Ejercicios IO
Ejercicios IO
Ejercicios IO
Ejercicios 2 departamental
Alumno:
Jose Francisco Albarran Morales
Sec. 7CM1
Min Y 6 y1 7 y2 3 y3 5 y4
S . A.
5 y1 6 y2 3 y3 4 y4 12
y2 5 y3 6 y4
2 y1 5 y2 y3 y4
10
8
yj 0
METODO SIMPLEX
S.A
y - 6y1 - 7y2 - 3y3 - 5y4
5y1 + 6y2 + 3y3 + 4y4 S1 + W1 = 12
Y2 + 5y2 + y3 + y4 S3 +W3=8
METODO PENAL
S.A.
Y 6y1 7y2 3y3 5y4 MW1 MW2 MW3=0
5y1 + 6y2 + 3y3 + 4y4 S1 + W1 =12
Y2 + 5y3 6y4 S2 + W2 = 10
2y1 + 5y2 + y3 + y4 S3 + W3=8
MinZ 5 x1 6 x 2 7 x3
2 x1 10 x 2 6 x3 30
S . A.
5
x1 3 x 2 5 x3 10
2
2 x1 2 x 2 2 x3 5
x1 , x 2 , x3 0
MIN Z S.A:
2x1 + 10x2 6x3 + H= 30
5x1 6x2 + 10x3 S + W1 = 20
2x1 + 2x2 + 2x3 + W2 = 5
Z= W1 + W2=0
FASE I MAXIMIZAR
W0
Z
H
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
2
5
2
X2
0
10
-6
2
X3
0
-6
10
2
H
0
1
0
0
S
0
0
-1
0
W1
-1
0
1
0
Z
H
W1
X1
entra x1
Z
H
W1
X1
Entra x3
Z
H
X3
X1
1
0
0
0
7
2
5
2
-4
10
-6
2
12
-6
10
2
0
1
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-11
8
-11
1
5
-8
5
1
0
1
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
48/5
-11/5
60/5
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
-8/5
-1/5
1/5
-1
8/5
1/5
-1/5
0
0
1
0
W2
-1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
Sale w2
-7/2
-1
-5/2
1/2
Sale w1
-1
-5
-1/2
5
SOL.
0
30
20
5
25
30
20
5
17/2
25
15/2
5/2
0
13
3/2
1
Min Z 5 x1 6 x2 7 x3
s.a.:
2 x1 10 x2 6 x3 30
2
2 x1 2 x2 2 x3 5
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
MIN Z
S.A.
2x1 + 10x2 6x3 S1 + W1= 30
5x1 6x2 + 10x3 + H1 = 20
2x1 + 2x2 2x3 + w2 = 5
Z= w1 + w2
Z= - w1 w2=0
FASE 1 MINIMIZAR
VB
Z
X1
Z
1
0
H
0
5
W1
0
2
W2
0
2
X2
0
-6
10
2
X3
0
10
-6
-2
H
0
1
0
0
S
0
0
-1
0
W1
-1
0
1
0
W2
-1
0
0
1
SOL
0
20
30
5
Z
H
W1
X1
Entra x1
1
0
0
0
4
5
2
2
12
-6
10
2
-8
10
-6
-2
0
1
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
sale w2
35
20
30
5
Z
H
W1
X1
Entra x2
Z
H
W1
X1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
8
-1
8
1
-4
15
-4
-1
0
1
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
25
15
25
5/2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
-1/8
-1/8
1/8
-1
1/8
1/8
-1/8
-2
-5/2
-1
1
sale w1
-1
-21/8
-1/8
9/8
0
19
-1/2
-1/2
0
1
0
0
0
145/8
25/8
-3/4
FASE 2 MINIMIZAR
VB
Z
H
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
-5
0
0
1
X2
6
0
1
0
X3
-7
19
-1/2
-1/2
H
0
1
0
0
S
0
-1/8
-1/8
1/8
SOL
0
145/8
25/8
-5/4
Z
H
X2
X1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
6
0
1
0
-2/12
19
-1/2
-1/2
0
1
0
0
4/8
-1/8
-1/8
1/8
-25/4
145/8
25/8
-5/4
Z
H
X2
X1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
-15/2
19
-1/2
-1/2
0
1
0
0
4/8
-1/8
-1/8
1/8
-25/4
145/8
25/8
-5/4
SOLUCION PTIMA
Z= -25
X1= -5/4
X2= 25/8
X3= 0
COMPROBACION
-25=5(-5/4)-6(25/8)-7(0)
-25=-25/4-150/8
-25= -50-150/8
-25= -25
Min P 5 p1 6 p2
s.a.: 2 p1 3 p2 18
2 p1 p2 12
3 p1 3 p2 24
p1 0; p2 0
MIN P S.A.
2p1 + 3p2 S1 + W1 =18
2p1 + p2 S2 + W2 = 12
3p1 + 3p2 S3 + W3 = 24
Vb
P
W1
W2
W3
P
1
0
0
0
P1
0
2
2
3
P2
0
3
1
3
S1
0
-1
0
0
S2
0
0
-1
0
S3
0
0
0
-1
W1
-1
1
0
0
W2
-1
0
1
0
W3
-1
0
0
1
SOL
0
18
12
24
P
1
W1
0
P1
0
W3
0
Entra p1
7
2
2
3
7
3
1
3
-1
-1
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
-1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
sale w2
54
18
12
24
P
1
W1
0
P1
0
W3
0
Entra p2
P
1
W1
0
P1
0
W3
0
Entra S1
0
0
1
0
7/2
2
3/2
-1
-1
0
0
5/2
1
-1/2
3/2
-1
0
0
-1
0
1
0
0
-7/2
-1
-3/2
12
6
6
6
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
-1/2
3/4
-3/4
3/4
-1
0
0
-1
-7/4
-1/4
-3/4
0
0
0
1
sale w1
-7/4
0
-1/2
0
0
-3/4
1
sale w3
3/2
3
9/2
FASE 2 MINIMIZAR
Vb
Z
H
X3
X1
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
-5
0
0
1
X2
-6
48/5
-1/5
1/5
X3
-7
0
1
0
H
0
1
0
0
S
0
-8/5
-1/5
1/5
SOL
0
13
3/2
1
Vb
Z
H
X3
X1
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
-5
0
0
1
X2
-6
48/5
-1/5
1/5
X3
-7
0
1
0
H
0
1
0
0
S
0
-8/5
-1/5
1/5
SOL
0
13
3/2
1
Z
H
X3
X1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-107/5
48/5
-11/5
60/5
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
-2/5
-8/5
-1/5
1/5
31/2
13
3/2
1
Z= 31/2
31/2= 5(12)-6(0)+7(3/2)
31/2= 5-0+21/2
31/2= 10+21/2=31/2
Max Z 4 x1 4 x2 3x3
s.a.:
4 x1 2 x2
5
2 x3 2
x1
x2
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
MAX Z: S.A.
4x1 + 2x2 S + W1=5
X1 + 2X3 + w2=2
X2+H=3
z= -w1 w2=0
Vb
Z
H
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
0
4
1
X2
0
1
2
0
X3
0
0
0
2
S
0
0
-1
0
H
0
1
0
0
W1
-1
0
1
0
Z
H
W1
W2
Entra x1
Z
H
X1
W2
Entra x3
Z
H
X1
X3
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
1
2
0
2
0
0
2
-1
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
-1/2
1
-1/2
2
0
0
2
0
-1/4
1/4
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
-1/4
0
0
0
1
0
0
-1/4
1/8
0
1
0
0
P
P2
P1
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
-1
1
P= 9/12
P1= -51/12
P2= 44/12
0
-2/3
-1
-4/3
W2
-1
0
0
1
SOL
0
3
5
2
0
0
0
1
sale w1
-5/4
0
0
0
0
-1/4
1
sale w2
-1
0
0
0
0
-1/8
3
5/4
-1
0
0
-1
9/12
49/12
-51/12
1
-1
2/3
-1/3
-1
7
3
5
2
0
3
5/4
3/4
COMPROBACION
9/12=5(-51/12)6(48/12)
9/12=-255/12+264/12
9/12=9/12
Max Z 2 x1 3 x2 5 x3
s.a.:
2 x1 2 x2 2 x3 14
2 x1 5 x2 x3 10
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
MAX Z: S.A.
2x1 + 2x2 + 2x3 + w1 =14
-2x1 + 5x2 + x3 + h =10
Z= W1
Z-W1=0
FASE I MINIMIZAR
Vb
Z
H
W1
Z
1
0
0
X1
0
-2
2
X2
0
5
2
X3
0
1
2
H
0
1
0
W1
-1
0
1
SOL
0
10
14
Z
H
W1
Entra x2
Z
H
X2
1
0
0
2
-2
2
2
5
2
2
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
-7
1
0
0
1
0
-4
1
0
1
0
14
10
14
sale w1
-1
0
-5/2
-25
1/2
7
FASE 2 MAXIMINZAR
VB
Z
X1
X3
Z
1
0
0
X1
-4
1
0
X2
4
-1/4
X3
3
0
1
S
0
1/8
H
0
0
0
SOL
0
5/4
3/4
Z
X1
X3
1
0
0
0
1
0
-1/4
3
0
1
-1
-1/4
1/8
0
0
0
5
5/4
Z
X1
X3
1
0
0
0
1
0
-1/4
0
0
1
-11/8
-1/4
1/8
0
0
0
29/4
5/4
Z= 29/4
X1= 5/4
X2=0
X3=3/4
29/4=4(5/4)+4(0)+3(3/4)
29/4= 5+0+9/4
29/4= 5+9/4
29/4= 29/4
7.- Usando el mtodo analtico, determine la solucin ptima del siguiente Modelo de P.L.
Max Z 2 x1 3x2
s.a.:
x1 x2 2
x1 x2 1
x1
x1 0; x2 0
-x1 x2 = -2
-x1/-2 x2/-2 = -2/-2
X1/-2 + x2/-2/-1= 1
x1-x2=1
x1-x2=1
x1/1 + x2/-1= 1
X1=1
X1/2 + x2/2 = 1
PUNTO A (1,1)
PUNTO B (1,0)
PUNTO C (1.5,1/2)
X1-x2=1
-x1-x2=-2
0-2x2=-1
X2=-1/-2
10
Min Z 10 x1 3 x2 4 x3
3 x1 x2
s.a.:
8
x3 6
2 x1
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
a)
(a )
(e )
b)
c)
d)
x1 , x 2 , x 3
d) x1 , x 3
e) x 2 , x 3
( a ) El valor de las variables bsicas ptimas es:
a) 8/3, 2/3
b) 8, 6
c) 8/3, 0, 2/3
d) 40, -2/3
e) 30, 25, 0
s.a.
3x1 + x2 s1 + w1 =8
2x1 + x3 s2 + w2=6
z= w1 +w2
11
FASE 1 MAXIMIZAR
Vb
Z
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
X1
0
3
2
X2
0
1
0
X3
0
0
1
S1
0
-1
0
S2
0
0
-1
W1
-1
1
0
W2
-1
0
1
SOL
0
8
6
Z
1
W1
0
W2
0
Entra x1
sale w1
5
3
2
1
1
0
1
0
1
-1
-1
0
-1
0
-1
0
1
0
0
0
1
14
8
6
Z
1
X1
0
W3
0
Entra x3
w2
0
1
0
-2/3
1/3
-2/3
1
0
1
2/3
-1/3
2/3
-1
0
-1
-5/3
1/3
-2/3
0
0
1
2/3
8/3
2/3
sale
Z
X1
X3
0
1
0
0
1/3
-2/3
0
0
1
0
-1/3
2/3
0
0
-1
-1
1/3
-2/3
-1
0
1
0
8/3
2/3
1
0
0
12
12.- Resuelva el siguiente problema por las tcnicas de las variables artificiales
Min Z 4 x1 5 x2 5 x3
x2 x3 2 x2
s.a.:
x1 x2 x3 1
x3 1
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
Z= -4x1 + 5x2 + 5x3
Z - 4x1 + 5x2 + 5x3
- x2 + x3 + S1
-x1 + x2 + x3
+ S2
x3
+ S3
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
-4
0
-1
0
X2
5
-1
1
0
X3
5
1
1
-1
=0
= -2
=1
= -1
S1
0
1
0
0
S2
0
0
1
0
S3
0
0
0
1
R
0
-2
1
-1
S1
0
1
0
0
S2
4
0
-1
0
S3
0
0
0
1
R
4
-2
-1
-1
S2
4
0
-1
0
S3
0
0
0
1
R
4
-2
-1
-1
-R3
Z
0
0
0
0
X1
-4
0
1
0
X2
1
-1
-1
0
X3
1
1
-1
-1
4R3+R1
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
0
1
0
X2
1
-1
-1
0
X3
1
1
-1
-1
=>
=>
=>
S1
0
1
0
0
-R3
-R3+R1
R3+R2
13
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
0
1
0
X2
0
0
1
0
X3
0
2
1
-1
=>
=>
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
0
1
0
X2
0
0
1
0
X3
0
0
1
0
S1
0
1
0
0
S2
-1
1
1
0
S3
0
0
0
1
R
-1
1
1
-1
S2
-1
1
1
0
S3
0
0
0
1
R
-1
1
1
-1
2R3-R2
R3+R4
S1
0
-1
0
0
Z= -1
X1=1
X2=1
X3=1
Degenerada
Infactible
Inexistente
No acotada
ptimas mltiples
Tres
Cinco
Siete
Nueve
Ninguna de las anteriores. (ocho)
14
v.b.
X1
X2
S3
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
X2
S1 R1
R2
0
-1
-1
1/5 3/5 - 1/5
- 3/5 - 4/5 3/5
1
1
-1
S3
Z0
0
3/5
6/5
0
Max Z x1 2 x2
s.a.: x1 x2 8
x1 x2 10
x1 0; x2 0
Z= x1 + 2x2
Z + x1 + 2x2
=0
- x1 + x2 + S1
=8
x1 + x2
+ S2 =10
Z
1
0
0
X1
1
-1
1
X2
2
1
1
=>
=>
Z
1
0
0
X1
0
0
1
X2
1
2
1
S1
0
1
0
S2
0
0
1
R
0
8
10
S1
0
1
0
S2
1
1
1
R
0
18
10
R3-R1
R3+R2
15
=> R3-R2
=> 2R3-R2
Z
1
0
0
X1
0
0
1
X2
0
2
1
S1
0
-1
0
S2
2
1
1
R
10
2
10
Z=10
X1=10
X2=2
( c ) En la tabla inicial, el nmero de variables (excluyendo a Z) son:
a) dos
b) tres
c) cuatro
d) cinco
e) seis
( d ) Las variables bsicas iniciales, respectivamente son:
a) Superflua (Holgura Negativa) y Artificial
b) Artificial
c) Superflua y Holgura
d) Artificial y Holgura ( Holgura Positiva)
e) Ninguna de las anteriores
( d)
X 2 y Holgura
d) X 1 y Superflua
e) X 2 y Superflua
c)
16
15.- Solucione el siguiente modelo de programacin lineal, por la tcnica de las variables
artificiales.
Max Z x1 5 x2 3 x3
s.a.:
x1 2 x2 x3 3
2 x1 x2
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
Z= x1 + 5x2 +3x3
x1 + 2x2 + x3 =3
2x1 x2
=4
Z + x1 + 5x2 + 3x3 =0
x1 + 2x2 + x3 =3
2x1 x2
=4
Z
1
0
0
X1
1
1
2
X2
5
2
-1
X3
3
1
0
R
0
3
4
X3
3
1/2
0
R
0
3/2
4
X3
-1/2
1/2
1/2
R
15/2
3/2
11/2
X3
1
0
0
R
-15
9/2
7/2
=> R2
Z
1
0
0
X1
1
1/2
2
X2
5
1
-1
=> 5R2 R1
=> R2 + R3
Z
-1
0
0
X1
3/2
1/2
3/2
X2
0
1
0
=> -2R1
=> R1 2R2
=> R1 2R2
Z
2
0
-1
X1
-3
-2
-3/2
X2
0
1
0
=>2/3 R3
17
Z
-2
0
0
X1
-3
-2
1
X2
0
1
0
X3
1
1/2
0
R
-15
9/2
7/3
X3
1
0
0
R
-8
55/6
7/3
3R3 + R1
2R3 + R2
Z
-1
-2
-1
X1
0
0
1
X2
0
1
0
Z= 8
X1= 55/6
X2= 7/3
X3= -8
18
Max Z 8 x1 4 x2
s.a.:
x1 2 x2 8
4 x1 2 x2 10
x1 0; x2 0
Maximizar:
-8 X1 + 4 X2 + 0 X3 + 0 X4
1 X1 + 2 X2 8
4 X1 + 2 X2 10
1 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X3 = 8
4 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X4 = 10
X1, X2 0 X1, X2, X3, X4 0
Tabla 1
Base
P3
P4
Z
Cb
0
0
P0
8
10
0
-8
P1
1
4
8
Tabla 2
Base
P2
P4
Z
Cb
4
0
P0
4
2
16
0
P1
1/2
3
10
4
P2
2
2
-4
4
P2
1
0
0
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P3
1/2
0
2
0
P4
0
1
0
0
P4
0
1
0
La solucin ptima es Z = 16
19
Max Z 3 x1 2 x2 3 x3
s.a.:
2 x1 x2 x3 20
3 x1 4 x2 2 x3 8
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0
Maximizar:
2 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 20
3 X1 + 4 X2 + 1 X3 8
2 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 + 1 X4 = 20
3 X1 + 4 X2 + 1 X3 + 1 X5 = 8
X1, X2, X3 0
X1, X2, X3, 0
Tabla 1
Base
P4
P5
Z
Cb
0
0
Tabla 2
Base
Cb
P0
P4
P1
Z
14.6
6
2.66
8
3
P1
2
3
-3
P0
20
8
0
2
P2
1
4
-2
-3
P3
1
1
3
0
P4
1
0
0
3
P
1
0
2
P2
-3
P3
-1.66
1
0
1.33
2
0
P5
0
1
0
0.33
0
P
4
1
0
P5
-0.66
0.33
4
0
0
0.33
1
La solucin ptima es Z = 8
X1 = 2.6666666666667
X2 = 0
X3 = 0
20
Min y0
s.a.:
y1 5 y2 6 y3
2 y1
4 y3 50
y1 2 y2
30
y3 10
x1 , x2 , x3 libres
a) Muestre que a la solucin A, este problema es no acotada mostrando que el
dual es infactible y el primal factible.
b) Suponga que el problema primal no se verifica en cuanto a factibilidad, sera
posible llegar a esta conclusin, por qu?.
Minimizar:
-1 X1 -5 X2 + 6 X3
2 X1 + 0 X2 + 4 X3 50
1 X1 + 2 X2 + 0 X3 30
0 X1 + 0 X2 + 1 X3 10
Maximizar:
1 X1 + 5 X2 -6 X3 + 0 X4 + 0 X5 + 0 X6 + 0 X7 + 0 X8 + 0 X9
2 X1 + 0 X2 + 4 X3 50
1 X1 + 2 X2 + 0 X3 30
0 X1 + 0 X2 + 1 X3 10
2 X1 + 4 X3 -1 X4 + 1 X7 = 50
1 X1 + 2 X2 -1 X5 + 1 X8 = 30
0 X1 + 1 X3 -1 X6 + 1 X9 = 10
X1, X2, X3 0
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9 0
Tabla 1
0
0
0
0
0
0 -1 -1 -1
Base
Cb P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9
P7
-1 50 2
0
4 -1 0
0
1
0
0
P8
-1 30 1
2
0
0 -1 0
0
1
0
P9
-1 10 0
0
1
0
0 -1 0
0
1
Z
-90 -3 -2 -5 1
1
1
0
0
0
Tabla 2
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
Base
Cb P0
P1 P2 P3
P4
P5 P6
P7
P8 P9
P6
-1 2.5 0.5 0
0 -0.25
0
1 0.25
0
-1
P2
0
15
0.5 1
0
0
-0.5 0
0
0.5 0
P3
0 12.5 0.5 0
1 -0.25
0
0 0.25
0
0
Z
-2.5 -0.5 0
0 0.25
0
0 -0.25 1
1
Tabla 3
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
Base
Cb P0 P1 P2 P3 P4
P5 P6 P7
P8 P9
P1
0
5
1
0
0 -0.5
0
2
0.5
0
-2
P2
0 12.5 0
1
0 0.25 -0.5 -1 -0.25 0.5 1
21
P3
Z
10
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
-1
1
Tabla 1
0
0
0
0
0
Base
Cb P0 P1 P2 P3 P4
P5
P-2
1
5
1
0
0 -0.5
0
P1
0 12.5 0
1
0 0.25 -0.5
P1
0
10
0
0
1
0
0
Z
5
1
0
0 -0.5
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
P6
0.5
-0.25
0
0.5
Tabla 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Base
Cb P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
P-2
1 30 1
2
0
0 -1 0
P4
0 50 0
4
0
1 -2 -1
P1
0 10 0
0
1
0
0
0
Z
30 1
2
0
0 -1 0
4. Usando el mtodo simplex encuentre dos soluciones ptimas del siguiente modelo
de P.L.
Max Z x1 x2 x3 x4
s.a.:
x1 x2
2
x3 x4 5
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0; x4 0
Maximizar:
1 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 + 1 X4
1 X1 + 2 X2 + 0 X3 + 0 X4 2
0 X1 + 0 X2 + 1 X3 -1 X4 5
1 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X5 = 2
0 X1 + 1 X3 -1 X4 + 1 X6 = 5
X1, X2, X3, X4 0
X1, X2, X3, X4, 0
Tabla 1
Base
P5
P6
Z
Cb
0
0
P0
2
5
0
1
P1
1
0
-1
1
P2
2
0
-1
1
P3
0
1
-1
1
P4
0
-1
-1
0
P5
1
0
0
0
P6
0
1
0
Tabla 2
1
1
1
1
0
0
Base
Cb P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
P1
1
2
1
2
0
0
1
0
P6
0
5
0
0
1 -1 0
1
Z
2
0
1 -1 -1 1
0
22
Tabla 3
1
1
1
1
0
0
Base
Cb P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
P1
1
2
1
2
0
0
1
0
P3
1
5
0
0
1 -1 0
1
Z
7
0
1
0 -2 1
1
23
TEORIA DE DUALIDAD
1.
s.a.:
6 x1 7 x2 9 x3 15
19 x1 7 x2 5 x3 15
x1 0; x2 0; x3 libre
a) Escriba el modelo en forma cannica (usando las reglas de equivalencia).
-MAX(-Z) =
-2x1 + x2 5x3
- x1 + x2 + x3 5
-6x1 - 7x2 9x3 -15
-19x1 + 7x2 + 5x3 15
19x1 7x2 5x3 15
x10; x20; x3 libre
x1 = t1 t2; x2 = -t3
-MAX(-Z)=
Matricialmente
-MAX Z = (-2, 3, -5)
t1
t2
t3
24
SA
-1
-6
-19
19
-1
7
-7
7
1
9
-5
5
t1
t2
t3
t1
t2
t3
5
-15
15
15
0
0
0
w1 2w2
5w2 8w3 9
w1 w2 w3 5
w1 0; w2 libre; w3 0
a) Mediante la forma cannica
-MAX(-Z) =
-3w1 -2w2 + w3
-w1 -2w2
4
sa:
-5w2 -8w3 -9
-w1 w2 w3 -5
w1 + w2 + w3 -5
w1 0; w2 libre; w3 0
sea x1 = t1 t2; x2 = t3
-MAX(-Z) =
-3t1 + 2t2 t3
-t1 + 2t2 t3 4
t1 + 5t2 + 8t3 -9
-t1 + 5t2 + t3 -5
t1 t2 t3 -5
t1 0; t2 0; t3 0
b) En forma directa.
Matricialmente
-MAX Z = (-3, 2, -1)
t1
t2
t3
25
SA
-1
1
-1
1
+2
+5
+2
-1
-1
8
1
-1
4
-9
-5
-5
SA
-1
1
-1
1
2
5
2
-1
-1
8
1
-1
t1
t2
t3
t1
t2
t3
4
-9
-5
-5
0
0
0
3. Obtenga el modelo de P.L. dual a partir del siguiente primal e indique las unidades,
dimensinales que le correspondan al dual, as como el significado de las variables
duales.
PROBLEMA PRIMAL.- Objetivo minimizar el desperdicio en corte de rollos de papel.
Sea : X j # de cortes tipo j 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
pu lg
corte pu lg
corte
rollos
800
corte rollos
corte
x5 500
Min Z 18 x1 3 x2 22 x3 18 x4 7 x5
s.a.:
3 x1 2 x2
x2
x3
2 x4
x3
x5 100
x1 0; x2 0; x3 0; x4 0; x5 0
si xj 0 la j es una restriccion
max () = -18x1 -3x2 -22x3 -18x4 -7x5
s.a: -3x1 -2x2 x3
800
-x2
-2x4 - x5 500
-x3
-x5 100
-x1 0; x2 0; x3 0; x4 0; x5 0
x1= t1 t2 x2=-t3
-MAX(-Z) = -18t1 -3t2 -22t3 -18t4 -7t5
26
SA
Min Z 8 x1 x2
s.a.:
x1 x2 2 x3 0
3 x2 x3 12
x1 0; x2 0; x3 libre
a) La forma cannica
-MAX(-Z) = 8x1 x2
SA
-x1 + X2 -2x3 0
-3x2 + x3 = 12
x1 0; x2 0; x3 libre
Matricialmente
-MAX z = (8, -1, -1)
SA
t1
t2
t3
27
Min Z 2 x1 3 x2 4 x3
s.a.:
x1 x2 x3 1
x1 2 x2
x1 0; x2 0; x3 libre
1) PROBLEMA PRIMAL
Canonico estndar
Minz= 2x1-3x2+4x3+0H1+0H2+0H3
-x1-x2-x3+H1=-1
X1-2x2+H2=7
-x1+2x2+H3=-7
Z
H1
H2
H3
Z
H1
H2
X1
X1
X2
X3
H1
H2
H3
LD
2
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
1
-3
-1
-2
2
1
-3
0
-2
4
-1
0
0
4
-1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
-1
1
-1
0
1
7
-7
-14
8
0
7
28
Min Z 5 x 2 y
s.a.: x 2 y 5
x y 12
x 3y 4
x 0; y libre
Z
H1
H2
H3
z
H1
X1
H3
X1
X2
5
-1
-1
-1
0
0
1
0
2
-2
1
-1
7
-3
-1
-2
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
-1
-1
-1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
-5
-12
-4
-60
7
12
8
SOL OPTIMA
X1=12 Z=-60
7. Sea:
Min Z 2 x1 3x2 5 x3
s.a.:
x1 x2 x3 5
6 x1 7 x2 9 x3 15
19 x1 7 x2 5 x3 15
b) Determine el DUAL.
x1 0; x2 0; x3 libre
Minz=2x1+3x2+5x3+0H1+0H3+0H4
X1+X2+X3+0H1=5
-6X1-7X2-9X3+0H2=15
6X1+7X2+9X3+0H3=-15
19X1-7X2-5X3+0H4=15
29
X1
X2
X3
H1
H2
H3
H4
LD
Z
H1
H2
H3
H4
Z
2
1
-6
6
19
0
5
1
-9
9
-5
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0.33333333
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
5
-15
15
15
-5
H1
3
1
-7
7
-7
0.66666667
0.16666667
-0.5
0.16666667
2.5
H2
1.16666667
1.5
2.5
H3
H4
0
0
0
0.66666667
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
-5
0.16666667
1
0.33333333
30
+ 3X2 - 5X3
- 2X3 = 14
- X3 -10
X3 0
MAX Z= 2X1+3X2-5X3+0X4+0X5+0X6
s.a.
2X1+2X2-2X3
+1X5
=14
2X1-5X2+3X3-1X4
+1X6=10
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 > 0
PRIMERA TABLA
TABLA
0
0
0
0
-1
1
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
BASE
P5
-1
14
2
2
-2
0
1
P6
-1
10
2
-5
3
-1
0
Z
-24
-4
3
-1
1
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE LA BASE ES P6 Y LA QUE ENTRA EN P1
-1
P6
0
1
0
TABLA
0
0
0
0
2
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
BASE
P5
-1
4
0
7
-5
1
P1
0
5
1
-2.5
1.5
-0.5
Z
-4
0
-7
5
-1
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE BASE ES P5 Y LA QUE ENTRA EN P2
-1
-1
P5
1
0
0
P6
-1
0.5
2
TABLA
3
BASE
P2
P1
Z
Cb
0
0
P0
4/7
45/7
0
P1
0
1
0
P2
1
0
0
P3
0
0
0
P4
1/7
0
0
P5
1/7
5/14
1
P6
0
1/7
1
31
. 16
2
8
0
a) Plantear la forma estndar y la tabla inicial para cada uno de los mtodos:
b) Indique para cada una, la variable entrante y la variable saliente. No los resuelva
c) Escriba la forma dual del programa lineal original.
MAX Z = -4X1-8X2+0X3+0X4+0X5+0X6
s.a.
4X1+4X2+1X3
=16
1X1
+1X4
=2
2X1+4X2
-1X5+1X6=8
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 > 0
TABLA
1
BASE
P3
P4
P6
Z
Cb
0
0
-1
P0
16
2
8
-8
-1
P1
4
1
2
-2
P2
4
0
4
-4
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
0
1
0
0
P5
0
0
-1
1
P6
0
0
1
0
32
TABLA
0
0
0
0
1
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
BASE
P3
0
60
4
-6
1
0
P4
0
15
-3
6
0
1
P6
-1
0
3
-1
0
0
Z
0
-3
1
0
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE BASE ES P6 Y LA QUE ENTRA ES P1
-1
P5
0
0
-1
1
P6
0
0
1
0
TABLA
2
BASE
P3
P4
P1
Z
Cb
0
0
0
P0
60
15
0
0
-1
P1
0
0
1
0
P2
-4.66
5
-0.33
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
0
1
0
0
P5
1.33
-1
-0.33
0
P6
-1.33
1
0.33
1
EXISTE Alguna solucin posible para el problema, por lo que podemos pasar a la fase II
TABLA 1
2
-3
0
0
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
BASE
P3
0
60
0
0
1
0
P4
0
15
0
5
0
1
P1
2
0
1
0
0
0
Z
0
0
7/3
0
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE BASE ES P3 Y LA QUE ENTRA ES P5
0
P5
4/3
0
0
0
TABLA 2
BASE
P3
P4
P1
Z
0
P5
1
0
0
0
Cb
0
0
2
P0
45
60
15
30
2
P1
0
3
1
0
0
P2
0
3/2
0
0
0
P3
0
P4
0
1
0
0
Hay infinitos valores de X1 y X2 para el valor optimo Z=0, los cuales estn contenidos en
le segmento de la recta 0X1+3X2=0 que cumple las restricciones del problema.
Una de ellas es:
X1=15
X2=0
33
MAX Z = 2X1-1X2+0X3+0X4+0X5+0X6
s.a.
-3X1-1X2-1X3
+1X5
=3
1X1+3X2
-1X4+
1X6=3
X1, X2, X3, X4,X5, X6 > 0
TABLA
0
0
0
0
-1
1
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
BASE
P5
-1
3
-3
-1
-1
0
1
P6
-1
3
1
3
0
-1
0
Z
-6
2
-2
1
1
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE LA BASE ES P6 Y LA QUE ENTRA ES P2
-1
TABLA
2
BASE
P5
P2
Z
Cb
0
0
P0
4
1
0
P6
0
1
0
P1
0
1/3
8/3
P2
0
1
0
P3
0
0
1
P4
0
0
1/3
P5
1
0
0
P6
1/3
1/3
2/3
NO EXISTE SOLUCION
34
+
+
Xi
6X2
10X2
3X2
2X2
0 ;
- 7X3
- 6X3 30
+ 5X3 10
- 2X3 = 5
i = 1,2,3.
MAX Z= -5X1+6X2+7X3+0X4+0X5+0X6+0X7
s.a.
2X1+10X2-6X3-1X4+1X7= 30
2.5X1-3X2+5X3+1X5=10
2X1+2X2-2X3+1X6=5
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 > 0
TABLA
0
0
0
0
0
1
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
BASE
P7
-1
30
2
10
-6
-1
0
P5
0
10
2.5
-3
5
0
1
P6
-1
5
2
2
-2
0
0
Z
-35
-4
-12
8
1
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE BASE ES P6 Y LA QUE ENTRA ES P2
-1
-1
P6
0
0
1
0
P7
1
0
0
0
TABLA
0
0
0
0
0
2
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
BASE
P7
-1
5
-8
0
4
-1
0
P5
0
17.5
5.5
0
2
0
1
P2
0
2.5
1
1
-1
0
0
Z
-5
8
0
-4
1
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE BASE ES P7 Y LA QUE ENTRA ES P3
-1
-1
P6
-5
1.5
0.5
6
P7
1
0
0
0
TABLA
3
BASE
P3
P5
P2
Z
Cb
0
0
0
P0
1.25
15
3.75
0
-1
-1
P1
-2
9.5
-1
0
P2
0
0
1
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
-0.25
0.5
-0.25
0
P5
0
1
0
0
P6
-1.25
4
-0.75
1
P7
0.25
-0.5
0.25
1
EXISTE alguna solucin posible para el problema por lo que podemos pasar a la fase II
TABLA
1
BASE
P3
P5
P2
Z
Cb
7
0
0
P0
1.25
15
3.75
31.25
-5
P1
-2
9.5
-1
-15
P2
0
0
1
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
-0.25
0.5
-0.25
-3.25
P5
0
1
0
0
35
TABLA
3
BASE
P3
P4
P2
Z
Cb
7
0
6
P0
35/4
30
45/4
515/4
P5
4/19
2/19
2/19
30/19
P1
11/4
19
15/4
187/4
P2
0
0
1
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
0
1
0
0
P5
13/2
X1
-3
3/5
2
X2 X3 X4
0
0 -5
0
1
3
1
0 4/5
Sol.
150
37
48
Cb
0
-1
P0
3
2
-2
0
P1
1
1
-1
0
P2
0
1
-1
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
0
-1
1
-1
P5
0
1
0
36
Cb
0
0
P0
1
2
0
0
P1
0
1
0
0
P2
-1
1
0
0
P3
1
0
0
0
P4
1
-1
0
-1
P5
-1
1
1
EXISTE alguna solucin posible para el problema por lo que podemos pasar a la fase II
TABLA 1
-5
-2
0
Cb
P0
P1
P2
P3
BASE
P3
0
1
0
-1
1
P1
-5
2
1
1
0
Z
-10
0
-3
0
LA VARIABLE QUE SALE DE BASE ES P1 Y LA QUE ENTRA ES P2
0
P4
1
-1
5
TABLA 2
BASE
P3
P2
Z
0
P4
0
-1
2
Cb
0
-2
P0
3
2
-4
-5
P1
1
1
3
-2
P2
0
1
0
0
P3
1
0
0
LA SOLUCION OPTIMA ES Z = 4
X1 = 0
X2 = 2
37
=7
+H2 =10
X1 X2
X3
H1
H2
Sol
-1
-5
-3
H1
H2
-2
-1
10
37
X2
H2
-7
-6
-5
-25
4/7
20 5/7
X2
1/7
2/7
1/7
3 3/7
X1
6/7
5/7
-1/7
3 4/7
-1 3/7 2 1/7
Solucin
Max z = 20 5/7
X1 = 3 4/7
X2 = 3 3/7
38
10.- Resolver:
Max Z= X1+5X2+3X3
1 X1+2X2+X3=33
2 2X1-X2
=4
Min Z= -X1-5X2-3X3+H1+H2
X1+2X2+X3+H1
2X1-X2
+H2=4
#EC
0
1
2
0
1
2
Var
bas
7
H1
H2
X1
X2
X3
H1
H2
SOL.
1
0
0
-1
1
2
9
1
-2
-5
2
-1
0
2
1
-3
1
0
-3
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
-1
0
33
4
20
33
-4
Z
H1
H2
1
0
0
9
1
-2
0
5
1
-3
3
0
0
3
0
5
-1
-1
20
95
-4
0
1
2
R0 = R1 + R0
1
1
2
0
5
5
R2=R1(2)+R2
-3
3
0
0
3
3
5
-1
4
20
95
115
0
1
2
Z
H1
H2
1
0
0
2
1
0
0
1
2
Z
H1
H2
1
0
0
0
1
0
-2
2
0
1
10
11
0
6
6
0
6
6
5
11
0
3
6
3
3
6
4
-1
-3
115
95
186
-5
5
1
-6
3
-6
0
3
6
5
-1
7
-65
95
56
39
0
1
2
Z
H1
H2
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
-36
33
-6
30
-27
6
40
-36
7
215
-185
56
0
1
2
Z
H1
H2
4
0
0
2
1
0
10
0
1
0
33
-6
6
-27
6
3
-36
7
125
-185
56
SOLUCIN:
Max z = 125
40
#ec
Var
bas
Z
H1
H2
H3
0
1
2
3
0
1
Z
H1
1
0
H2
H3
X1
X2
X3
H1
H2
H3
Sol
1
0
0
0
-50
5
-5
-5
-78
3
6
-1
-60
1
15
-1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
144
240
-80
-115
7
0
0
135
-6
0
1
7 /7 =1
13
0
0
3120
22
40
-40
1/7 =
/7 =
/7
22 / 7 = 2
0
X1
X2
X3
89
3457
42
-62
15
-1
R3 = - 7 R1 + R3
41
0 + 3 -1
X1
-2
X2
74
X3
-13
35
19
4683
R1 = 2/5 (R3) + R1
2/5
-4/45
8/135
4/45
1
1
0
0
-2/5
0
2/15
2/45
-1/15
-1/135
0
4/45
-5
23/45
215/5
-2
26/45
R2 = -25/14 (R3) + R1
0
-25/14
11/21
2 5/14
1/9
40/63
32
0
42
74
SOLUCION
X1 = -2 26/45
X2 = 74 58/63
X3= -13 7/9
Max Z = 46835 5/9
42
6x + 3y + 5z
x + y + z
2x + 3y + z
3x + y + z
x 0, y 0, z
12
10
10
0
1) Min H= X + Y + Z = 12
2X+ 3Y + Z = 10
2) Variables agregadas
-S+A
+S
+A
MIN H=6X+3Y+5Z-0S1-0S2-0S3+MA1+MA2+MA3
X+ Y+Z - S1+ A1 = 12
2X+3Y+Z - S2+A2 = 10
3X+ Y+Z - S3+ A3 =10
CJ>
M
M
M
Z
CjZj
A1
A2
A3
6M
66M
CJ>
M
M
6
Zj
CjZj
A1
A2
X
solucin
X
1
2
3
5M
35M
Y
1
3
1
3M
53M
Z
1
1
1
M
M
S1
1
0
0
M
M
S2
0
1
0
M
M
S3
0
0
1
M
0
A1
1
0
0
M
0
A2
0
1
0
M
0
A3
0
0
1
M
b
12=12/1=12
10=10/2=5
10=10/3=3.33
32M
Sol.
X
0
0
1
6
Y
-2/3
7/3
1/3
5/3M+6/3
Z
-2/3
1/3
1/3
1/3M+6/3
S1
-1
0
0
M+6
S2
0
1
0
M
A1
-1
0
0
-M
A2
0
1
0
M
A3
1/3
-2/3
1/3
1/3M16/3
b
-26/3
10/3
10/3
16/3M+20
5/6M1
1/3M3
M-6
S3
1/3
-2/3
1/3
05M6/3
M6/3
2M
4/3M16/3
43
18.- Usando las tcnicas de las variables artificiales, resuelva el siguiente problema:
Max Z = 2x1 + 3x2 - 5x3
s.a.
x1 + x2 + x3 = 7
2x1 - 5x2 + x3 10
1) X1 + x2 + x3 + A1 = 7
2X2-5X2+X3-S1+A2=10
Funcion objetivo Z-2X1-3X2+5x3=0
Vb
z
M
M
A1
A2
X1
2
1
2
Vb
Z
M
2
X2
3
1
-5
2
X1
0
0
1
A1
X2
X3
-5
1
1
3
X2
15
-7
-6
A1
M
1
0
-5
X3
2M
-1
0
A2
M
0
1
M
A1
2M
-2
-1
S1
0
0
-1
M
A2
-2M
1
1
Sol.
0
7/1=7
10/-5=2
0
S1
2
-1
-1
sol
-6
-4
3
R2(-2)+R1
R2-R1
19.- Usando el mtodo analtico determine la solucin optima del sig. modelo PL
Max Z = -2x1 + 3x2
s.a
-x1 - x2 -1
x1 - x2 1
x1
1
x1 0, x2 0
1) Max: z= -2x1+3x2-0S1+0S2-0S3+MA1+MA2=0
-X1-X2- S1+A1=-1
X1-X2+S2 =1
X1 -S3+A2=1
Cj
M
0
M
Zj
Cj-Zj
A1
S2
A2
-2
X1
3
X2
0
S1
0
S2
0
S3
M
A1
M
A2
Sol.
-1
1
1
0
-2
-1
-1
0
M
3+M
-1
0
0
-M
M
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
-1
-M
M
1
0
0
M
0
0
0
1
M
0
0
-1
1
M
44
Cj
M
-2
M
Zj
Cj-Zj
A1
S2
A2
-2
X1
3
X2
0
S1
0
S2
0
S3
M
A1
M
A2
0
1
0
-2
-4
-2
-1
1
-M+2
-M+5
-1
0
0
-M
M
1
1
-1
-2
2
1
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
M
0
0
0
1
M
0
Sol.
1
-1
2
20.- Dado el siguiente problema de PL. Resolver por mtodo de dos fases; escriba sus
conclusiones.
Min Z = 3x1
s.a.
2x1
3x1
x1
Min Z =
2X1 + X2 + S1 = 2
3X1 + 4X2 + S2 = 12
FASE 1
MIN Z=
Vb
Z
S1
S2
R1+R2
S1 + S2
Z - S1 - S2 = 0
Z
1
0
0
+ x2
+ x2 2
+ 4x2 12
, x2 0
X1
0
2
3
X2
0
1
4
S1
-1
1
0
S2
-1
0
2
Sol.
0
2
12
Vb
Z
S1
S2
RI+R3
Z
1
0
0
X1
2
2
3
X2
1
1
4
S1
0
1
0
S2
-1
0
2
Sol.
0
2
12
Vb
Z
S1
S2
R3(1/3)
-2+R2
-5+R1
Vb
Z
S1
S2
Z
1
0
0
X1
5
2
3
X2
5
1
4
S1
0
1
0
S2
0
0
1
Sol.
14
2/2=1
12/3=4
Z
1
0
0
X1
0
0
1
X2
0
-1
4/3
S1
-5
-1
0
S2
-5
-2
1/3
Sol.
9
-1
4/3
45
SOLUCIN OPTIMA
X1= 4/3
X2= 0
Z= 9
S1=-1
21.- Encuentre la solucin optima al siguiente problema lineal, por el mtodo que usted
desee, especificando con que nombre se conoce este mtodo.
Min Z = 20x1 + 15x2
s.a
2x1 +
x2 5
-3x1 + 2x2 3
x1 +
x2 3
x1 0, x2 0
Min z = 20X1 + 15X2 - 0S1 + 0S2 -0S3 + MA1 + MA2
2X1 + X2 S1 + A1 = 5
-3X1 + 2X2 + S2 = 3
X1 + X2 S3 + A2 =3
Cj
20
X1
2
-3
1
3M
20-3M
15
X2
1
2
1
2M
3-2M
0
S1
-1
0
0
-M
M
0
S2
0
1
0
0
0
0
S3
0
0
-1
-M
M
M
A1
1
0
0
M
0
M
A2
0
0
1
M
0
Sol.
15
X2
1/3
2/3
0
S1
-1
0
0
S2
-1/3
-1/3
0
S3
0
0
M
A1
1
0
M
A2
0
0
Sol.
M A1
20 X1
20
X1
0
1
M A3
Zj
0
20
0
-M
1/3
-20/3
-1
-M
0
M
1
M
Cj-Zj
1/3
2/3M40/3
3-2M
20/3
M A1
0 S2
M A3
Zj
Cj-Zj
5/2=2.5
3/-3=-1
3/3=1
8M
R2/-3
Cj
7/1/3=21
-1/-2/33/2
4/2/3=12
46
Vb
Z
h1
mw1
mw2
Z1
Z
h1
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
Z
X1
w1
W2
X1
-6
2
1
1
m-6
2m-6
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
5
1/2
-1/2
1/2
h1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
-m+3
1/2
-1/2
1/2
S1
0
0
-1
0
-m
-m
0
-1
0
-m
0
-1
0
S2
0
0
0
-1
0
-m
0
0
-1
m
0
0
-1
W1
-m
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
Solucin
W2
-m
0
0
1
-m
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
4
5
4m
9m
2
4
5
7m+6
1
3
4
47
Vb
Z
Mw1
h1
Z
W1
h1
Z
W1
X1
Z
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
X1
-5
1
12
m-5
1
12
X2
-5
1
-4
m-5
1
-4
2/3m-20/3
4/3
-1/3
X3
13
-13
10
-3m+13
-13
10
-83/6m+103/6
-83/2
5/6
h1
0
0
1
0
0
1
S1
0
-1
0
-m
-1
0
-1/12m+5/12
-1/12
1/12
W1
-m
1
0
0
1
0
-m
-1
0
Solucin
0
-20
90
-20m
-20
90
0
1
0
-55/2m+75/2
-55/2
15/2
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
1
0
0
x2 = 1
X2
0
0
0
1
h1
0
0
1
0
S1
-5
-1
-5
1
S2
0
1
7
-2
W1
-m+5
1
5
-1
W2
-m+10
-1/2
7
2
Solucin
55
2
29
1
Comprobacin
20(2) + 15 (1) =
40 + 15 = 55
48
26.
Min. Z = 4x1 + 5x2+ 6x3
Si a
2x1+6x2-2x330
4x1+8x2+4x3 10
X1; x2; x3 0
Min. Z = 4x1 + 5x2+ 6x3
s.a
2x1+6x2-2x3-S1+W1=30
4x1+8x2+4x3+h1=10
x1;x2;x3;S1;h1;w10
Min Z=4x1 + 5x2+ 6x3+MW1
min Z-4x1 - 5x2-6x3-MW1=0
Vb
Z
W1
h1
Z1
W1
h1
Z
1
0
0
1
0
0
X1
-4
2
4
2M-4
2
4
X2
-5
6
8
6M-5
6
8
X3
-6
-2
4
-2M-6
-2
4
S1
0
-1
0
-m
-1
0
h1
0
0
1
0
0
1
W1
-M
1
0
0
1
0
Solucion
0
30
10
3014
30
10
Vb
Z
X2
h1
Z
1
0
0
X1
- 7/3
1/3
4/3
X2
0
1
0
X3
-23/3
-1/3
20/3
S1
0
-1/6
4/3
h1
0
0
1
W1
-M+5/6
1/6
-4/3
Solucion
25
5
-30
X1= 0; X2 = 5, X3=0
Comprobacin
Min Z = 4(0)+ 5(5)+6(0)= 25 SOLUCION FACTIBLE
49
27.
Max R= 4x1+2x2
Si a 3x1-2x220
2x1-4x2-10 (-1)
X10; x2 libres
Max R= 4x1+2x2
Si a 3x1-2x220
-2x1+4x2-10 (-1)
X10; x2 libres
Max R= -4x1-2x2
Si a 3x1-2x220
2x1+4x2-10 (-1)
X1; h1; h20;x2 libre
Vb
X1
X2
H1
H2
Solucin
R
H1
H2
R
X1
H2
1
0
0
1
0
0
-4
3
-2
0
1
0
-2
-2
4
-14/3
-2/3
8/3
0
1
0
4/3
1/3
2/3
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
20
10
30/3
20/3
70/3
Vb
R
X1
X2
R
1
0
0
X1
0
1
0
X2
0
0
1
H1
5/2
1/6
1/4
H2
7/4
3/8
Solucin
135/2
25/2
35/4
Comprobar
X1=25/2
Mar R = 4(25/2) + 2(35/4)
=135/2
X2=35/4
50
28.- Usando el mtodo simples encuentre dos soluciones optimas del siguiente modelo
de P.L.
Max Z = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4
s.a.
x1 + x2
2
- x3 - x4 -5
x1, x2, x3, x4 0
a) Forma Cannica:
-min (- Z) = x1 - x2 - x3 - x4
s.a.
x1 + x2
2
x3 + x4 5
x1, x2, x3, x4 0
b) Forma Estndar
Max Z -x1 - x2 - x3 - x4 = 0
s.a.
x1 + x2 + h1 = 2
x3 + x4 + h1 = 5
Vb
Z
h1
h2
Z
1
0
0
X1
-1
1
0
X2
-1
1
0
X3
-1
0
1
X4
-1
0
1
h1
0
1
0
h2
0
0
1
Sol
0
2
5
Z
X1
h2
Z
X1
X3
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
-1
0
1
0
0
1
-1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
2
2
5
11/5
2
1/5
Max Z Z = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4
2 + 0 + 1/5 + 0 = 11/15
51
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
1
0
0
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
X7
Solucin
-5
0
3
0
0
-8
NO
-3
0
7
0
3
7
FACT
-4
1
0
0
0
3
FACT
-6
0
3
1
1
2
FACT
Pivotes
Q=1/4
pivotes
a) Determine la variable que sale si entra
I)
x2
II)
x4
III)
x6
IV)
x7
b) Para cada uno de los casos en a) determine el aumento o disminucin de Z
c) Indique y explique para uno de los casos en a0 si existe algn caso especial de
simples ( solucin mltiple, solucin no acotada o solucin degenerada)
1)
V.B.
Z
X1
X3
X5
Z
1
0
0
0
X1
0
1
0
0
X2
0
0
1
0
X3
0
0
0
1
X4
1
0
0
0
X5
0
1
0
0
X6
3/2
1/3
1/2
-1/3
X7
8/3
-1/3
0
1/3
Solucin
Z= 36
2
6
2
52
I=
H1
W2
W3
53
32.- En el modelo:
MIN Y =
s.a.
Vb
W1
W2
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
+W1+W2
+ 3x3 -S1 +W1
= 8
7x2
-S2 +W2 = 15
3x1 + x2
= 8
xi 0
5x1
X1
0
5
0
3
5
0
X2
0
0
7
1
0
7
X3
0
3
0
0
3
0
S1
-1
-1
0
0
-1
0
S2
-1
0
-1
0
0
-1
W1
1
1
0
0
1
0
W2
1
0
-1
0
0
-1
Z0
0
5
14
5
15
7
54
33.- Resolver por inspeccin y justifique su mtodo de solucin en trminos del mtodo
simplex
Max Z = 5x1 - 6x2 + 3x3 - 5x4 + 12x5
s.a
x1 + 3x2 + 5x3 + 6x4 + 3x5 90
xi 0
Max Z = 5x1 - 6x2 + 3x3 - 5x4 + 12x5
s.a
x1 + 3x2 + 5x3 + 6x4 + 3x5 -S1 +W1 = 90
xi, Si, Wi 0
Vb
W1
Z
1
0
1
X1
0
1
X2
0
3
X3
0
5
X4
0
6
X5
0
3
S1
-1
-1
W1
1
1
Z0
0
34
34.- Resolver:
Max Z = 2x1 - 4x2 + x53
s.a.
x1 + 4x2 - 2x3
-x1 + 2x2 + 3x3
x1,x2,x3,x4
- 6x4
+ 8x4 2
+ 4x4 1
0
Vb
W1
W2
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
X1
0
1
-1
2
1
-1
X2
0
4
2
-4
4
2
X3
0
2
3
5
2
3
X4
0
8
4
-6
8
4
S1
0
-1
0
0
-1
0
S2
0
0
-1
0
0
-1
W1
0
1
0
0
1
0
W2
0
0
1
0
0
1
Z0
1
14
4
5
28
9
55
Min Z = -3x1
s.a.
x1
2x1
xi
- 5x2 + 2x3
- 2x2 - 2x3 -10
+ 4x2 + 3x3 15
0, i = 1,2,3
Vb
W1
W2
W1
W2
Z
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
X1
0
-1
2
-3
-1
2
X2
0
-2
4
-5
-2
4
X3
0
-2
3
2
-2
3
S1
0
-1
0
0
-1
0
W1
0
1
0
0
1
0
W2
0
0
1
0
0
1
Z0
1
3
6
2
1
9
56
Ejercicio 1 Tarea 5:
57
58
59
1.2-Opcion 2 ejercicio 2:
60
61
Ejercicio 3
Ejecicio 4
62
Ejercicio 5
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
X7
X8
X9
X10
X11
X12
X13
X14
X15
X16
X17
X18
X19
X20
Direccion R.H.S.
Minimize
5
2
4
2
5
7
8
6
4
5
5
8
5
8
5
5
7
1
87
5
C1
4
2
2
3
9
8
8
5
5
5
4
4
2.4
6
3
2
1
8
8
2 <=
C2
1
5
8
3
2
5
8
3
5
4
4
7
0
2
3
5
5
5
8
1 <=
C3
1
3
2
2
8
0
5
3
1
5
2
2
9
3
9
4
6
4
8
3 <=
C4
1
3
4
6
3
1
4
8
4
7
3
4
5
6
7
6
2
9
8
0 <=
C5
5
3
1
3
7
2
8
5
4
3
9
6
6
6
9
5
4
2
8
2 <=
C6
2
1
3
4
2
4
5
2
6
9
1
2
4
5
6
7
9
2
7
2 <=
C7
2
6
6
7
6
6
9
5
9
7
6
1
7
2
4
4
5
2
5
4 <=
C8
1
5
3
4
8
5
4
8
7
2
4
7
3
2
7
0
5
3
8
8 <=
C9
1
7
5
6
4
3
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
5
7
4
3
5
4
4 <=
C10
2
2
1
2
4
8
6
5
9
4
1
2
4
3
2
5
7
5
5
5 <=
C11
2
4
1
5
6
4
4
4
5
3
5
1
2
3
4
7
7
6
5
5 <=
C12
2
7
6
3
0
0
0
5
5
4
5
5
7
6
4
2
6
4
2
1 <=
C13
3
2
5
6
1
5
4
2
8
4
4
3
4
9
2
1
4
1
7
2 <=
C14
5
6
5
3
6
4
3
7
6
5
7
4
9
2
3
5
5
4
5
0 <=
C15
4
5
8
3
0
0
9
7
4
4
0
3
5
5
2
1
1
3
0
2 <=
LowerBound
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
UpperBound M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
Variable Type Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous
Decision
Variable
Solution
Value
1 X1
2 X2
3 X3
4 X4
5 X5
6 X6
7 X7
8 X8
9 X9
10 X10
11 X11
12 X12
13 X13
14 X14
15 X15
16 X16
17 X17
18 X18
19 X19
20 X20
5
2
4
2
5
7
8
6
4
5
5
8
5
8
5
5
7
1
87
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Basis
Status
5 at bound
2 at bound
4 at bound
2 at bound
5 at bound
7 at bound
8 at bound
6 at bound
4 at bound
5 at bound
5 at bound
8 at bound
5 at bound
8 at bound
5 at bound
5 at bound
7 at bound
1 at bound
87 at bound
5 at bound
Objective
Function
(Min.) =
Constraint
Left Hand
Side
Direction
1 C1
2 C2
3 C3
4 C4
5 C5
6 C6
7 C7
8 C8
9 C9
10 C10
11 C11
12 C12
13 C13
14 C14
15 C15
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
0 <=
10
12
13
6
3
6
8
3
3
6
8
4
9
5
3
Allowable
Min. c(j)
10
12
13
6
3
6
8
3
3
6
8
4
9
5
3
Allowable
Max. c(j)
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
Shadow
Price
Allowable
Min. RHS
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Allowable
Max. RHS
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
0M
63
10
12
13
6
3
6
8
3
3
6
8
4
9
5
3
64