dobrar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese dobrar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin dūplāre, present active infinitive of dūplō, from Latin dūplus. Compare Portuguese dobrar, Spanish doblar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /doˈβɾaɾ/

Verb

dobrar (first-person singular present dobro, first-person singular preterite dobrei, past participle dobrado)

1. (transitive) to double
2. (transitive) to fold, to bend over
   • c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 667:

     Et, desque o ouuerõ sacado, estaua o corpo tã yrto que se nõ dobraua a nenhũu cabo, et sua carne muy lĩpa et muy colorado, que semellaua viuo

     And, as soon as they took him out, the body was so stiff that it did not bend to any extent, and his flesh was very clean and colorful, to the point that he seemed alive

3. (transitive) to dub (replace a soundtrack with a synchronized translation)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of dobrar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	dobrar
Personal	dobrar	dobrares	dobrar	dobrarmos	dobrardes	dobraren
Gerund
	dobrando
Past participle
Masculine	dobrado			dobrados
Feminine	dobrada			dobradas
Indicative
Present	dobro	dobras	dobra	dobramos	dobrades	dobran
Imperfect	dobraba	dobrabas	dobraba	dobrabamos	dobrabades	dobraban
Preterite	dobrei	dobraches	dobrou	dobramos	dobrastes	dobraron
Pluperfect	dobrara	dobraras	dobrara	dobraramos	dobrarades	dobraran
Future	dobrarei	dobrarás	dobrará	dobraremos	dobraredes	dobrarán
Conditional	dobraría	dobrarías	dobraría	dobrariamos	dobrariades	dobrarían
Subjunctive
Present	dobre	dobres	dobre	dobremos	dobredes	dobren
Imperfect	dobrase	dobrases	dobrase	dobrásemos	dobrásedes	dobrasen
Future	dobrar	dobrares	dobrar	dobrarmos	dobrardes	dobraren
Imperative
Affirmative		dobra	dobre	dobremos	dobrade	dobren
Negative (non)		non dobres	non dobre	non dobremos	non dobredes	non dobren

    Reintegrated conjugation of dobrar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	dobrar
Personal	dobrar	dobrares	dobrar	dobrarmos	dobrardes	dobrarem
Gerund
	dobrando
Past participle
Masculine	dobrado			dobrados
Feminine	dobrada			dobradas
Indicative
Present	dobro	dobras	dobra	dobramos	dobrades, dobrais	dobram
Imperfect	dobrava	dobravas	dobrava	dobrávamos	dobrávades, dobráveis, dobrávais1	dobravam
Preterite	dobrei	dobraste, dobrache1	dobrou	dobramos	dobrastes	dobrárom, dobraram
Pluperfect	dobrara	dobraras	dobrara	dobráramos	dobrárades, dobráreis, dobrárais1	dobraram
Future	dobrarei	dobrarás	dobrará	dobraremos	dobraredes, dobrareis	dobrarám, dobrarão
Conditional	dobraria	dobrarias	dobraria	dobraríamos	dobraríades, dobraríeis, dobraríais1	dobrariam
Subjunctive
Present	dobre	dobres	dobre	dobremos	dobredes, dobreis	dobrem
Imperfect	dobrasse	dobrasses	dobrasse	dobrássemos	dobrássedes, dobrásseis	dobrassem
Future	dobrar	dobrares	dobrar	dobrarmos	dobrardes	dobrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		dobra	dobre	dobremos	dobrade, dobrai	dobrem
Negative (nom)		nom dobres	nom dobre	nom dobremos	nom dobredes, nom dobreis	nom dobrem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• dobra
• dobraxe

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “dobrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “dobra”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “dobrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “dobrar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Portuguese

Etymology

From Late Latin dūplāre, from Latin dūplus. Compare Spanish doblar, French doubler, Italian doppiare. Doublet of dublar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /doˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [doˈbɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /doˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [doˈbɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /doˈbɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /doˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [doˈbɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /doˈbɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /duˈbɾaɾ/ [duˈβɾaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /duˈbɾaɾ/ [duˈβɾaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /duˈbɾa.ɾi/ [duˈβɾa.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: do‧brar

Verb

dobrar (first-person singular present dobro, first-person singular preterite dobrei, past participle dobrado)

1. (transitive) to double, multiply by two
2. (transitive) to fold, bend over
3. (transitive) to increase, make larger
4. (transitive) to subdue, overcome, bring under control
5. (transitive, Portugal) to dub (replace a soundtrack with a synchronized translation)

   Synonym: (Brazil) dublar

6. (intransitive, Brazil) to turn (left or right)

   Por favor, dobre à direita. ― Please, turn right.

7. (reflexive) to bend (to become curved)

   Synonym: curvar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of dobrar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	dobrar
Personal	dobrar	dobrares	dobrar	dobrarmos	dobrardes	dobrarem
Gerund
	dobrando
Past participle
Masculine	dobrado			dobrados
Feminine	dobrada			dobradas
Indicative
Present	dobro	dobras	dobra	dobramos	dobrais	dobram
Imperfect	dobrava	dobravas	dobrava	dobrávamos	dobráveis	dobravam
Preterite	dobrei	dobraste	dobrou	dobramos1, dobrámos2	dobrastes	dobraram
Pluperfect	dobrara	dobraras	dobrara	dobráramos	dobráreis	dobraram
Future	dobrarei	dobrarás	dobrará	dobraremos	dobrareis	dobrarão
Conditional	dobraria	dobrarias	dobraria	dobraríamos	dobraríeis	dobrariam
Subjunctive
Present	dobre	dobres	dobre	dobremos	dobreis	dobrem
Imperfect	dobrasse	dobrasses	dobrasse	dobrássemos	dobrásseis	dobrassem
Future	dobrar	dobrares	dobrar	dobrarmos	dobrardes	dobrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		dobra	dobre	dobremos	dobrai	dobrem
Negative (não)		não dobres	não dobre	não dobremos	não dobreis	não dobrem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• dobradiça
• dobrador
• dobradura
• dobragem
• dobramento

 

Further reading

• “dobrar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “dobrar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
• “dobrar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “dobrar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “dobrar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “dobrar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024