laurus

See also: Laurus

Latin

Alternative forms

daurus (laurel)

Etymology

From Old Latin dacrus. Related to Ancient Greek δάφνη (dáphnē, “laurel”), whence also the given name Δάφνη (Dáphnē), which Beekes derives from *dakʷ-(n-). Possibly related to Latin lacrima, dacrima and Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), themselves from *dáḱru- and this from *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru-, referring to the shape of flowers, although this is uncertain.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈlau̯.rus/, [ˈɫ̪äu̯rʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈlau̯.rus/, [ˈläːu̯rus]

Noun

laurus f (genitive laurī); second declension

laurel tree
(metonymically) laurels; a crown of laurel

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	laurus	laurī
genitive	laurī	laurōrum
dative	laurō	laurīs
accusative	laurum	laurōs
ablative	laurō	laurīs
vocative	laure	laurī

Synonyms

(laurel tree): laurea
(crown of laurel): laurea

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Balkan Romance:
- Megleno-Romanian: laur
- Romanian: laur
Italo-Romance:
- Central Italian: lauru, lauro, làvoro
- Corsican: addoru
- Italian: alloro
- Neapolitan: lauro, làvoro
- Sicilian: aḍḍauru, lauru
Padanian:
- Lombard: laur
- Piedmontese: làuro, laur
- ⇒ Venetan: lavranèr, vialoro, doraro
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- >? Franco-Provençal: lôro (Valdôtain)
- Old French: lor
- Old Lorrain: loir
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Old Catalan: lor
  - Catalan: llor, llort
- Old Occitan: laur
  - Occitan: laur (Rouergue)
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: lloru
- Old Galician-Portuguese: louro
  - Galician: louro
  - Portuguese: louro, loiro
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: laru, lau, lavru
→ Albanian: lar
→ Asturian: lauro (learned)
→ Esperanto: laŭro
→ Italian: lauro (learned)
→ Polish: laur (learned)
→ Portuguese: lauro (learned)
→ Old Irish:
- Manx: laurys
- Scottish Gaelic: labhrais
→? Proto-Brythonic: *llọrɨβ̃
- Welsh: llawryf
→ Proto-West Germanic: *laur (see there for further descendants)
→ Sicilian: lauru (learned)
→ Spanish: lauro (learned)

Unsorted borrowings:

→ Latvian: laurs
→ Lithuanian: laurų
→ Samogitian: lauros
→ West Slavic:
- Czech: vavřín
- Polish: wawrzyn
- Slovak: vavrín
- Lower Sorbian: ławrjeńc
- Upper Sorbian: ławrjenc
- → Hungarian: babér
- → Samogitian: babka, bakos
→ East and South Slavic:
- Belarusian: лаўр (laŭr)
- Bulgarian: лавър (lavǎr), лавров (lavrov)
- Bosnian: lovor
- Croatian: lovor
- Macedonian: лавор (lavor)
- Russian: лавр (lavr) (see there for further descendants)
- Serbo-Croatian: lovor, lovorika
  - Pannonian Rusyn: ловор (lovor)
- Slovene: lovor
- Ukrainian: лавр (lavr)

References

AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 598: “l'alloro” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “laurus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 208