beir

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See also: beír

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Irish beirid, from Old Irish beirid. Cognate with English bear, Latin ferō, Sanskrit भरति (bharati).

Verb

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beir (present analytic beireann, future analytic béarfaidh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirthe) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. bear, give birth to (of persons, usually autonomously with do)
    Rug sí lao. ― She bore a calf.
    Rugadh iníon di. ― A calf was born to her.
  2. lay (of birds)
  3. bear away, win
  4. bring, take
  5. proceed, advance
Conjugation
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conjugation of beir (irregular)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present beirim beireann tú;
beirir† 		beireann sé, sí beirimid;
beireann muid 		beireann sibh beireann siad;
beirid† 		a bheireann; a bheireas /
a mbeireann*; a mbeireas* 		beirtear
past rug mé;
rugas 		rug tú;
rugais 		rug sé, sí rugamar;
rug muid 		rug sibh;
rugabhair 		rug siad;
rugadar 		a rug /
ar rug* 		rugadh
past habitual bheirinn / mbeirinn‡‡ bheirteá / mbeirteᇇ bheireadh sé, sí / mbeireadh sé, s퇇 bheirimis;
bheireadh muid / mbeirimis‡‡;
mbeireadh muid‡‡ 		bheireadh sibh / mbeireadh sibh‡‡ bheiridís; bheireadh siad / mbeiridís‡‡; mbeireadh siad‡‡ a bheireadh /
a mbeireadh* 		bheirtí / mbeirt퇇
future béarfaidh mé;
béarfad 		béarfaidh tú;
béarfair† 		béarfaidh sé, sí béarfaimid;
béarfaidh muid 		béarfaidh sibh béarfaidh siad;
béarfaid† 		a bhéarfaidh, a bhéarfas /
a mbéarfaidh*, a mbéarfas* 		béarfar
conditional bhéarfainn / mbéarfainn‡‡ bhéarfá / mbéarfᇇ bhéarfadh sé, sí / mbéarfadh sé, s퇇 bhéarfaimis;
bhéarfadh muid / mbéarfaimis‡‡;
mbéarfadh muid‡‡ 		bhéarfadh sibh / mbéarfadh sibh‡‡ bhéarfaidís;
bhéarfadh siad / mbéarfaidís‡‡;
mbéarfadh siad‡‡ 		a bhéarfadh /
a mbéarfadh* 		bhéarfaí / mbéarfa퇇
subjunctive present go mbeire mé;
go mbeiread† 		go mbeire tú;
go mbeirir† 		go mbeire sé, sí go mbeirimid;
go mbeire muid 		go mbeire sibh go mbeire siad;
go mbeirid† 		— go mbeirtear
past dá mbeirinn dá mbeirteá dá mbeireadh sé, sí dá mbeirimis;
dá mbeireadh muid 		dá mbeireadh sibh dá mbeiridís; dá mbeireadh siad — dá mbeirtí
imperative beirim beir beireadh sé, sí beirimis beirigí;
beiridh† 		beiridís — beirtear
verbal noun breith
past participle beirthe

*indirect relative
† dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

In Munster, past indicative forms built on the form riug are encountered:

Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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beir

  1. (literary, Munster) second-person singular future of bí
    Beir ana-shásta ansin.
    You will be very happy there.
Usage notes
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The modern standard form is the analytic construction beidh tú.

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
beir bheir mbeir
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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Old Irish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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beir

  1. second-person singular imperative of beirid

·beir

  1. third-person singular present conjunct of beirid

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
·beir ·beir
pronounced with /-β(ʲ)-/ 		·mbeir
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish beirid.

Verb

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beir (past rug, future beiridh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirte)

  1. to give birth to
  2. to carry, catch; catch up with; overtake; catch hold of [with air]

Conjugation

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Conjugation of beir (irregular)
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past rug mi rug thu rug e/i rug sinn rug sibh rug iad rugadh
future beiridh mi beiridh tu beiridh e/i beiridh sinn beiridh sibh beiridh iad beirear
conditional bheirinn bheireadh tu bheireadh e/i bheireadh sinn
bheireamaid 		bheireadh sibh bheireadh iad bheirte(adh)
bheirist(e)1
negative past cha do rug mi cha do rug thu cha do rug e/i cha do rug sinn cha do rug sibh cha do rug iad cha do rugadh
future cha bheir mi cha bheir thu cha bheir e/i cha bheir sinn cha bheir sibh cha bheir iad cha bheirear
conditional cha bheirinn cha bheireadh tu cha bheireadh e/i cha bheireadh sinn
cha bheireamaid 		cha bheireadh sibh cha bheireadh iad cha bheirte(adh)
cha bheirist(e)1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do rug mi? an do rug thu? an do rug e/i? an do rug sinn? an do rug sibh? an do rug iad? an do rugadh?
future am beir mi? am beir thu? am beir e/i? am beir sinn? am beir sibh? am beir iad? am beirear?
conditional am beirinn? am beireadh tu? am beireadh e/i? am beireadh sinn?
am beireamaid? 		am beireadh sibh? am beireadh iad? am beirte(adh)?
am beirist(e)?1
negative
interrogative 		past nach do rug mi? nach do rug tu? nach do rug e/i? nach do rug sinn? nach do rug sibh? nach do rug iad? nach do rugadh?
future nach beir mi? nach beir thu? nach beir e/i? nach beir sinn? nach beir sibh? nach beir iad? nach beirear?
conditional nach beirinn? nach beireadh tu? nach beireadh e/i? nach beireadh sinn?
nach beireamaid? 		nach beireadh sibh? nach beireadh iad? nach beirte(adh)?
nach beirist(e)?1
relative future (a) bheireas mi (a) bheireas tu (a) bheireas e/i (a) bheireas sinn (a) bheireas sibh (a) bheireas iad (a) bheirear
imperative beiream! beir! beireadh e/i! beireamaid! beiribh! beireadh iad! beirear!
verbal noun breith, beirsinn
past participle beirte

1 Lewis dialect form

References

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “beir”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

West Flemish

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch bēre, from Old Dutch *bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō.

Noun

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beir m (plural beirn)

  1. bear (large predatory mammal of the family Ursidae)
  2. (figurative) person who is physically impressive and/or crude

Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch bêer, from Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.

Noun

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beir m (plural beirn)

  1. boar (male swine)
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