fagy
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Ugric *paĺɜ (“icecrust, frost; to freeze”). Cognates include Northern Mansi по̄люӈкве (pōlûňkve, “to freeze”). For earlier proposed cognates such as Finnish palaa (“to burn”),[1] see fal (“to devour”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]fagy (countable and uncountable, plural fagyok)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | fagy | fagyok |
accusative | fagyot | fagyokat |
dative | fagynak | fagyoknak |
instrumental | faggyal | fagyokkal |
causal-final | fagyért | fagyokért |
translative | faggyá | fagyokká |
terminative | fagyig | fagyokig |
essive-formal | fagyként | fagyokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | fagyban | fagyokban |
superessive | fagyon | fagyokon |
adessive | fagynál | fagyoknál |
illative | fagyba | fagyokba |
sublative | fagyra | fagyokra |
allative | fagyhoz | fagyokhoz |
elative | fagyból | fagyokból |
delative | fagyról | fagyokról |
ablative | fagytól | fagyoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
fagyé | fagyoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
fagyéi | fagyokéi |
Possessive forms of fagy | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | fagyom | fagyaim |
2nd person sing. | fagyod | fagyaid |
3rd person sing. | fagya | fagyai |
1st person plural | fagyunk | fagyaink |
2nd person plural | fagyotok | fagyaitok |
3rd person plural | fagyuk | fagyaik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
Verb
[edit]fagy
- (intransitive) to freeze
- halálra fagy ― freeze to death
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of fagy
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | fagyok | fagysz | fagy | fagyunk | fagytok | fagynak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | fagytam | fagytál | fagyott | fagytunk | fagytatok | fagytak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. fagyni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | fagyék | fagyál | fagya | fagyánk | fagyátok | fagyának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. fagy vala, fagyott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | fagyandok | fagyandasz | fagyand | fagyandunk | fagyandotok | fagyandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | fagynék | fagynál | fagyna | fagynánk | fagynátok | fagynának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. fagyott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | fagyjak | fagyj or fagyjál |
fagyjon | fagyjunk | fagyjatok | fagyjanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. fagyott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | fagyni | fagynom | fagynod | fagynia | fagynunk | fagynotok | fagyniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
fagyás | fagyó | fagyott | ― | fagyva (fagyván) | fagyaszt | ||||
potential conjugation of fagy
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | fagyhatok | fagyhatsz | fagyhat | fagyhatunk | fagyhattok | fagyhatnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | fagyhattam | fagyhattál | fagyhatott | fagyhattunk | fagyhattatok | fagyhattak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | fagyhaték | fagyhatál | fagyhata | fagyhatánk | fagyhatátok | fagyhatának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. fagyhat vala, fagyhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | fagyhatandok or fagyandhatok |
fagyhatandasz or fagyandhatsz |
fagyhatand or fagyandhat |
fagyhatandunk or fagyandhatunk |
fagyhatandotok or fagyandhattok |
fagyhatandanak or fagyandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | fagyhatnék | fagyhatnál | fagyhatna | fagyhatnánk | fagyhatnátok | fagyhatnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. fagyhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | fagyhassak | fagyhass or fagyhassál |
fagyhasson | fagyhassunk | fagyhassatok | fagyhassanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. fagyhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (fagyhatni) | (fagyhatnom) | (fagyhatnod) | (fagyhatnia) | (fagyhatnunk) | (fagyhatnotok) | (fagyhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (fagyhatva / fagyhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
References
[edit]- ^ Entry #700 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
[edit]- (to freeze): fagy in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (frost): fagy in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- fagy in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Categories:
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒɟ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒɟ/1 syllable
- Hungarian countable and uncountable nouns
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian three-letter words