多诈
• 狡詐／狡诈 (jiǎozhà)
• 矯情飾詐／矫情饰诈
• 紮詐／扎诈
• 虛詐／虚诈
• 行詐／行诈
• 訛詐／讹诈 (ézhà)
• 詐偽／诈伪
• 詐取／诈取 (zhàqǔ)
• 詐取豪奪／诈取豪夺
• 詐哄／诈哄
• 詐唬／诈唬 (zhàhǔ)
• 詐啞佯聾／诈哑佯聋
• 詐奸不及
• 詐屍／诈尸 (zhàshī)
• 詐故／诈故
• 詐敗／诈败 (zhàbài)
• 詐敗佯輸／诈败佯输
• 詐欺／诈欺 (zhàqī)
• 詐欺罪／诈欺罪
• 詐死／诈死 (zhàsǐ)
• 詐眼兒／诈眼儿
• 詐稱／诈称 (zhàchēng)
• 詐術／诈术
• 詐語／诈语
• 詐謀奇計／诈谋奇计
• 詐財／诈财 (zhàcái)
• 詐降／诈降 (zhàxiáng)
• 詐騙／诈骗 (zhàpiàn)
• 誆言詐語／诓言诈语
• 詭詐／诡诈 (guǐzhà)
• 謊詐／谎诈
• 譎詐／谲诈
• 譟詐／噪诈
• 變詐／变诈
• 賴詐／赖诈
• 逆詐／逆诈
• 鄙詐／鄙诈
• 險詐／险诈 (xiǎnzhà)

 

Japanese

Kanji

詐

(Jōyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kan-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
• Kun: いつわる (itsuwaru, 詐る)

Korean

Hanja

詐 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

詐: Hán Nôm readings: trá, cha

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.