hosua

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *hosudak (compare Karelian hosuo and dialectal Estonian õsuma (“to reap grain with a scythe”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhosuɑˣ/, [ˈho̞s̠uɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -osuɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ho‧sua

Verb

hosua

1. (intransitive) to rush (to perform a task with great haste, with a suggestion of carelessness)
2. (dialectal) to swing, flail

Conjugation

Inflection of hosua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hosun	en hosu	1st sing.	olen hosunut	en ole hosunut
2nd sing.		hosut	et hosu	2nd sing.	olet hosunut	et ole hosunut
3rd sing.		hosuu	ei hosu	3rd sing.	on hosunut	ei ole hosunut
1st plur.		hosumme	emme hosu	1st plur.	olemme hosuneet	emme ole hosuneet
2nd plur.		hosutte	ette hosu	2nd plur.	olette hosuneet	ette ole hosuneet
3rd plur.		hosuvat	eivät hosu	3rd plur.	ovat hosuneet	eivät ole hosuneet
passive		hosutaan	ei hosuta	passive	on hosuttu	ei ole hosuttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hosuin	en hosunut	1st sing.	olin hosunut	en ollut hosunut
2nd sing.		hosuit	et hosunut	2nd sing.	olit hosunut	et ollut hosunut
3rd sing.		hosui	ei hosunut	3rd sing.	oli hosunut	ei ollut hosunut
1st plur.		hosuimme	emme hosuneet	1st plur.	olimme hosuneet	emme olleet hosuneet
2nd plur.		hosuitte	ette hosuneet	2nd plur.	olitte hosuneet	ette olleet hosuneet
3rd plur.		hosuivat	eivät hosuneet	3rd plur.	olivat hosuneet	eivät olleet hosuneet
passive		hosuttiin	ei hosuttu	passive	oli hosuttu	ei ollut hosuttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hosuisin	en hosuisi	1st sing.	olisin hosunut	en olisi hosunut
2nd sing.		hosuisit	et hosuisi	2nd sing.	olisit hosunut	et olisi hosunut
3rd sing.		hosuisi	ei hosuisi	3rd sing.	olisi hosunut	ei olisi hosunut
1st plur.		hosuisimme	emme hosuisi	1st plur.	olisimme hosuneet	emme olisi hosuneet
2nd plur.		hosuisitte	ette hosuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte hosuneet	ette olisi hosuneet
3rd plur.		hosuisivat	eivät hosuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat hosuneet	eivät olisi hosuneet
passive		hosuttaisiin	ei hosuttaisi	passive	olisi hosuttu	ei olisi hosuttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		hosu	älä hosu	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		hosukoon	älköön hosuko	3rd sing.	olkoon hosunut	älköön olko hosunut
1st plur.		hosukaamme	älkäämme hosuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		hosukaa	älkää hosuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		hosukoot	älkööt hosuko	3rd plur.	olkoot hosuneet	älkööt olko hosuneet
passive		hosuttakoon	älköön hosuttako	passive	olkoon hosuttu	älköön olko hosuttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hosunen	en hosune	1st sing.	lienen hosunut	en liene hosunut
2nd sing.		hosunet	et hosune	2nd sing.	lienet hosunut	et liene hosunut
3rd sing.		hosunee	ei hosune	3rd sing.	lienee hosunut	ei liene hosunut
1st plur.		hosunemme	emme hosune	1st plur.	lienemme hosuneet	emme liene hosuneet
2nd plur.		hosunette	ette hosune	2nd plur.	lienette hosuneet	ette liene hosuneet
3rd plur.		hosunevat	eivät hosune	3rd plur.	lienevät hosuneet	eivät liene hosuneet
passive		hosuttaneen	ei hosuttane	passive	lienee hosuttu	ei liene hosuttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		hosua		present	hosuva	hosuttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hosuakseni hosuaksemme 2nd hosuaksesi hosuaksenne 3rd hosuakseen hosuaksensa		past	hosunut	hosuttu
2nd	inessive2	hosuessa	hosuttaessa	agent4	hosuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hosuessani hosuessamme 2nd hosuessasi hosuessanne 3rd hosuessaan hosuessansa		negative	hosumaton
	instructive	hosuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	hosumassa	—
	elative	hosumasta	—
	illative	hosumaan	—
	adessive	hosumalla	—
	abessive	hosumatta	—
	instructive	hosuman	hosuttaman
4th3	verbal noun	hosuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hosumaisillani hosumaisillamme 2nd hosumaisillasi hosumaisillanne 3rd hosumaisillaan hosumaisillansa

Derived terms

• hosu
• hosuminen

 

Descendants

• → Swedish: håsa

Further reading

• “hosua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhosuɑ/, [ˈho̞s̠uɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -osuɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ho‧sua

Noun

hosua

1. partitive singular of hosu