mitis
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from Latin mitis (“mild”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mitis (uncountable)
- (attributive) A process for producing malleable iron castings by melting wrought iron, to which from 0.05 to 0.1 per cent of aluminum is added to lower the melting point, usually in a petroleum furnace, keeping the molten metal at the bubbling point until it becomes quiet, and then pouring the molten metal into a mold lined with a special mixture consisting essentially of molasses and ground burnt fire clay.
- The malleable iron produced by this technique.
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Of unclear origin, with multiple competing theories.
The prevailing etymology connects Old Irish méth (“plump, fat”), Welsh mwyd (“act of soaking”), Welsh mwydion (“soft parts”) (from Proto-Celtic *mētos (“soft, plump”)); Old Irish mín (“soft; gentle, smooth; mild, tender, calm”) (Proto-Celtic *mīnis); and Old Irish moíth (“soft, tender”) (Proto-Celtic *moytos), together from Proto-Indo-European *meyh₁- (“mild, soft”). Other potential Indo-European cognates also point to a meaning like “pleasant”: Sanskrit मयस् (máyas, “pleasure, enjoyment, refreshment”), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (maiiah, “pleasure”), Proto-Slavic *mìlъ (“soft, mild, gentle, agreeable, pleasant, sweet, dear”), Lithuanian mielas (“nice, sweet, cute”), Latvian mīls (“dear, cherished, beloved”), Old Prussian mijls (“dear”).[1][2] De Vaan suggests that the root *meyh₁- is actually *meh₁i-, being originally an extension of *meh₁- (“to measure”).[3]
Alternatively, Oettinger compares Hittite 𒈠𒀀𒄿𒀭𒍣 (ma-a-i-an-zi, “to grow (up); to prosper”), reconstructing Proto-Indo-European *meyH- (“to ripen”); Kloekhorst rejects this on both semantic and formal grounds.[4]
Plötz suggests it to be a zero-grade extension of the prohibitive particle *meh₁i, specifically labeling it a derivative from *mh₁i-tis.[5]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈmiː.tis/, [ˈmiːt̪ɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈmi.tis/, [ˈmiːt̪is]
Adjective
[edit]mītis (neuter mīte, comparative mītior, superlative mītissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective
- mild, mellow, mature, ripe; sweet, juicy, succulent
- (of the soil) light, fruitful, mellow.
- (of a river) calm, gentle, placid
- (of the weather) peaceful, pleasant, clement, calm
- Synonyms: misericors, tranquillus, placidus, quietus, clemens
- Antonyms: violēns, obstreperus, clāmātōrius, trux, ferōx, atrōx, silvāticus, ācer
- (figuratively) soft, tolerable, meek, peaceful, gentle, mild
Declension
[edit]Third-declension two-termination adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | mītis | mīte | mītēs | mītia | |
Genitive | mītis | mītium | |||
Dative | mītī | mītibus | |||
Accusative | mītem | mīte | mītēs mītīs |
mītia | |
Ablative | mītī | mītibus | |||
Vocative | mītis | mīte | mītēs | mītia |
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “sweet, mellow, soft; peaceful”): immītis
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “mitis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “mitis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- mitis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Oettinger, Norbert (1979) Die Stammbildung des hethitischen Verbums (Erlanger Beiträge zur Sprach- und Kunstwissenschaft; 64), Nürnberg, page 471
- Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 244
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “mēto-, *mēti-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 270
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “moyto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 279
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mītis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383
- ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “mai-i / mi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 540–541
- ^ Plötz, O. (2017). The (PIE?) prohibitive particle *mē: soft approaches. Vienna: 3rd Indo-European colloquium. Pg 3.
Volapük
[edit]Noun
[edit]mitis
- accusative plural of mit
- English terms derived from Latin
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations
- Latin terms with quotations
- la:Personality
- Volapük non-lemma forms
- Volapük noun forms