UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS

ESPE
EXTENSIÓN LATACUNGA
ELECTRÓNICA Y AUTOMATIZACIÓN

• NOMBRE: PANTUSIN FERNANDO

• CURSO: IV NIVEL

• NRC: 7795

• ASIGNATURA: ELECTRÓNICA APLICADA

• PROFESOR: ING. JOSÉ BUCHELI

• FECHA: 01 SEPTIEMBRE DEL 2020

 Oscilador Controlado por Voltaje VCO
1. INTRODUCCIÓN:
Un Oscilador controlado por voltaje o llamado también VCO, es un
dispositivo electrónico que usa amplificación, realimentación y circuitos
resonantes que da a su salida una señal eléctrica de frecuencia proporcional
a un voltaje de entrada. Dicha señal comúnmente es una señal cuadrada,
aunque también puede ser señal senoidal o triangular.
2. DESARROLLO:
2.1.Definición:
Un oscilador controlado por voltaje (VCO) es un circuito que
proporciona una señal de salida variable (por lo general de onda cuadrada
o triangular) cuya frecuencia puede ajustarse dentro de un intervalo fijo
por un voltaje de cd. (Boylestad, 2009)
2.2.Principio de Funcionamiento y VCO en circuito integrado:
Un ejemplo de un VCO es la unidad de circuito integrado 566, la cual
contiene circuitos que generan tanto señales de onda cuadrada como de
onda triangular cuya frecuencia la fija un capacitor y un resistor externos
y luego varía por efecto de un voltaje de cd aplicado. La figura 1 muestra
que el 566 contiene fuentes de corriente para cargar y descargar un
capacitor externo C1 a una velocidad establecida por el resistor externo
R1 y el voltaje de entrada de cd modulador. Se utiliza un circuito
disparador de Schmitt para conmutar fuentes de corriente entre la carga
y descarga del capacitor y el voltaje triangular desarrollado a través del
capacitor y la onda cuadrada del disparador de Schmitt provistos como
salidas a través de amplificadores de acoplamiento.

Figura 1. Diagrama de bloques del integrado 566

 Figura 2. Circuito integrado 566

La configuración para un oscilador controlado por voltaje está dada por

la figura 3. La frecuencia de la señal de salida está dada por la siguiente
fórmula:
2 𝑉𝑐𝑐 − 𝑉𝑐
𝑓𝑜 = ( )
𝑅1 𝐶1 𝑉𝑐𝑐

Figura 3. Oscilador controlado por voltaje

2.3.Diseño:
Consideraciones:
2𝑘Ω ≤ 𝑅1 ≤ 20𝑘Ω
0.75𝑉𝑐𝑐 ≤ 𝑉𝑐 ≤ 𝑉𝑐𝑐
𝑓𝑜 ≤ 1𝑀𝐻𝑧
10v ≤ Vcc ≤ 24v
Se toma un voltaje de alimentación Vcc = 24v y se asume una
capacitancia de 820pF.
La resistencia debe estar un valor entre 2k y 20k, por lo tanto, asumimos
un resistor de 20k. La frecuencia va a variar dependiendo del voltaje de
entrada.

Figura 4. Circuito implementado en Proteus

Figura 5. Gráfica de las señales de salida con mayor frecuencia para
este divisor de tensión

Figura 6. Gráfica de las señales de salida con menor frecuencia para

este divisor de tensión
 LM566C Voltage Controlled Oscillator
February 1995

LM566C Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Y High temperature stability
General Description Y Excellent supply voltage rejection
The LM566CN is a general purpose voltage controlled oscil- Y 10 to 1 frequency range with fixed capacitor
lator which may be used to generate square and triangular
waves, the frequency of which is a very linear function of a
Y Frequency programmable by means of current, voltage,
control voltage. The frequency is also a function of an exter- resistor or capacitor
nal resistor and capacitor.
The LM566CN is specified for operation over the 0§ C to Applications
a 70§ C temperature range. Y FM modulation
Y Signal generation
Features Y Function generation
Y Wide supply voltage range: 10V to 24V Y Frequency shift keying
Y Very linear modulation characteristics Y Tone generation

Connection Diagram Typical Application

Dual-In-Line Package 1 kHz and 10 kHz TTL Compatible
Voltage Controlled Oscillator

TL/H/7854 – 2
Order Number LM566CN
See NS Package Number N08E

TL/H/7854 – 3

C1995 National Semiconductor Corporation TL/H/7854 RRD-B30M115/Printed in U. S. A.

Absolute Maximum Ratings
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales
Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.
Power Supply Voltage 26V
Power Dissipation (Note 1) 1000 mW
Operating Temperature Range, LM566CN 0§ C to a 70§ C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) a 260§ C

Electrical Characteristics VCC e 12V, TA e 25§ C, AC Test Circuit

LM566C
Parameter Conditions Units
Min Typ Max
Maximum Operating R0 e 2k
0.5 1 MHz
Frequency C0 e 2.7 pF
VCO Free-Running CO e 1.5 nF
Frequency RO e 20k b 30 0 a 30 %
fO e 10 kHz
Input Voltage Range Pin 5 */4 VCC VCC
Average Temperature Coefficient
200 ppm/§ C
of Operating Frequency
Supply Voltage Rejection 10–20V 0.1 2 %/V
Input Impedance Pin 5 0.5 1 MX
VCO Sensitivity For Pin 5, From
6.0 6.6 7.2 kHz/V
8–10V, fO e 10 kHz
FM Distortion g 10% Deviation 0.2 1.5 %
Maximum Sweep Rate 1 MHz
Sweep Range 10:1
Output Impedance
Pin 3 50 X
Pin 4 50 X
Square Wave Output Level RL1 e 10k 5.0 5.4 Vp-p
Triangle Wave Output Level RL2 e 10k 2.0 2.4 Vp-p
Square Wave Duty Cycle 40 50 60 %
Square Wave Rise Time 20 ns
Square Wave Fall Time 50 ns
Triangle Wave Linearity a 1V Segment at
0.5 %
(/2 VCC
Note 1: The maximum junction temperature of the LM566CN is 150§ C. For operation at elevated junction temperatures, maximum power dissipation must be
derated based on a thermal resistance of 115§ C/W, junction to ambient.

Applications Information
The LM566CN may be operated from either a single supply A 0.001 mF capacitor is connected between pins 5 and 6 to
as shown in this test circuit, or from a split ( g ) power sup- prevent parasitic oscillations that may occur during VCO
ply. When operating from a split supply, the square wave switching.
output (pin 3) is TTL compatible (2 mA current sink) with the
addition of a 4.7 kX resistor from pin 3 to ground. 2.4(V a b V5)
fO e
RO CO V a

where
2K k RO k 20K
and V5 is voltage between pin 5 and pin 1.

2
Schematic Diagram

TL/H/7854 – 1

3
Typical Performance Characteristics
Operating Frequency as a Operating Frequency as a Normalized Frequency as a
Function of Timing Resistor Function of Timing Capacitor Function of Control Voltage

Power Supply Current Temperature Stability VCO Waveforms

Frequency Stability vs Load

Resistance (Square Wave Frequency Stability vs Load Square Wave Output
Output) Impedance (Triangle Output) Characteristics

TL/H/7854 – 4
Triangle Wave Output
Characteristics
AC Test Circuit

TL/H/7854 – 5

TL/H/7854 – 6

4
5
LM566C Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters)

Molded Dual-In-Line Package (N)

Order Number LM566CN
NS Package Number N08E

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3. BIBLIOGRAFÍA:

Boylestad, R. (2009). Electrónica: Teoría de circuitos y dispositivos electrónicos

(Décima ed.). México: PEARSON EDUCACIÓN.

National Semiconductor (1995). LM566 DATASHEET. National Semiconductor

Corporation. USA