The world is not just connected; it is hyper-connected. The global flow of ideas, technology, and... more The world is not just connected; it is hyper-connected. The global flow of ideas, technology, and people are at unmatched levels in history. More classrooms are becoming cosmopolitan centers composed of students with multicultural backgrounds. However, United States public education in this hyper-connected world puts emphasis on standardization and accountability. By doing so, schools driven by federal initiatives fail in helping students to become worldly citizens. Students and teachers are derived of room for creativity or new multicultural possibilities. Hence, this paper intends to develop a theoretical framework for curriculum in the hyper-connected world, aptly named “hyper-curriculum.”
Abstract This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique... more Abstract This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique potentials and pursue inner directions. With this assumption, we critique the inadequacy of the current emphasis on standardisation and provide a theoretical framework for teacher education based on humanistic psychology. Three tenets of humanistic psychology, which we argue are helpful for teacher education, are discussed: (1) emphasis on relationship, (2) space for creativity, and (3) importance of meaning-making. That is, we argue that prospective teachers should be given opportunities to experience empathy and congruence, to practice creativity, and to start the journey of finding meanings of their experiences and teaching. As examples that put the tenets into practice, we discuss a field-based teacher education programme and a college programme that promotes pro-social activities with displaced children.
This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampa... more This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampancy of anxiety affecting youth in the United States. This paper intends to explore the phenomena of anxiety and discuss how it could be perceived as an opportunity for growth if approached in a constructive way. Specifically, we argue that youth need to be able to meet their inner self in the phenomena of anxiety in an empowering way, rather than unconsciously fleeting its destructive affects.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of lonelines... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of loneliness and argues that it is relevant and applicable to engaging displaced children.Design/methodology/approachThe number of youth compulsorily displaced has reached record levels in the world's history. Loneliness may be a pervading element in the displaced child's life. This paper argues that those working with children have the ability to empower displaced children with the existential lonely experience.FindingsStrategies regarding how to initially engage the displaced child are discussed as a means to help the child enter the existential lonely realm.Originality/valueThis paper has great value as many individuals, especially teachers are encountering displaced youth. This paper believes that those that work with displaced youth need to revisit Moustakas' understanding of existential loneliness as a means to help these youth find a safe place.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 14675986 2011 643135, Dec 15, 2011
Border pedagogy is a multicultural educational approach utilized in multicultural settings to hel... more Border pedagogy is a multicultural educational approach utilized in multicultural settings to help students understand their histories and experiences and how it affects their identities and cultures. The approach seeks to produce intellectuals that transcend physical and metaphysical boundaries. The goal of border pedagogy is to remove cultural and political barriers to attain a greater conceptualization of the human experience. This paper will discuss border pedagogy in the contemporary Mexican/American border region.
With record numbers of people migrating around the globe, cultural
diversity has become a fact in... more With record numbers of people migrating around the globe, cultural diversity has become a fact in most developed societies. In the United States, public school classrooms have experienced a rapid growth in cultural and linguistic diversity. As a result, public school teachers seeking to become multicultural educators, might be assisted by qualitative research methodologies which can help them understand cultural phenomena and to develop relevant pedagogies in the classroom. This paper begins the process of elaborating a descriptive multicultural phenomenological research methodology. Ultimately, this paper argues that by employing a descriptive multicultural phenomenology, public school teachers may access the personal meanings of culturally diverse experiences to attain a pedagogically useful perspective on cultural phenomena in the classroom.
Global trends of international displacement are rising to historical levels, and in the United St... more Global trends of international displacement are rising to historical levels, and in the United States, the Trump Administration has proactively initiated legislation to restrict immigration by displaced peoples and build a wall between the U.S. and Mexico. This is a reality for Latinx youth living along the U.S./Mexican border in the current political climate, where not only do they battle inequitable educational opportunities, but also a heightened sense of racial discrimination and profiling. This paper argues that it is crucial for teachers along the U.S./Mexican borderland to implement a culturally relevant curriculum to help Latinx youth fight for social justice in these concerning times.
This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique potentia... more This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique potentials and pursue inner directions. With this assumption, we critique the inadequacy of the current emphasis on standardisation and provide a theoretical framework for teacher education based on humanistic psychology. Three tenets of humanistic psychology, which we argue are helpful for teacher education, are discussed: (1) emphasis on relationship, (2) space for creativity, and (3) importance of meaning-making. That is, we argue that prospective teachers should be given opportunities to experience empathy and congruence, to practice creativity, and to start the journey of finding meanings of their experiences and teaching. As examples that put the tenets into practice, we discuss a field-based teacher education programme and a college programme that promotes pro-social activities with displaced children.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of loneliness... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of loneliness and argues that it is relevant and applicable to engaging displaced children. Design/methodology/approach – The number of youth compulsorily displaced has reached record levels in the world's history. Loneliness may be a pervading element in the displaced child's life. This paper argues that those working with children have the ability to empower displaced children with the existential lonely experience. Findings – Strategies regarding how to initially engage the displaced child are discussed as a means to help the child enter the existential lonely realm. Originality/value – This paper has great value as many individuals, especially teachers are encountering displaced youth. This paper believes that those that work with displaced youth need to revisit Moustakas' understanding of existential loneliness as a means to help these youth find a safe place.
This paper aims to examine the ontology of the exile and its implications for intellectuals,
educ... more This paper aims to examine the ontology of the exile and its implications for intellectuals, educators, and those seeking greater intercultural understandings. Culture to these scholars of exile becomes problematized as they feel a sense of estrangement to all cultures.
This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampa... more This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampancy of anxiety affecting youth in the United States. This paper intends to explore the phenomena of anxiety and discuss how it could be perceived as an opportunity for growth if approached in a construc- tive way. Specifically, we argue that youth need to be able to meet their inner self in the phenomena of anxiety in an empowering way, rather than uncon- sciously fleeting its destructive affects.
Standardization and curriculum alignment are the dominant curricular forces in education today. D... more Standardization and curriculum alignment are the dominant curricular forces in education today. Due in part to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001, education has become singularly focused on teaching towards the test in order to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), yet data has shown that using standardized testing does not result in increased student learning or development. This article discusses the current state of education in this country as well as the detrimental effects that standardization and strict curriculum alignment have, not only on students, but on educators as well.
The world is not just connected; it is hyper-connected. The global flow of ideas, technology, and... more The world is not just connected; it is hyper-connected. The global flow of ideas, technology, and people are at unmatched levels in history. More classrooms are becoming cosmopolitan centers composed of students with multicultural backgrounds. However, United States public education in this hyper-connected world puts emphasis on standardization and accountability. By doing so, schools driven by federal initiatives fail in helping students to become worldly citizens. Students and teachers are derived of room for creativity or new multicultural possibilities. Hence, this paper intends to develop a theoretical framework for curriculum in the hyper-connected world, aptly named “hyper-curriculum.”
Abstract This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique... more Abstract This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique potentials and pursue inner directions. With this assumption, we critique the inadequacy of the current emphasis on standardisation and provide a theoretical framework for teacher education based on humanistic psychology. Three tenets of humanistic psychology, which we argue are helpful for teacher education, are discussed: (1) emphasis on relationship, (2) space for creativity, and (3) importance of meaning-making. That is, we argue that prospective teachers should be given opportunities to experience empathy and congruence, to practice creativity, and to start the journey of finding meanings of their experiences and teaching. As examples that put the tenets into practice, we discuss a field-based teacher education programme and a college programme that promotes pro-social activities with displaced children.
This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampa... more This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampancy of anxiety affecting youth in the United States. This paper intends to explore the phenomena of anxiety and discuss how it could be perceived as an opportunity for growth if approached in a constructive way. Specifically, we argue that youth need to be able to meet their inner self in the phenomena of anxiety in an empowering way, rather than unconsciously fleeting its destructive affects.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of lonelines... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of loneliness and argues that it is relevant and applicable to engaging displaced children.Design/methodology/approachThe number of youth compulsorily displaced has reached record levels in the world's history. Loneliness may be a pervading element in the displaced child's life. This paper argues that those working with children have the ability to empower displaced children with the existential lonely experience.FindingsStrategies regarding how to initially engage the displaced child are discussed as a means to help the child enter the existential lonely realm.Originality/valueThis paper has great value as many individuals, especially teachers are encountering displaced youth. This paper believes that those that work with displaced youth need to revisit Moustakas' understanding of existential loneliness as a means to help these youth find a safe place.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 14675986 2011 643135, Dec 15, 2011
Border pedagogy is a multicultural educational approach utilized in multicultural settings to hel... more Border pedagogy is a multicultural educational approach utilized in multicultural settings to help students understand their histories and experiences and how it affects their identities and cultures. The approach seeks to produce intellectuals that transcend physical and metaphysical boundaries. The goal of border pedagogy is to remove cultural and political barriers to attain a greater conceptualization of the human experience. This paper will discuss border pedagogy in the contemporary Mexican/American border region.
With record numbers of people migrating around the globe, cultural
diversity has become a fact in... more With record numbers of people migrating around the globe, cultural diversity has become a fact in most developed societies. In the United States, public school classrooms have experienced a rapid growth in cultural and linguistic diversity. As a result, public school teachers seeking to become multicultural educators, might be assisted by qualitative research methodologies which can help them understand cultural phenomena and to develop relevant pedagogies in the classroom. This paper begins the process of elaborating a descriptive multicultural phenomenological research methodology. Ultimately, this paper argues that by employing a descriptive multicultural phenomenology, public school teachers may access the personal meanings of culturally diverse experiences to attain a pedagogically useful perspective on cultural phenomena in the classroom.
Global trends of international displacement are rising to historical levels, and in the United St... more Global trends of international displacement are rising to historical levels, and in the United States, the Trump Administration has proactively initiated legislation to restrict immigration by displaced peoples and build a wall between the U.S. and Mexico. This is a reality for Latinx youth living along the U.S./Mexican border in the current political climate, where not only do they battle inequitable educational opportunities, but also a heightened sense of racial discrimination and profiling. This paper argues that it is crucial for teachers along the U.S./Mexican borderland to implement a culturally relevant curriculum to help Latinx youth fight for social justice in these concerning times.
This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique potentia... more This paper argues that the purpose of education is to help students realise their unique potentials and pursue inner directions. With this assumption, we critique the inadequacy of the current emphasis on standardisation and provide a theoretical framework for teacher education based on humanistic psychology. Three tenets of humanistic psychology, which we argue are helpful for teacher education, are discussed: (1) emphasis on relationship, (2) space for creativity, and (3) importance of meaning-making. That is, we argue that prospective teachers should be given opportunities to experience empathy and congruence, to practice creativity, and to start the journey of finding meanings of their experiences and teaching. As examples that put the tenets into practice, we discuss a field-based teacher education programme and a college programme that promotes pro-social activities with displaced children.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of loneliness... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper discusses psychologist Clark Moustakas' concept of loneliness and argues that it is relevant and applicable to engaging displaced children. Design/methodology/approach – The number of youth compulsorily displaced has reached record levels in the world's history. Loneliness may be a pervading element in the displaced child's life. This paper argues that those working with children have the ability to empower displaced children with the existential lonely experience. Findings – Strategies regarding how to initially engage the displaced child are discussed as a means to help the child enter the existential lonely realm. Originality/value – This paper has great value as many individuals, especially teachers are encountering displaced youth. This paper believes that those that work with displaced youth need to revisit Moustakas' understanding of existential loneliness as a means to help these youth find a safe place.
This paper aims to examine the ontology of the exile and its implications for intellectuals,
educ... more This paper aims to examine the ontology of the exile and its implications for intellectuals, educators, and those seeking greater intercultural understandings. Culture to these scholars of exile becomes problematized as they feel a sense of estrangement to all cultures.
This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampa... more This paper utilizes a humanistic psychology theoretical framework and pays attention to the rampancy of anxiety affecting youth in the United States. This paper intends to explore the phenomena of anxiety and discuss how it could be perceived as an opportunity for growth if approached in a construc- tive way. Specifically, we argue that youth need to be able to meet their inner self in the phenomena of anxiety in an empowering way, rather than uncon- sciously fleeting its destructive affects.
Standardization and curriculum alignment are the dominant curricular forces in education today. D... more Standardization and curriculum alignment are the dominant curricular forces in education today. Due in part to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001, education has become singularly focused on teaching towards the test in order to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), yet data has shown that using standardized testing does not result in increased student learning or development. This article discusses the current state of education in this country as well as the detrimental effects that standardization and strict curriculum alignment have, not only on students, but on educators as well.
Empowering Children: A Multicultural Humanistic Approach, 2021
This unique text bridges multiculturalism and humanistic psychology, demonstrating how these area... more This unique text bridges multiculturalism and humanistic psychology, demonstrating how these areas can be effectively integrated to provide a foundation for engaging youth in the global community.
Adapting the tenets of humanistic psychology for a modern, multicultural audience, Empowering Children: A Multicultural Humanistic Approach uses an after-school program called Kidz n’ Coaches to exemplify the ways in which community out-reach and humanistic psychology can be used together to meet the needs of diverse populations. Chapters also discuss issues of border cultures, with a focus on communities along the Mexican-American border, and offer practical tools for those looking to found their own community out-reach programs.
Through a detailed case study and phenomenological study results, this book offers an immersive framework for multicultural humanistic psychology that will be of value to researchers and professionals alike.
Creating Meaning in Young Adulthood: The Self-Actualizing Power of Relationships, 2023
Creating Meaning in Young Adulthood is a book that explores how young adults are creating meaning... more Creating Meaning in Young Adulthood is a book that explores how young adults are creating meanings in life through their relationships with the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. I take readers into the phenomenon of growth-promoting relationships as they are meaningful to young adults, while exploring the deep existential concerns and anxieties that COVID-19 has brought forth. Creating Meaning in Young Adulthood argues that it is through growth-promoting relationships with others and the world that will provide the necessary psychological resources to promote healing, well-being, and enlightenment.
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Papers by Christopher Kazanjian
diversity has become a fact in most developed societies. In the United
States, public school classrooms have experienced a rapid growth in
cultural and linguistic diversity. As a result, public school teachers
seeking to become multicultural educators, might be assisted by
qualitative research methodologies which can help them understand
cultural phenomena and to develop relevant pedagogies in the
classroom. This paper begins the process of elaborating a descriptive
multicultural phenomenological research methodology. Ultimately,
this paper argues that by employing a descriptive multicultural
phenomenology, public school teachers may access the personal
meanings of culturally diverse experiences to attain a pedagogically
useful perspective on cultural phenomena in the classroom.
opportunities, but also a heightened sense of racial discrimination and profiling. This paper argues that it is crucial for teachers along the U.S./Mexican borderland to implement a culturally relevant curriculum to help Latinx youth fight for social justice in these concerning times.
educators, and those seeking greater intercultural understandings. Culture to these scholars of exile
becomes problematized as they feel a sense of estrangement to all cultures.
focused on teaching towards the test in order to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), yet data has shown that using standardized testing does not result in increased student learning or development. This article discusses the current state of education in this country as well as the detrimental effects that standardization and strict curriculum alignment have, not only on students, but on educators as well.
diversity has become a fact in most developed societies. In the United
States, public school classrooms have experienced a rapid growth in
cultural and linguistic diversity. As a result, public school teachers
seeking to become multicultural educators, might be assisted by
qualitative research methodologies which can help them understand
cultural phenomena and to develop relevant pedagogies in the
classroom. This paper begins the process of elaborating a descriptive
multicultural phenomenological research methodology. Ultimately,
this paper argues that by employing a descriptive multicultural
phenomenology, public school teachers may access the personal
meanings of culturally diverse experiences to attain a pedagogically
useful perspective on cultural phenomena in the classroom.
opportunities, but also a heightened sense of racial discrimination and profiling. This paper argues that it is crucial for teachers along the U.S./Mexican borderland to implement a culturally relevant curriculum to help Latinx youth fight for social justice in these concerning times.
educators, and those seeking greater intercultural understandings. Culture to these scholars of exile
becomes problematized as they feel a sense of estrangement to all cultures.
focused on teaching towards the test in order to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), yet data has shown that using standardized testing does not result in increased student learning or development. This article discusses the current state of education in this country as well as the detrimental effects that standardization and strict curriculum alignment have, not only on students, but on educators as well.
Adapting the tenets of humanistic psychology for a modern, multicultural audience, Empowering Children: A Multicultural Humanistic Approach uses an after-school program called Kidz n’ Coaches to exemplify the ways in which community out-reach and humanistic psychology can be used together to meet the needs of diverse populations. Chapters also discuss issues of border cultures, with a focus on communities along the Mexican-American border, and offer practical tools for those looking to found their own community out-reach programs.
Through a detailed case study and phenomenological study results, this book offers an immersive framework for multicultural humanistic psychology that will be of value to researchers and professionals alike.