incense

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See also: incensé

English

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Rose colored incense sticks

Etymology

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From Middle English encens, from Old French encens (“sweet-smelling substance”) from Late Latin incensum (“burnt incense”, literally “something burnt”), neuter past participle of incendō (“I set on fire”). Compare incendiary. Cognate with Spanish encender and incienso.

Pronunciation

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  • Noun:
    • enPR: ĭn'sĕns, IPA(key): /ˈɪnsɛns/
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • Verb:
  • Rhymes: (verb) -ɛns

Noun

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

incense (countable and uncountable, plural incenses)

  1. Biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt, often used in religious rites or for aesthetic reasons.
    Hyponyms: joss stick, incense stick
  2. The fragrant smoke released by burning incense (sense 1).
    • 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter XIII, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 281:
      When the folding-doors were on such solemn occasions thrown open, and the new Abbot appeared on the threshold in full-blown dignity, with ring and mitre, and dalmatique and crosier, his hoary standard-bearers and his juvenile dispensers of incense preceding him, and the venerable train of monks behind him, with all besides which could announce the supreme authority to which he was now raised, his appearance was a signal for the magnificent jubilate to rise from the organ and music-loft, and to be joined by the corresponding bursts of Alleluiah from the whole assembled congregation.
  3. (figurative) Homage; adulation.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Verb

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incense (third-person singular simple present incenses, present participle incensing, simple past and past participle incensed)

  1. (obsolete, transitive) To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle; to burn.
    Synonyms: inflame; see also Thesaurus:kindle
  2. (transitive) To anger or infuriate.
    Synonyms: inflame; see also Thesaurus:enrage
    I think it would incense him to learn the truth.
  3. (archaic, transitive) To incite, stimulate.
    Synonyms: provoke; see also Thesaurus:incite
  4. (transitive) To offer incense to.
    Synonym: fume
    • late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Second Nun's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 410-413:
      And after this Almachius hastily
      Bad his ministres fecchen openly
      Cecile, so that she mighte in his presence
      Doon sacrifyce, and Iupiter encense.
      And after this, Almachius hastily
      Ordered his ministers to fetch publicly
      Cecile, so that she might in his presence
      Do sacrifice and burn incense to Jupiter.
  5. (transitive) To perfume with, or as with, incense.
    Synonyms: fume, musk; see also Thesaurus:odorize
    • c. 1603 (date written), Iohn Marston, The Malcontent, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for William Aspley, […], published 1604, →OCLC, Act III, scene ii:
      To haue her bound, incenſed with wanton ſweetes, / Her vaines fild hie with heating delicates, / […] / O Ithaca can chaſteſt Penelope hold out.
    • 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):
      Neither, for the future, shall any man or woman, self-styled noble, be incensed,—foolishly fumigated with incense, in Church; as the wont has been.
    • 1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 9, page 294:
      The priests solemnly incensed the girl who personated the goddess.

Translations

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Anagrams

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Galician

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Verb

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incense

  1. inflection of incensar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Latin

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Participle

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incēnse

  1. vocative masculine singular of incēnsus

References

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  • “incense”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • incense in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • incense in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “incense”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎[1]
  • “incense”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Portuguese

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Verb

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incense

  1. inflection of incensar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative
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