Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with health outcomes. Resilience f... more Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with health outcomes. Resilience factors provide opportunities to mitigate ACEs. This study aimed to understand ACEs and resilience in students at a university in the United States. Methods Students in the 2018-2019 health explorations course completed an online questionnaire (N = 82). Descriptive statistics were completed for all variables. ACE score was created by adding yes responses to ACE questions (range 0-10). Resilience scores were calculated using the Devereux Adult Resilience Scale (DARS, range 20-46). Simple and multiple linear regression were completed with ACE and resilience as outcome measures. Age, gender, family structure, and profession were used as predictors. Results Mean age was 18.4 (SD 1.9%), majority of respondents were female (89%), white (92.7%), rural (55.3%), and single (95.1%). Mean ACE score was 1.63 (SD = 1.99) with 40% reporting no ACEs, 26% three or more, and 18% four or more. DARS score (...
Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology, Jan 23, 2015
Gestational diabetes (GDM) occurs in up to 9% of pregnancies. Perinatal depression affects up to ... more Gestational diabetes (GDM) occurs in up to 9% of pregnancies. Perinatal depression affects up to 20% of women during pregnancy, and can extend into the postpartum period. A number of studies have linked depression and diabetes, however, whether this applies to GDM or which might come first is less understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential relationship between depression identified in the first trimester of pregnancy and the subsequent development of GDM. Women without pre-existing Type I/II diabetes (n = 1021) were evaluated for depression during the first trimester of pregnancy, and medical records were reviewed to identify a positive history of diabetes. Women identified as depressed during the first trimester were more likely to have GDM compared to those not depressed. After controlling for demographic factors and weight-related variables level of depression in the first trimester still predicted later GDM development. Depression identified in early preg...
Purpose: Infants delivered at 37 weeks gestation or later have been considered full term, but rec... more Purpose: Infants delivered at 37 weeks gestation or later have been considered full term, but recent research demonstrates those born at 37-38 weeks (early term) have higher risk for poor birth outcomes than deliveries at 39-41 weeks (full term). Despite this, a high percentage of deliveries still occur electively (scheduled with no medical indication) prior to 39 weeks. This study examined these risks in a disadvantaged, rural sample, particularly among those who electively delivered early term, and compared these results to national findings. Methods: Data were available for 1772 women, recruited prenatally, from three counties in rural, Southern Appalachia who delivered at 37+ weeks. Findings: Compared with full term infants, those delivered early term were significantly smaller, had longer hospital stays with higher rates of NICU admission and were more likely to develop jaundice. Similarly, among those with elective deliveries, compared with full term infants, those born early ...
Infants delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation are considered full term, but research has demonst... more Infants delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation are considered full term, but research has demonstrated those born at 37 to 38 weeks (early term) have a higher risk for poor birth outcomes than deliveries at 39 to 41 weeks (full term). Despite this, many deliveries occur electively (scheduled, no medical indication) before 39 weeks. This study examined the risks of elective early-term delivery in a disadvantaged, rural sample and compared these results with national findings. Data were available for 638 rural women, recruited prenatally from three counties in rural southern Appalachia, who delivered electively at ≥ 37 weeks. Compared with electively delivered full-term infants, those delivered electively at early term were 7.7 times more likely to be low birth weight, 4.4 times more likely to have a neonatal intensive care unit admission, and 2.5 times more likely to develop jaundice. Those living furthest from the hospital were most likely to deliver electively at <39 weeks. Alth...
Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with health outcomes. Resilience f... more Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with health outcomes. Resilience factors provide opportunities to mitigate ACEs. This study aimed to understand ACEs and resilience in students at a university in the United States. Methods Students in the 2018-2019 health explorations course completed an online questionnaire (N = 82). Descriptive statistics were completed for all variables. ACE score was created by adding yes responses to ACE questions (range 0-10). Resilience scores were calculated using the Devereux Adult Resilience Scale (DARS, range 20-46). Simple and multiple linear regression were completed with ACE and resilience as outcome measures. Age, gender, family structure, and profession were used as predictors. Results Mean age was 18.4 (SD 1.9%), majority of respondents were female (89%), white (92.7%), rural (55.3%), and single (95.1%). Mean ACE score was 1.63 (SD = 1.99) with 40% reporting no ACEs, 26% three or more, and 18% four or more. DARS score (...
Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology, Jan 23, 2015
Gestational diabetes (GDM) occurs in up to 9% of pregnancies. Perinatal depression affects up to ... more Gestational diabetes (GDM) occurs in up to 9% of pregnancies. Perinatal depression affects up to 20% of women during pregnancy, and can extend into the postpartum period. A number of studies have linked depression and diabetes, however, whether this applies to GDM or which might come first is less understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential relationship between depression identified in the first trimester of pregnancy and the subsequent development of GDM. Women without pre-existing Type I/II diabetes (n = 1021) were evaluated for depression during the first trimester of pregnancy, and medical records were reviewed to identify a positive history of diabetes. Women identified as depressed during the first trimester were more likely to have GDM compared to those not depressed. After controlling for demographic factors and weight-related variables level of depression in the first trimester still predicted later GDM development. Depression identified in early preg...
Purpose: Infants delivered at 37 weeks gestation or later have been considered full term, but rec... more Purpose: Infants delivered at 37 weeks gestation or later have been considered full term, but recent research demonstrates those born at 37-38 weeks (early term) have higher risk for poor birth outcomes than deliveries at 39-41 weeks (full term). Despite this, a high percentage of deliveries still occur electively (scheduled with no medical indication) prior to 39 weeks. This study examined these risks in a disadvantaged, rural sample, particularly among those who electively delivered early term, and compared these results to national findings. Methods: Data were available for 1772 women, recruited prenatally, from three counties in rural, Southern Appalachia who delivered at 37+ weeks. Findings: Compared with full term infants, those delivered early term were significantly smaller, had longer hospital stays with higher rates of NICU admission and were more likely to develop jaundice. Similarly, among those with elective deliveries, compared with full term infants, those born early ...
Infants delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation are considered full term, but research has demonst... more Infants delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation are considered full term, but research has demonstrated those born at 37 to 38 weeks (early term) have a higher risk for poor birth outcomes than deliveries at 39 to 41 weeks (full term). Despite this, many deliveries occur electively (scheduled, no medical indication) before 39 weeks. This study examined the risks of elective early-term delivery in a disadvantaged, rural sample and compared these results with national findings. Data were available for 638 rural women, recruited prenatally from three counties in rural southern Appalachia, who delivered electively at ≥ 37 weeks. Compared with electively delivered full-term infants, those delivered electively at early term were 7.7 times more likely to be low birth weight, 4.4 times more likely to have a neonatal intensive care unit admission, and 2.5 times more likely to develop jaundice. Those living furthest from the hospital were most likely to deliver electively at <39 weeks. Alth...
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