tourner

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French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French tourner, from Old French torner, from Latin tornāre (“turn”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /tuʁ.ne/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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tourner

  1. to turn (left, right etc.)
  2. to stir (e.g. ingredients)
  3. to tour, to go on tour
  4. (film) to film, to shoot a film
  5. (computing, transitive, intransitive) to run, to execute (a program, an application etc.)
    Faire tourner un programme sur son ordinateur.
    To run a program on one's computer.
  6. to lathe
  7. to go bad (food)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of tourner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple tourner
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple tournant
/tuʁ.nɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle tourné
/tuʁ.ne/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tourne
/tuʁn/ 		tournes
/tuʁn/ 		tourne
/tuʁn/ 		tournons
/tuʁ.nɔ̃/ 		tournez
/tuʁ.ne/ 		tournent
/tuʁn/
imperfect tournais
/tuʁ.nɛ/ 		tournais
/tuʁ.nɛ/ 		tournait
/tuʁ.nɛ/ 		tournions
/tuʁ.njɔ̃/ 		tourniez
/tuʁ.nje/ 		tournaient
/tuʁ.nɛ/
past historic2 tournai
/tuʁ.ne/ 		tournas
/tuʁ.na/ 		tourna
/tuʁ.na/ 		tournâmes
/tuʁ.nam/ 		tournâtes
/tuʁ.nat/ 		tournèrent
/tuʁ.nɛʁ/
future tournerai
/tuʁ.nə.ʁe/ 		tourneras
/tuʁ.nə.ʁa/ 		tournera
/tuʁ.nə.ʁa/ 		tournerons
/tuʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ 		tournerez
/tuʁ.nə.ʁe/ 		tourneront
/tuʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/
conditional tournerais
/tuʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ 		tournerais
/tuʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ 		tournerait
/tuʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ 		tournerions
/tuʁ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		tourneriez
/tuʁ.nə.ʁje/ 		tourneraient
/tuʁ.nə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tourne
/tuʁn/ 		tournes
/tuʁn/ 		tourne
/tuʁn/ 		tournions
/tuʁ.njɔ̃/ 		tourniez
/tuʁ.nje/ 		tournent
/tuʁn/
imperfect2 tournasse
/tuʁ.nas/ 		tournasses
/tuʁ.nas/ 		tournât
/tuʁ.na/ 		tournassions
/tuʁ.na.sjɔ̃/ 		tournassiez
/tuʁ.na.sje/ 		tournassent
/tuʁ.nas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — tourne
/tuʁn/ 		— tournons
/tuʁ.nɔ̃/ 		tournez
/tuʁ.ne/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Spanish: turnar
  • ⇒ Italian: turno

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French torner.

Verb

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tourner

  1. (intransitive) to turn (to rotate)
  2. (intransitive) to return (to go back)
  3. (tourner a) to turn into; to change into

Conjugation

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  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of tourner
infinitive simple tourner
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple tournant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle tourné
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tourne tournes tourne tournons tournez tournent
imperfect tournois, tournoys tournois, tournoys tournoit, tournoyt tournions, tournyons tourniez, tournyez tournoient, tournoyent
past historic tourna tournas tourna tournasmes tournastes tournerent
future tournerai, tourneray tourneras tournera tournerons tournerez tourneront
conditional tournerois, tourneroys tournerois, tourneroys tourneroit, tourneroyt tournerions, tourneryons tourneriez, tourneryez tourneroient, tourneroyent
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tourne tournes tourne tournons tournez tournent
imperfect tournasse tournasses tournast tournassions tournassiez tournassent
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — tourne — tournons tournez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

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References

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  • tourner on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Walloon

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Etymology

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From Old French torner, from Latin tornō, tornāre, from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “carpenter's tool for drawing a circle; turning lathe”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tourner

  1. (intransitive) to turn
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