Fungal endophytes are microorganisms that reside in internal tissues of living plants without cau... more Fungal endophytes are microorganisms that reside in internal tissues of living plants without causing immediate or negative effects. In order to identification of the endophytic fungi of grapevine trees that is one of the oldest and most important cultivated plants, during summer and autumn seasons in 2011, samples from healthy shoots and leaves were collected from the Urmia and Sardasht regions in western Azerbaijan province. The samples were transferred to the laboratory, washed thoroughly with running tap water for about 15 min before surface treatments. Surface sterilization was done by the method of Schultz et al. (1993). Plant parts were washed 4-5 times with sterile distilled water, then surface sterilized for 1 minute in 70% ethanol followed by 15 minutes in 3% sodium hypochlorite, and finally were washed 4-5 times with sterile distilled water. Sterilized plant materials were cut into small pieces and transferred on PDA plates. Plates were incubated under constant darkness a...
Here, we report the surprising and, to our knowledge, unique example of horizontal interkingdom t... more Here, we report the surprising and, to our knowledge, unique example of horizontal interkingdom transfer of a human opportunistic pathogen (Propionibacterium acnes) to a crop plant (the domesticated grapevine Vitis vinifera L.). Humans, like most organisms, have established a long-lasting cohabitation with a variety of microbes, including pathogens and gut-associated bacteria. Studies which have investigated the dynamics of such associations revealed numerous cases of bacterial host switches from domestic animals to humans. Much less is, however, known about the exchange of microbial symbionts between humans and plants. Fluorescent in situ hybridization localized P. acnes in the bark, in xylem fibers, and, more interestingly, inside pith tissues. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses suggest that the establishment of the grapevine-associated P. acnes as obligate endophyte is compatible with a recent transfer event, likely during the Neolithic, when grapevine was domesticated.
Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR, 2015
All plants are inhabited internally by diverse microbial communities comprising bacterial, archae... more All plants are inhabited internally by diverse microbial communities comprising bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and protistic taxa. These microorganisms showing endophytic lifestyles play crucial roles in plant development, growth, fitness, and diversification. The increasing awareness of and information on endophytes provide insight into the complexity of the plant microbiome. The nature of plant-endophyte interactions ranges from mutualism to pathogenicity. This depends on a set of abiotic and biotic factors, including the genotypes of plants and microbes, environmental conditions, and the dynamic network of interactions within the plant biome. In this review, we address the concept of endophytism, considering the latest insights into evolution, plant ecosystem functioning, and multipartite interactions.
Fungal endophytes are microorganisms that reside in internal tissues of living plants without cau... more Fungal endophytes are microorganisms that reside in internal tissues of living plants without causing immediate or negative effects. In order to identification of the endophytic fungi of grapevine trees that is one of the oldest and most important cultivated plants, during summer and autumn seasons in 2011, samples from healthy shoots and leaves were collected from the Urmia and Sardasht regions in western Azerbaijan province. The samples were transferred to the laboratory, washed thoroughly with running tap water for about 15 min before surface treatments. Surface sterilization was done by the method of Schultz et al. (1993). Plant parts were washed 4-5 times with sterile distilled water, then surface sterilized for 1 minute in 70% ethanol followed by 15 minutes in 3% sodium hypochlorite, and finally were washed 4-5 times with sterile distilled water. Sterilized plant materials were cut into small pieces and transferred on PDA plates. Plates were incubated under constant darkness a...
Here, we report the surprising and, to our knowledge, unique example of horizontal interkingdom t... more Here, we report the surprising and, to our knowledge, unique example of horizontal interkingdom transfer of a human opportunistic pathogen (Propionibacterium acnes) to a crop plant (the domesticated grapevine Vitis vinifera L.). Humans, like most organisms, have established a long-lasting cohabitation with a variety of microbes, including pathogens and gut-associated bacteria. Studies which have investigated the dynamics of such associations revealed numerous cases of bacterial host switches from domestic animals to humans. Much less is, however, known about the exchange of microbial symbionts between humans and plants. Fluorescent in situ hybridization localized P. acnes in the bark, in xylem fibers, and, more interestingly, inside pith tissues. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses suggest that the establishment of the grapevine-associated P. acnes as obligate endophyte is compatible with a recent transfer event, likely during the Neolithic, when grapevine was domesticated.
Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR, 2015
All plants are inhabited internally by diverse microbial communities comprising bacterial, archae... more All plants are inhabited internally by diverse microbial communities comprising bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and protistic taxa. These microorganisms showing endophytic lifestyles play crucial roles in plant development, growth, fitness, and diversification. The increasing awareness of and information on endophytes provide insight into the complexity of the plant microbiome. The nature of plant-endophyte interactions ranges from mutualism to pathogenicity. This depends on a set of abiotic and biotic factors, including the genotypes of plants and microbes, environmental conditions, and the dynamic network of interactions within the plant biome. In this review, we address the concept of endophytism, considering the latest insights into evolution, plant ecosystem functioning, and multipartite interactions.
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Papers by Andrea Campisano