excido

Latin

FWOTD – 4 October 2014

Etymology 1

From ex- +‎ cadō (“fall”).

Alternative forms

*excadē̆re (vulgar)
- excadō (Medieval Latin)

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈeks.ki.doː/, [ˈɛks̠kɪd̪oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈeks.t͡ʃi.do/, [ˈɛkst͡ʃid̪o]

Verb

excidō (present infinitive excidere, perfect active excidī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

to fall out, from or down, tumble to the ground, collapse, break down, drop
to fall out or from involuntarily, slip out, escape
to differ from someone's opinion, disagree with, dissent
to be lost or forgotten, pass away, perish, disappear
- 1st c. BC, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum :
  Perterriti voce et vultu confessi sunt [litteras] se accepisse sed excidisse in via.
  With a terrified voice and face they confessed that they did receive the letter but lost them on the road.
to lose oneself, fail; faint, swoon
to slip out, away or escape from memory, i.e. forget
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.25–26:
  necdum etiam causae īrārum saevīque dolōrēs exciderant animō.
  Nor even now had the causes of [Juno’s] anger and bitter sorrows slipped from her mind.
(with ablative) to be deprived of, miss, fail to obtain, forfeit, lose

Conjugation

Conjugation of excidō (third conjugation, no supine stem, active-only)

indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	excidō	excidis	excidit	excidimus	exciditis	excidunt
	imperfect	excidēbam	excidēbās	excidēbat	excidēbāmus	excidēbātis	excidēbant
	future	excidam	excidēs	excidet	excidēmus	excidētis	excident
	perfect	excidī	excidistī	excidit	excidimus	excidistis	excidērunt, excidēre
	pluperfect	excideram	exciderās	exciderat	exciderāmus	exciderātis	exciderant
	future perfect	exciderō	excideris	exciderit	exciderimus	excideritis	exciderint
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	excidam	excidās	excidat	excidāmus	excidātis	excidant
	imperfect	exciderem	exciderēs	excideret	exciderēmus	exciderētis	exciderent
	perfect	exciderim	exciderīs	exciderit	exciderīmus	exciderītis	exciderint
	pluperfect	excidissem	excidissēs	excidisset	excidissēmus	excidissētis	excidissent
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	excide	—	—	excidite	—
active	future	—	exciditō	exciditō	—	exciditōte	exciduntō
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		excidere	excidisse	—	—	—	—
participles		excidēns	—	—	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		excidendī	excidendō	excidendum	excidendō	—	—

Related terms

Etymology 2

From ex- +‎ caedō (“cut; strike”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /eksˈkiː.doː/, [ɛks̠ˈkiːd̪oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /eksˈt͡ʃi.do/, [eksˈt͡ʃiːd̪o]

Verb

excīdō (present infinitive excīdere, perfect active excīdī, supine excīsum); third conjugation

to cut or hew out, off, or down
excīdō virīlitātem ― I castrate, geld
to raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy
(figuratively) to extirpate, remove, banish
(in a quarry) to cut out, hollow out, excavate

Conjugation

Conjugation of excīdō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	excīdō	excīdis	excīdit	excīdimus	excīditis	excīdunt
	imperfect	excīdēbam	excīdēbās	excīdēbat	excīdēbāmus	excīdēbātis	excīdēbant
	future	excīdam	excīdēs	excīdet	excīdēmus	excīdētis	excīdent
	perfect	excīdī	excīdistī	excīdit	excīdimus	excīdistis	excīdērunt, excīdēre
	pluperfect	excīderam	excīderās	excīderat	excīderāmus	excīderātis	excīderant
	future perfect	excīderō	excīderis	excīderit	excīderimus	excīderitis	excīderint
passive	present	excīdor	excīderis, excīdere	excīditur	excīdimur	excīdiminī	excīduntur
	imperfect	excīdēbar	excīdēbāris, excīdēbāre	excīdēbātur	excīdēbāmur	excīdēbāminī	excīdēbantur
	future	excīdar	excīdēris, excīdēre	excīdētur	excīdēmur	excīdēminī	excīdentur
	perfect	excīsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	excīsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	excīsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	excīdam	excīdās	excīdat	excīdāmus	excīdātis	excīdant
	imperfect	excīderem	excīderēs	excīderet	excīderēmus	excīderētis	excīderent
	perfect	excīderim	excīderīs	excīderit	excīderīmus	excīderītis	excīderint
	pluperfect	excīdissem	excīdissēs	excīdisset	excīdissēmus	excīdissētis	excīdissent
passive	present	excīdar	excīdāris, excīdāre	excīdātur	excīdāmur	excīdāminī	excīdantur
	imperfect	excīderer	excīderēris, excīderēre	excīderētur	excīderēmur	excīderēminī	excīderentur
	perfect	excīsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	excīsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	excīde	—	—	excīdite	—
active	future	—	excīditō	excīditō	—	excīditōte	excīduntō
passive	present	—	excīdere	—	—	excīdiminī	—
passive	future	—	excīditor	excīditor	—	—	excīduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		excīdere	excīdisse	excīsūrum esse	excīdī	excīsum esse	excīsum īrī
participles		excīdēns	—	excīsūrus	—	excīsus	excīdendus, excīdundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		excīdendī	excīdendō	excīdendum	excīdendō	excīsum	excīsū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

→ English: excide, excise
→ French: exciser

References

“excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
- the recollection of a thing has been entirely lost: memoria alicuius rei excidit, abiit, abolevit
- no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
excido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “excidentia, excidere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 388/1