harðr
Appearance
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *harduz, whence also Old English heard, Old Frisian herd, Old Saxon hard, Old Dutch hart, Old High German hart, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kert-, *kret- (“strong; powerful”).
Adjective
[edit]harðr
Declension
[edit] Strong declension of harðr
Weak declension of harðr
Declension of comparative of harðr
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | harðari | harðari | harðara |
accusative | harðara | harðari | harðara |
dative | harðara | harðari | harðara |
genitive | harðara | harðari | harðara |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | harðari | harðari | harðari |
accusative | harðari | harðari | harðari |
dative | hǫrðurum | hǫrðurum | hǫrðurum |
genitive | harðari | harðari | harðari |
Strong declension of superlative of harðr
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | harðastr | hǫrðust | harðast |
accusative | harðastan | harðasta | harðast |
dative | hǫrðustum | harðastri | hǫrðustu |
genitive | harðasts | harðastrar | harðasts |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | harðastir | harðastar | hǫrðust |
accusative | harðasta | harðastar | hǫrðust |
dative | hǫrðustum | hǫrðustum | hǫrðustum |
genitive | harðastra | harðastra | harðastra |
Weak declension of superlative of harðr
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | harðasti | harðasta | harðasta |
accusative | harðasta | hǫrðustu | harðasta |
dative | harðasta | hǫrðustu | harðasta |
genitive | harðasta | hǫrðustu | harðasta |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | hǫrðustu | hǫrðustu | hǫrðustu |
accusative | hǫrðustu | hǫrðustu | hǫrðustu |
dative | hǫrðustum | hǫrðustum | hǫrðustum |
genitive | hǫrðustu | hǫrðustu | hǫrðustu |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: harður
- Faroese: harður
- Norwegian: hard; (dialectal) hard’u, hard’e
- → Norwegian Bokmål: hard
- Old Swedish: harþer
- Swedish: hård
- Danish: hård
- Norwegian Bokmål: hård
References
[edit]- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic[1], Oxford: Clarendon Press