Método de Beta de Newmark
Método de Beta de Newmark
Método de Beta de Newmark
MAESTRA EN ESTRUCTURAS
DINMICA DE ESTRUCTURAS
22-FEBRERO-2012
ag
[cm/seg2]
0.000
93.762
203.587
248.413
90.127
-42.690
-199.218
-323.730
-195.661
-92.204
-85.379
-96.052
-53.362
17.787
28.460
167.129
92.494
-7.115
35.575
81.822
35.575
28.460
48.460
7.115
-17.787
-10.672
14.230
-3.557
-14.230
0.000
-14.230
0.000
xn1 xn
t n
xn xn1
2
xn 1 xn xn 1tn xn xn 1 tn2
(1)
(2)
(3)
Procedimiento directo
En el procedimiento directo cambia la frmula para encontrar la aceleracin, la
misma que se obtiene de manera definitiva sin necesidad de iterar. Las frmulas
empleadas en este procedimiento son las siguientes:
1
2 2
2
2 1
2
2
xn1 (1 0 tn 0 tn ) s(tn1 ) 0 xn (0 tn 20 ) xn 0 tn 0 tn xn
xn1 xn
t n
xn xn1
2
xn 1 xn xn 1tn xn xn 1 tn2
k 40T / cm 2
1/ 6
0.10
T0 1.5s
Se calcula la frecuencia natural del sistema sin amortiguamiento:
2 2
4.1888rad / s
T0 1.5s
(2)
(3)
(4)
0.05
1.5
10
T0
10
O.K.
t
[s]
0.0000
0.0500
0.1000
t
[s]
0.0000
0.0500
0.0500
sg
[cm/s2]
0.0000
93.7620
203.5870
[cm/s2]
0.0000
-91.1856
-190.3882
[cm/s]
0.0000
-2.2796
-9.3190
x
[cm]
0.0000
-0.0380
-0.3073
Fk
[T]
0.0000
-1.5198
-12.2917
1
2
t (s)
t (s)
sg (cm/s2)
0.30
0.35
0.05
0.05
-199.218
-323.73
(cm/s2)
(cm/s)
286.913158 -13.014123
401.299563 4.19119472
x (cm)
-4.37664605
-4.62104977
0 xn
tn
xn xn 1
2
tn
2 xn
xn xn 1
(5)
Como la frmula (5) est en funcin de n+1, se requiere un valor tentativo del
instante en que la velocidad sea cero para encontrar n+1.
Haciendo una interpolacin lineal entre las velocidades -13.01412cm/s y 4.19119
cm/s se halla un tiempo de 0.33782s para que exista una velocidad cero.
Con este valor tentativo del tiempo se calcula la aceleracin, la velocidad y el
desplazamiento en ese instante. Pero como n+1 depende de la aceleracin del
suelo sg es necesario que este valor est en funcin de t. Por eso se plantea la
ecuacin (6) para calcular sg y se muestra la figura 1 para un mejor entendimiento.
x2
x=0
t1
t2
x1
..sg
t1
tn
t2
..
sg1
..sg
..sg2
y mx b
sg 2 sg1
tn sg1
sg
t2 t1
5
(6)
t (s)
t (s)
sg (cm/s2)
(cm/s2)
0.3378201
0.3393067
0.3391152
0.3391397
0.3391365
0.3391369
0.0378201
0.0393067
0.0391152
0.0391397
0.0391365
0.0391369
-293.3990
-297.1012
-296.6241
-296.6852
-296.6774
-296.6784
375.26998
378.51295
378.09610
378.14947
378.14263
378.14351
(cm/s)
-0.49222
0.06374
-0.00815
0.00104
-0.00013
0.00002
x (cm)
-4.64258
-4.64296
-4.64296
-4.64296
-4.64296
-4.64296
t (s)
sg (cm/s2)
(cm/s2)
(cm/s)
x (cm)
0.8000
0.0500
92.4940
-227.36646
2.53475
7.56578
0.8500
0.0500
-7.115
-118.54530
-6.11304
7.45365
En esta tabla se aprecia que entre el tiempo 0.8s y 0.85s existe velocidad nula. Por
interpolacin entre ambas velocidades se tiene velocidad cero en el tiempo:
t = 0.8147s
t inicial = 0.0147s
Sin embargo este tiempo es tentativo, el tiempo exacto se lo determina
recalculando los valores de n+1, n+1, xn+1 y t hasta que la velocidad sea nula.
t (s)
t (s)
0.8146555
0.8119795
0.8118178
0.8118082
0.8118076
0.8118076
0.0146555
0.0119795
0.0118178
0.0118082
0.0118076
0.0118076
(cm/s2)
sg (cm/s2)
63.2976
68.6287
68.9508
68.9700
68.9712
68.9712
-195.81544
-201.60594
-201.95546
-201.97626
-201.97749
-201.97757
(cm/s)
-0.56622
-0.03468
-0.00207
-0.00012
-0.00001
-4.34E-07
x (cm)
7.57964
7.58045
7.58045
7.58045
7.58045
7.58045
t (s)
sg (cm/s2)
(cm/s2)
(cm/s)
x (cm)
1.4500
0.0500
0.0000
125.98509
-6.13346
-6.88744
1.5
0.05
-14.23
137.23761
0.44711
-7.03194
t (s)
1.4966028
1.4967039
1.4967008
1.4967009
0.0466028
0.0467039
0.0467008
0.0467009
(cm/s2)
sg (cm/s2)
-13.2632
-13.2919
-13.2910
-13.2911
(cm/s)
136.66801
136.68536
136.68483
136.68484
x (cm)
-0.01327
0.00041
-0.00001
3.77E-07
-7.03260
-7.03260
-7.03260
-7.03260
t
[s]
0.0000
0.0500
0.1000
0.1500
0.2000
0.2500
0.3000
0.3391369
0.3500
0.4000
0.4500
0.5000
sg
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
x
[cm]
Fk
[T]
0.0000
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0000
93.7620
203.5870
248.4130
90.1270
-42.6900
0.0000
-91.1856
-190.3882
-214.2148
-30.4017
122.4512
0.0000
-2.2796
-9.3190
-19.4341
-25.5495
-23.2482
0.0000
-0.0380
-0.3073
-1.0212
-2.1840
-3.4358
0.0000
-1.5198
-12.2917
-40.8462
-87.3615
-137.4330
0.0500
0.0391369
0.0109
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
-199.2180
-296.6782
-323.7300
-195.6610
-92.2040
-85.3790
286.9132
378.1434
401.2492
248.1833
114.7011
75.7402
-13.0141
0.0000
4.2333
20.4691
29.5412
34.3023
-4.3766
-4.6430
-4.6202
-3.9707
-2.6927
-1.0885
-175.0658
-185.7183
-184.8076
-158.8296
-107.7069
-43.5388
t
[s]
0.5500
0.6000
0.6500
0.7000
0.7500
0.8000
0.8118
0.8500
0.9000
0.9500
1.0000
1.0500
1.1000
1.1500
1.2000
1.2500
1.3000
1.3500
1.4000
1.4500
1.4967
1.5000
1.5500
t
[s]
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0118076
0.0381924
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.0500
0.04670089
0.00329911
0.0500
sg
[cm/s2]
-96.052
-53.362
17.787
28.460
167.129
92.494
68.971
-7.115
35.575
81.822
35.575
28.460
48.460
7.115
-17.787
-10.672
14.230
-3.557
-14.230
0.000
-13.291
-14.230
0.000
[cm/s2]
52.1526
-24.5956
-124.8451
-156.8707
-305.3785
-227.3665
-201.9775
-118.5350
-147.4729
-172.4000
-99.0048
-62.4326
-51.0569
21.6928
74.5624
90.9601
85.5114
118.1526
137.5054
125.9851
136.6849
137.2322
114.4901
[cm/s]
37.4996
38.1885
34.4525
27.4096
15.8534
2.5348
0.0000
-6.1206
-12.7708
-20.7676
-27.5527
-31.5887
-34.4259
-35.1600
-32.7536
-28.6156
-24.2038
-19.1122
-12.7207
-6.1335
0.0000
0.4518
6.7449
x
[cm]
0.7115
2.6197
4.4566
6.0098
7.1223
7.5658
7.5805
7.4534
6.9872
6.1539
4.9306
3.4445
1.7917
0.0369
-1.6719
-3.2096
-4.5289
-5.6186
-6.4185
-6.8874
-7.0326
-7.0319
-6.8472
Fk
[T]
28.4597
104.7873
178.2638
240.3928
284.8933
302.6313
303.2181
298.1372
279.4870
246.1563
197.2244
137.7782
71.6689
1.4767
-66.8775
-128.3833
-181.1572
-224.7452
-256.7393
-275.4975
-281.3041
-281.2743
-273.8880
En la tabla de resultados las filas que contienen la velocidad nula estn en letra
cursiva y subrayada, y los valores mximos de respuesta se encuentran con
negrita.
Resumen de resultados
Aceleracin mxima max = 401.2492cm/s2
Velocidad mxima max = 38.1885cm/s
Desplazamiento mximo xmax = 7.5805cm
t
[s]
0
0.05
t
[s]
0
0.05
sg
[cm/s2]
0
93.762
[cm/s2]
0
-100
-90.9365231
-91.1926095
-91.1853739
-91.1855783
-91.1855725
[cm/s]
0
-2.5
-2.27341308
-2.27981524
-2.27963435
-2.27963946
-2.27963931
x
[cm]
Fk
[T]
0
0
-0.04166667
-0.03789022
-0.03799692
-0.03799391
-0.03799399
-0.03799399 -1.51975954
Para este ejemplo se va a trabajar con una tolerancia de 1x10-5 para que el valor de
la aceleracin sea aceptado.
91 .1855725 91.1855783 10 5
5.8 10 6 10 5
O.K.
sg
Fk
[s]
[s]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
[cm]
[T]
93.762
-100
-90.936523
-2.500000
-2.273413
-0.041667
-0.037890
-91.192610
-2.279815
-0.037997
-91.185374
-2.279634
-0.037994
-91.185578
-91.185573
-91.185573
-100
-192.942104
-190.316046
-190.390245
-190.388148
-190.388208
-190.388206
-190.388206
-200
-214.616456
-214.203472
-214.215141
-214.214811
-214.214820
-214.214820
-100
-28.435203
-30.457249
-30.400117
-30.401731
-30.401686
-30.401687
-30.401687
-50
127.323811
122.313567
122.455131
122.451131
122.451244
122.451241
122.451241
-2.279639
-2.279639
-2.279639
-7.059279
-9.382831
-9.317180
-9.319035
-9.318982
-9.318984
-9.318984
-9.318984
-19.078689
-19.444100
-19.433776
-19.434067
-19.434059
-19.434059
-19.434059
-27.289430
-25.500310
-25.550861
-25.549433
-25.549473
-25.549472
-25.549472
-25.549472
-27.559514
-23.126419
-23.251675
-23.248136
-23.248236
-23.248233
-23.248233
-23.248233
-0.037994
-0.037994
-0.037994
-0.269631
-0.308356
-0.307262
-0.307293
-0.307292
-0.307292
-0.307292
-0.307292
-1.015232
-1.021322
-1.021150
-1.021155
-1.021155
-1.021155
-1.021155
-2.213037
-2.183218
-2.184060
-2.184037
-2.184037
-2.184037
-2.184037
-2.184037
-3.507679
-3.433794
-3.435882
-3.435823
-3.435824
-3.435824
-3.435824
-3.435824
0
0.05
0.1
0.05
0.05
203.587
0.15
0.05
248.413
0.2
0.05
90.127
0.25
0.05
-42.69
10
-1.51976
-12.29169
-40.84618
-87.36149
-137.43297
sg
Fk
[s]
[s]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
[cm]
[T]
0.3
0.05
-199.218
-16.436952
-12.917412
-13.016856
-13.014046
-13.014125
-13.014123
-13.014123
-13.014123
-1.529143
0.031919
-0.000664
0.000016
0.000001
0.000002
0.000002
2.597061
4.241322
4.233272
4.233312
4.233311
4.233311
19.264542
20.503159
20.468163
20.469151
20.469123
20.469124
20.469124
20.469124
31.673707
29.480983
29.542938
29.541187
29.541237
29.541235
29.541235
29.541235
-4.433693
-4.375034
-4.376692
-4.376645
-4.376646
-4.376646
-4.376646
-4.376646
-4.662906
-4.642541
-4.642966
-4.642957
-4.642957
-4.642957
-4.642957
-4.626116
-4.620162
-4.620191
-4.620191
-4.620191
-4.620191
-3.990818
-3.970174
-3.970757
-3.970741
-3.970741
-3.970741
-3.970741
-3.970741
-2.657132
-2.693678
-2.692645
-2.692674
-2.692673
-2.692673
-2.692673
-2.692673
150
290.781607
286.803856
286.916246
286.913071
286.913160
286.913158
286.913158
0.3391369 0.0391369 -296.6782
300
379.774423
378.109307
378.144062
378.143337
378.143352
378.143352
0.35
0.0108631 -323.73
100
402.723947
401.241988
401.249243
401.249207
401.249207
0.4
0.05
-195.661
200
249.544713
248.144839
248.184392
248.183274
248.183306
248.183305
248.183305
0.45
0.05
-92.204
200
112.291041
114.769238
114.699217
114.701195
114.701139
114.701141
114.701141
11
-175.06584
-185.71828
-184.80763
-158.82965
-107.70693
sg
Fk
[s]
[s]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
[cm]
[T]
0.5
0.05
-85.379
100
75.054779
75.759600
75.739686
75.740248
75.740232
75.740233
75.740233
100
50.800692
52.190807
52.151529
52.152639
52.152608
52.152609
52.152609
50
-26.703290
-24.536056
-24.597291
-24.595561
-24.595610
-24.595608
-24.595609
-24.595609
-100
-125.547089
-124.825262
-124.845657
-124.845081
-124.845097
-124.845097
-100
-158.4775443
-156.825275
-156.871959
-156.870640
-156.870677
-156.870676
-156.870676
34.908764
34.285133
34.302754
34.302256
34.302270
34.302270
34.302270
34.302270
38.695776
37.465793
37.500546
37.499564
37.499592
37.499591
37.499591
37.499591
40.053406
38.135824
38.190005
38.188474
38.188517
38.188516
38.188516
38.188516
38.188516
35.073626
34.434948
34.452994
34.452484
34.452499
34.452498
34.452498
28.831371
27.369432
27.410739
27.409572
27.409605
27.409604
27.409604
27.409604
-1.078361
-1.088754
-1.088461
-1.088469
-1.088469
-1.088469
-1.088469
-1.088469
0.731428
0.710928
0.711508
0.711491
0.711492
0.711492
0.711492
0.711492
2.650765
2.618805
2.619708
2.619683
2.619684
2.619684
2.619684
2.619684
2.619684
4.466946
4.456302
4.456603
4.456594
4.456594
4.456594
4.456594
6.033515
6.009149
6.009838
6.009818
6.009819
6.009819
6.009819
6.009819
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
-96.052
-53.362
17.787
28.46
12
-43.53876
28.45967
104.78734
178.26377
240.39275
t
[s]
t
[s]
sg
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
x
[cm]
0.75
0.05
167.129
-100
-311.181397
-305.214515
-305.383108
-305.378345
-305.378479
-305.378476
-305.378476
-100
-230.965171
-227.264780
-227.369334
-227.366380
-227.366463
-227.366461
-227.366461
-100
-202.523491
-201.974614
-201.977553
-201.977537
-201.977537
-100
-118.910626
-118.527429
-118.535194
-118.535037
-118.535040
-118.535040
-150
-147.401481
-147.474901
-147.472827
-147.472886
-147.472884
-147.472884
-150
-173.032927
-172.382137
-172.400525
-172.400005
-172.400020
-172.400020
20.987837
15.708302
15.857474
15.853259
15.853378
15.853375
15.853375
15.853375
5.718913
2.444784
2.537294
2.534680
2.534754
2.534752
2.534752
2.534752
0.602045
-0.003233
0.000008
-0.000010
-0.000010
-0.000010
-5.766633
-6.127754
-6.120436
-6.120585
-6.120582
-6.120582
-6.120582
-12.833958
-12.768995
-12.770830
-12.770778
-12.770780
-12.770780
-12.770780
-20.207602
-20.783425
-20.767155
-20.767615
-20.767602
-20.767602
-20.767602
7.207907
7.119915
7.122401
7.122330
7.122332
7.122332
7.122332
7.122332
7.618852
7.564284
7.565825
7.565782
7.565783
7.565783
7.565783
7.565783
7.582822
7.580440
7.580453
7.580453
7.580453
7.580453
7.457936
7.453338
7.453432
7.453430
7.453430
7.453430
7.453430
6.986122
6.987204
6.987174
6.987174
6.987174
6.987174
6.987174
6.163241
6.153644
6.153916
6.153908
6.153908
6.153908
6.153908
0.8
0.05
92.494
0.85
0.0381924
-7.115
0.9
0.05
35.575
0.95
0.05
81.822
13
Fk
[T]
284.89330
302.63132
303.21811
298.13719
279.48698
246.15632
sg
Fk
[s]
[s]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
[cm]
[T]
0.05
35.575
-150
-97.563917
-99.045486
-99.003625
-99.004808
-99.004774
-99.004775
-99.004775
-100
-61.371182
-62.462631
-62.431792
-62.432663
-62.432639
-62.432639
-50
-51.086776
-51.056069
-51.056937
-51.056912
-51.056913
-51.056913
-50
23.718470
21.635572
21.694424
21.692761
21.692808
21.692807
21.692807
20
76.103997
74.518791
74.563581
74.562315
74.562351
74.562350
74.562350
-28.827603
-27.516701
-27.553740
-27.552694
-27.552723
-27.552722
-27.552722
-27.552722
-32.527842
-31.562121
-31.589407
-31.588637
-31.588658
-31.588658
-31.588658
-34.399474
-34.426643
-34.425875
-34.425897
-34.425896
-34.425897
-34.425897
-36.952319
-35.109358
-35.161430
-35.159959
-35.160000
-35.159999
-35.159999
-35.159999
-34.117679
-32.715079
-32.754709
-32.753589
-32.753621
-32.753620
-32.753620
-32.753620
4.909361
4.931210
4.930592
4.930610
4.930609
4.930609
4.930609
4.930609
3.428803
3.444898
3.444443
3.444456
3.444456
3.444456
3.444456
1.792162
1.791709
1.791722
1.791722
1.791722
1.791722
1.791722
0.007046
0.037762
0.036894
0.036919
0.036918
0.036918
0.036918
0.036918
-1.694671
-1.671294
-1.671955
-1.671936
-1.671937
-1.671937
-1.671937
-1.671937
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
28.46
48.46
7.115
-17.787
14
197.22437
137.77822
71.66887
1.47673
-66.87747
t
[s]
t
[s]
sg
[cm/s2]
1.25
0.05
-10.672
[cm/s2]
100
90.704711
90.967347
90.959926
90.960136
90.960130
90.960130
1.3
0.05
14.23
100
85.101980
85.522920
85.511026
85.511362
85.511353
85.511353
1.35
0.05
-3.557
100
118.665539
118.138148
118.153049
118.152628
118.152640
118.152640
1.4
0.05
-14.23
100
138.565068
137.4754209
137.5062086
137.5053387
137.5053633
137.5053626
1.45
0.05
0
100
126.719292
125.964345
125.985676
125.985073
125.985090
125.985090
1.4967009 0.0467009 -13.2911
100
137.636472
136.660186
136.685510
136.684854
136.684871
136.684870
136.684870
15
[cm/s]
x
[cm]
-28.389561
-28.621944
-28.615378
-28.615563
-28.615558
-28.615558
-28.615558
-23.841555
-24.214005
-24.203482
-24.203779
-24.203771
-24.203771
-24.203771
-19.565987
-19.099349
-19.112534
-19.112161
-19.112172
-19.112171
-19.112171
-13.658355
-12.694229
-12.721470
-12.720700
-12.720722
-12.720721
-12.720721
-6.783087
-6.115105
-6.133979
-6.133445
-6.133460
-6.133460
-6.133460
-0.856608
0.022221
-0.000576
0.000015
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
-3.205816
-3.209689
-3.209579
-3.209583
-3.209582
-3.209582
-3.209582
-4.522894
-4.529101
-4.528926
-4.528931
-4.528931
-4.528931
-4.528931
-5.626193
-5.618416
-5.618635
-5.618629
-5.618629
-5.618629
-5.618629
-6.434111
-6.418042
-6.418496
-6.418483
-6.418483
-6.418483
-6.418483
-6.898265
-6.887132
-6.887447
-6.887438
-6.887438
-6.887438
-6.887438
-7.045936
-7.032256
-7.032611
-7.032601
-7.032602
-7.032602
-7.032602
-7.032602
Fk
[T]
-128.38330
-181.15722
-224.74517
-256.73934
-275.49752
-281.30407
sg
Fk
[s]
[s]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s2]
[cm/s]
[cm]
[T]
1.5
0.0032991
-14.23
100
137.2848048
137.2320932
137.2321677
137.2321676
100
114.8995482
114.4785649
114.4904597
114.4901236
114.4901331
114.4901328
0.390425
0.451929
0.451842
0.451842
0.451842
6.382646
6.755135
6.744610
6.744907
6.744899
6.744899
6.744899
-7.031924
-7.031857
-7.031857
-7.031857
-7.031857
-6.853238
-6.847030
-6.847205
-6.847200
-6.847200
-6.847200
-6.847200
1.55
0.05
-281.27427
-273.88801
Resumen de resultados
Aceleracin mxima max = 401.2492cm/s2
Velocidad mxima max = 38.1885cm/s
Desplazamiento mximo xmax = 7.5805cm
Se aprecia que los resultados obtenidos por el procedimiento iterativo son idnticos
a los del procedimiento directo ya que se trabaj con una tolerancia adecuada, lo
cual se facilita gracias al empleo del computador.
16
Aceleracin [cm/s2]
400.0000
300.0000
200.0000
100.0000
0.0000
0.0000
-100.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
1.2000
1.4000
1.6000
-200.0000
-300.0000
-400.0000
Tiempo [s]
Velocidad [cm/s]
30.0000
20.0000
10.0000
0.0000
0.0000
-10.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
1.2000
-20.0000
-30.0000
-40.0000
Tiempo [s]
17
1.4000
1.6000
10.0000
Desplazamiento [cm]
8.0000
6.0000
4.0000
2.0000
0.0000
0.0000
-2.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
1.2000
1.4000
-4.0000
-6.0000
-8.0000
Tiempo [s]
18
1.6000