diraddio
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Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]di- + gradd + -io, a calque of English degrade.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]diraddio (first-person singular present diraddiaf)
- to degrade (lower in value or social position; reduce in quality or purity)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | diraddiaf | direddi | diraddia | diraddiwn | direddiwch, diraddiwch | diraddiant | direddir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | diraddiwn | direddit | diraddiai | diraddiem | diraddiech | diraddient | direddid | |
| preterite | direddiais | direddiaist | diraddiodd | diraddiasom | diraddiasoch | diraddiasant | diraddiwyd | |
| pluperfect | diraddiaswn | diraddiasit | diraddiasai | diraddiasem | diraddiasech | diraddiasent | diraddiasid, diraddiesid | |
| present subjunctive | diraddiwyf | direddiech | diraddio | diraddiom | diraddioch | diraddiont | diraddier | |
| imperative | — | diraddia | diraddied | diraddiwn | direddiwch, diraddiwch | diraddient | diraddier | |
| verbal noun | diraddio | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | diraddiedig diraddiadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | diraddia i, diraddiaf i | diraddi di | diraddith o/e/hi, diraddiff e/hi | diraddiwn ni | diraddiwch chi | diraddian nhw |
| conditional | diraddiwn i, diraddswn i | diraddiet ti, diraddset ti | diraddiai fo/fe/hi, diraddsai fo/fe/hi | diraddien ni, diraddsen ni | diraddiech chi, diraddsech chi | diraddien nhw, diraddsen nhw |
| preterite | diraddiais i, diraddies i | diraddiaist ti, diraddiest ti | diraddiodd o/e/hi | diraddion ni | diraddioch chi | diraddion nhw |
| imperative | — | diraddia | — | — | diraddiwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- bioddiraddio (“to biodegrade”)
- diraddiad (“degradation”)
- diraddiadwy (“degradable”)
- diraddiedig, diraddiol (“degraded”)
Mutation
[edit]| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| diraddio | ddiraddio | niraddio | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “diraddio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies