sigma

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See also: Sigma

English

Ancient Greek Alphabet

rho

tau
Σ σ ς
Ancient Greek: σίγμα
Wikipedia article on sigma

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma), σίγμα (sígma), probably from the root sig- as seen in σίζω (sízō) (< sig-yo "to hiss") + -μα (-ma). [1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsɪɡmə/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪɡmə

Noun

sigma (plural sigmas or sigmata)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabets (Σ,  σ), the twentieth letter of Old and Ancient.
    • "Herodotus: On The Customs of the Persians", I.139:
      Their names, which are expressive of some bodily or mental excellence, all end with the same letter---the letter which is called San by the Dorians, and Sigma by the Ionians.
  2. (mathematics) The symbol Σ, used to indicate summation of a set or series.
  3. (statistics) The symbol σ, used to indicate one standard deviation from the mean, particularly in a normal distribution.
    • 2011, Paul Rincon, (bbc.co.uk) LHC: Higgs boson 'may have been glimpsed'
      None of the spikes seen by the experiments is at much more than the "two sigma" level of certainty.
      A level of "five sigma" is required to claim a discovery, meaning there is less than a one in a million chance the data spike is down to a statistical fluke.
  4. (Internet slang) A sigma male (a self-reliant and assertive male).

Derived terms

Translations

References

  1. ^ Woodard, Roger D. (2006). "Alphabet". In Wilson, Nigel Guy. Encyclopedia of ancient Greece. London: Routldedge. p. 38.
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1328

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin sigma.

Pronunciation

Noun

sigma f (plural sigmes)

  1. Sigma; the Greek letter Σ (lowercase σ or ς)
  2. (anatomy) sigmoid colon

Derived terms

Further reading

Czech

Noun

sigma n or f

  1. sigma

Declension

when feminine:

Indeclinable when neuter.

Dutch

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsɪx.maː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: sig‧ma

Noun

sigma f (plural sigma's, diminutive sigmaatje n)

  1. sigma (letter of the Greek alphabet)

Derived terms

Further reading

Finnish

Etymology

< Ancient Greek σίγμα (sígma)

Greek letter
Σσ Previous: rhoo
Next: tau
Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsiɡmɑ/, [ˈs̠iɡmɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -iɡmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): sig‧ma

Noun

sigma

  1. sigma (Greek letter)
  2. (Internet slang, neologism, often humorous) Short for sigma-uros.

Declension

Inflection of sigma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative sigma sigmat
genitive sigman sigmojen
partitive sigmaa sigmoja
illative sigmaan sigmoihin
singular plural
nominative sigma sigmat
accusative nom. sigma sigmat
gen. sigman
genitive sigman sigmojen
sigmain rare
partitive sigmaa sigmoja
inessive sigmassa sigmoissa
elative sigmasta sigmoista
illative sigmaan sigmoihin
adessive sigmalla sigmoilla
ablative sigmalta sigmoilta
allative sigmalle sigmoille
essive sigmana sigmoina
translative sigmaksi sigmoiksi
abessive sigmatta sigmoitta
instructive sigmoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of sigma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sigmani sigmani
accusative nom. sigmani sigmani
gen. sigmani
genitive sigmani sigmojeni
sigmaini rare
partitive sigmaani sigmojani
inessive sigmassani sigmoissani
elative sigmastani sigmoistani
illative sigmaani sigmoihini
adessive sigmallani sigmoillani
ablative sigmaltani sigmoiltani
allative sigmalleni sigmoilleni
essive sigmanani sigmoinani
translative sigmakseni sigmoikseni
abessive sigmattani sigmoittani
instructive
comitative sigmoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sigmasi sigmasi
accusative nom. sigmasi sigmasi
gen. sigmasi
genitive sigmasi sigmojesi
sigmaisi rare
partitive sigmaasi sigmojasi
inessive sigmassasi sigmoissasi
elative sigmastasi sigmoistasi
illative sigmaasi sigmoihisi
adessive sigmallasi sigmoillasi
ablative sigmaltasi sigmoiltasi
allative sigmallesi sigmoillesi
essive sigmanasi sigmoinasi
translative sigmaksesi sigmoiksesi
abessive sigmattasi sigmoittasi
instructive
comitative sigmoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sigmamme sigmamme
accusative nom. sigmamme sigmamme
gen. sigmamme
genitive sigmamme sigmojemme
sigmaimme rare
partitive sigmaamme sigmojamme
inessive sigmassamme sigmoissamme
elative sigmastamme sigmoistamme
illative sigmaamme sigmoihimme
adessive sigmallamme sigmoillamme
ablative sigmaltamme sigmoiltamme
allative sigmallemme sigmoillemme
essive sigmanamme sigmoinamme
translative sigmaksemme sigmoiksemme
abessive sigmattamme sigmoittamme
instructive
comitative sigmoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sigmanne sigmanne
accusative nom. sigmanne sigmanne
gen. sigmanne
genitive sigmanne sigmojenne
sigmainne rare
partitive sigmaanne sigmojanne
inessive sigmassanne sigmoissanne
elative sigmastanne sigmoistanne
illative sigmaanne sigmoihinne
adessive sigmallanne sigmoillanne
ablative sigmaltanne sigmoiltanne
allative sigmallenne sigmoillenne
essive sigmananne sigmoinanne
translative sigmaksenne sigmoiksenne
abessive sigmattanne sigmoittanne
instructive
comitative sigmoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative sigmansa sigmansa
accusative nom. sigmansa sigmansa
gen. sigmansa
genitive sigmansa sigmojensa
sigmainsa rare
partitive sigmaansa sigmojaan
sigmojansa
inessive sigmassaan
sigmassansa
sigmoissaan
sigmoissansa
elative sigmastaan
sigmastansa
sigmoistaan
sigmoistansa
illative sigmaansa sigmoihinsa
adessive sigmallaan
sigmallansa
sigmoillaan
sigmoillansa
ablative sigmaltaan
sigmaltansa
sigmoiltaan
sigmoiltansa
allative sigmalleen
sigmallensa
sigmoilleen
sigmoillensa
essive sigmanaan
sigmanansa
sigmoinaan
sigmoinansa
translative sigmakseen
sigmaksensa
sigmoikseen
sigmoiksensa
abessive sigmattaan
sigmattansa
sigmoittaan
sigmoittansa
instructive
comitative sigmoineen
sigmoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

Further reading

French

Pronunciation

Noun

sigma m (plural sigma)

  1. sigma (Greek letter)

Further reading

Icelandic

Noun

sigma f (genitive singular sigmu, nominative plural sigmur)

  1. sigma (Greek letter)

Declension

    Declension of sigma
f-w1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sigma sigman sigmur sigmurnar
accusative sigmu sigmuna sigmur sigmurnar
dative sigmu sigmunni sigmum sigmunum
genitive sigmu sigmunnar sigma sigmanna

Italian

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma), σίγμα (sígma).

Pronunciation

Noun

sigma m or f (invariable)

  1. sigma, specifically:
    1. the name of the Greek-script letter Σ/σ, ς
    2. (mathematics) the symbol Σ, used to indicate summation of a set or series
    3. (statistics) the symbol σ, used to indicate one standard deviation from the mean, specifically in a normal distribution

Derived terms

Noun

sigma m (invariable)

  1. (anatomy) sigmoid colon

Anagrams

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma), from Phoenician 𐤔 (š‬ /⁠šīn⁠/).

Pronunciation

Noun

sigma f

  1. sigma (Greek letter Σ, σ/ς)
  2. (mathematics) sigma (symbol Σ, used to indicate summation of a set or series)

Declension

Further reading

  • sigma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈsi.ɡi.mɐ/, /ˈsiɡ.mɐ/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈsiɡ.ma/, /ˈsi.ɡi.ma/

Noun

sigma m (plural sigmas)

  1. sigma (name of the Greek letter Σ, σ)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma) or French sigma.

Noun

sigma m (plural sigma)

  1. sigma (Greek letter)

Declension

Spanish

Pronunciation

Noun

sigma f (plural sigmas)

  1. sigma; the Greek letter Σ, σ

Further reading