pidama

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See also: pidämä

Estonian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *pitädäk.

Verb

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pidama (da-infinitive pidada)

  1. to keep, to hold
    Lauda pidas vaid üks nael.
    Only a single nail held the table.
  2. to keep, to maintain
    Ta oskab tempot pidada.
    He can keep his tempo.
  3. to keep back, to hold back
    Jaan tahtis jubedalt kakelda, aga sai veel pidama.
    Jaan really wanted to fight, but he managed to hold himself back.
  4. to stay
    Rinne jäi tükiks ajaks Riia alla pidama.
    The front stayed at Riga for a while.
  5. to raise, to have (livestock, slaves)
    Me oleme kolmkümmend aastat juba kanu pidanud.
    We've raised chickens for 30 years already.
  6. to deliver, to conduct
    Ta hakkab kohe oma kõnet pidama.
    He's gonna start delivering his speech.
  7. to celebrate
    Ammu pole jaanipäeva peetud.
    We haven't celebrated St. John's day in a while.
  8. to consider (governs the translative)
    Mõni hull peab end Hiina keisriks.
    Some lunatics consider themselves the Emperor of China.
Usage notes
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Often used in phrasal verbs.

Inflection
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Finnic *pitädäk.

Verb

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pidama (da-infinitive pidada)

  1. to have to, must (governs the -ma infinitive)
    Me peame ruttu varjualuse leidma.
    We have to find shelter, quickly.
  2. to plan to, to want to
    Pidite ju Pärnu sõitma?
    Didn't you plan on driving to Pärnu?
  3. should (with conditional)
    See peaks sobima küll.
    This should fit.
Usage notes
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The imperative is completely replaced by the present indicative forms.

Conjugation
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Further reading

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  • pidama in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
  • pidama”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009