A young academic interested in research and research findings. Phone: +2348067372160 Address: Department of Biochemistry,Federal University Dutse,Ibrahim Aliyu Bypass PMB 7156 Dutse Jigawa State
International Journal of Ethnomedicine and Pharmacognosy, 2015
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or enhance its taste and appearan... more Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or enhance its taste and appearance. However, the use of monosodium glutamate (MSG) has raised a lot of controversies regarding health concerns of its usage especially in relation to dyslipidaemia. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of MSG on weight and lipid profile of experimental animals, and its possible atherosclerotic potential Methods: Four groups of male Wister rats (n=5, mean weight 126g) were administered MSG at dose levels of 0, 4 mg/kg body weight, 8 mg/kg body weight and 16mg/kg body weight for a period of 14 days. Changes in weight and lipid profile of all groups were evaluated after the last day of treatment. Results: Results showed that oral administration of the stated dosages of MSG significantly (p>0.05%) decreased serum levels of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with a simultaneous significant (p>0.05%) increase in the level of serum Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Very low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). However, oral MSG at the applied doses has shown no effect on the level of serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDLC). Conclusion: We therefore concluded that with the increase in serum TAG level, and non-responsive serum HDL level, MSG stands to be one of the agents capable of increasing the risk of atheroma development and subsequent atherosclerosis.
The discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR‐associated ... more The discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9) technology has brought advances in the genetic manipulation of eukaryotic cells, which has revolutionised cancer research and treatment options. It is increasingly being used in cancer immunotherapy, including adoptive T and natural killer (NK) cell transfer, secretion of antibodies, cytokine stimulation and overcoming immune checkpoints. CRISPR‐Cas9 technology is used in autologous T cells and NK cells to express various innovative antigen designs and combinations of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeted at specific antigens for haematological and solid tumors. Additionally, advanced engineering in immune cells to enhance their sensing circuits with sophisticated functionality is now possible. Intensive research on the CRISPR‐Cas9 system has provided scientists with the ability to overcome the hostile tumor microenvironment and generate more products for fut...
Thermal effect of dual wavelength (980 and 1064 nm) laser application in skin incision closure wa... more Thermal effect of dual wavelength (980 and 1064 nm) laser application in skin incision closure was assessed on 18 male and female Wister rats. 1-cm-long incisions weremade on the shaved dorsal region of 220–250 g animals. The incisions were closed by laser irradiation at 1 W and exposure time, 5 seconds in continuouswave mode (CW) and 1 W and exposure time, 10 seconds in pulsed mode to deliver total energies of 5 J and 10 J per spot onto the incisions, respectively. Animals from each group were sacrificed at 0th, 4th, and 7th days and the skin samples of the weld area were excised for histological analysis using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) stain. Mean thermally altered area (TAA) of CW-mode laser-treated groups was found to increase significantly (p < 0.05) compared with pulsed mode laser treated group at 0th and 4th days post-irradiation while no significant difference (p > 0.05) was statistically found at 7th day post-irradiation. Moreover, tighter closure was observed wit...
Gene mutation is a change in nucleotide sequence of DNA which results in an impaired or loss of f... more Gene mutation is a change in nucleotide sequence of DNA which results in an impaired or loss of functions of the associated gene. Mutation can occur spontaneously or be induced by mutagenic agent. It is considered deleterious when it affects the phenotypic expression of the gene products. However, some mutations, such as CCR5 gene mutation turns out to be beneficial. HIV virus uses the gene product, CCR5, as a co-receptor along with CD4 receptor to enter the host's cell. The product of CCR5 mutant gene does not interact with HIV surface antigen, hence blocks the primary entry of the virus and thus provides immunity to AIDS for homozygous carriers and greatly slows the progress of the disease in heterozygous carriers. How about the critical role of the gene, being the gene encoding a member of the beta chemokine receptors, which in turn play an important role in the immune response? This is probably compensated by genomic redundancy of chemokine-receptor functions. Genetic redundancy refers to the situation where the loss of a gene can be completely or partially compensated by one or more other genes. Taken together, CCR5 ∆32 protein product is of clinical significance in conferring resistance to HIV infection and is thought to reduce the surface expression of wild type CCR5. In this review we highlight the origin of CCR5 Δ32 HIV-Resistance Allele and discuss chemokine receptors' functional redundancy as the phenomenon compensating for the normal function the allele in individuals carrying the mutation.
Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. It is a single-strande... more Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. It is a single-stranded positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus, has its origin traced to Zika forest in Uganda. Its infection leads to ZIKV fever, characterized by arthralgia, myalgia, rash, conjunctivitis, and asthenia. Clinical presentation of the infection is nonspecific and may often be confused with symptoms of other flaviviral diseases (dengue, West Nile [WN], and chikungunya). Recently, ZIKV has been associated with congenital malformations and neurological complications such as microcephaly and Guillain–Barre' syndrome. The viral tropism revealed an infection of the skin fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and immature dendritic cells through enhanced expression of dendritic cell‑specific intracellular adhesion molecule 3‑grabbing nonintegrin or anexelecto (Greekword: 'uncontrolled') and tyrosine protein kinase receptor 3 systems. Silencing of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) and AXL RNAs has shown blockage of viral entry through their anti-TIM-1 and anti-AXL antibodies, hence serving as a potential target for ZIKV drug development. Biotechnological approaches targeted toward ZIKV vector control include the development of transgenic mosquitoes to disrupt the genome pool of wild strains and use of an endosymbiotic bacterium to prevent replication of arboviruses within its vector. Other approaches include the use of gene drive and exploration of the genetic redundancy to disrupt the receptors used by the virus to gain entry into its host. It is also imperative to explore the modality through which neutralizing antibodies block this viral infection as this may prove as a potential target to arrest the viral life cycle.
Background: Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or
enhance its taste ... more Background: Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or enhance its taste and appearance. However, the use of monosodium glutamate (MSG) has raised a lot of controversies regarding health concerns of its usage especially in relation to dyslipidaemia. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of MSG on weight and lipid profile of experimental animals, and its possible atherosclerotic potential Methods: Four groups of male Wister rats (n=5, mean weight 126g) were administered MSG at dose levels of 0, 4 mg/kg body weight, 8 mg/kg body weight and 16mg/kg body weight for a period of 14 days. Changes in weight and lipid profile of all groups were evaluated after the last day of treatment. Results: Results showed that oral administration of the stated dosages of MSG significantly (p>0.05%) decreased serum levels of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with a simultaneous significant (p>0.05%) increase in the level of serum Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Very low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). However, oral MSG at the applied doses has shown no effect on the level of serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDLC). Conclusion: We therefore concluded that with the increase in serum TAG level, and non-responsive serum HDL level, MSG stands to be one of the agents capable of increasing the risk of atheroma development and subsequent atherosclerosis. Key words: Monosodium glutamate, glutamic acid, food additives, lipid profile, umami, atherosclerosis
International Journal of Ethnomedicine and Pharmacognosy, 2015
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or enhance its taste and appearan... more Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or enhance its taste and appearance. However, the use of monosodium glutamate (MSG) has raised a lot of controversies regarding health concerns of its usage especially in relation to dyslipidaemia. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of MSG on weight and lipid profile of experimental animals, and its possible atherosclerotic potential Methods: Four groups of male Wister rats (n=5, mean weight 126g) were administered MSG at dose levels of 0, 4 mg/kg body weight, 8 mg/kg body weight and 16mg/kg body weight for a period of 14 days. Changes in weight and lipid profile of all groups were evaluated after the last day of treatment. Results: Results showed that oral administration of the stated dosages of MSG significantly (p>0.05%) decreased serum levels of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with a simultaneous significant (p>0.05%) increase in the level of serum Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Very low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). However, oral MSG at the applied doses has shown no effect on the level of serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDLC). Conclusion: We therefore concluded that with the increase in serum TAG level, and non-responsive serum HDL level, MSG stands to be one of the agents capable of increasing the risk of atheroma development and subsequent atherosclerosis.
The discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR‐associated ... more The discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9) technology has brought advances in the genetic manipulation of eukaryotic cells, which has revolutionised cancer research and treatment options. It is increasingly being used in cancer immunotherapy, including adoptive T and natural killer (NK) cell transfer, secretion of antibodies, cytokine stimulation and overcoming immune checkpoints. CRISPR‐Cas9 technology is used in autologous T cells and NK cells to express various innovative antigen designs and combinations of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeted at specific antigens for haematological and solid tumors. Additionally, advanced engineering in immune cells to enhance their sensing circuits with sophisticated functionality is now possible. Intensive research on the CRISPR‐Cas9 system has provided scientists with the ability to overcome the hostile tumor microenvironment and generate more products for fut...
Thermal effect of dual wavelength (980 and 1064 nm) laser application in skin incision closure wa... more Thermal effect of dual wavelength (980 and 1064 nm) laser application in skin incision closure was assessed on 18 male and female Wister rats. 1-cm-long incisions weremade on the shaved dorsal region of 220–250 g animals. The incisions were closed by laser irradiation at 1 W and exposure time, 5 seconds in continuouswave mode (CW) and 1 W and exposure time, 10 seconds in pulsed mode to deliver total energies of 5 J and 10 J per spot onto the incisions, respectively. Animals from each group were sacrificed at 0th, 4th, and 7th days and the skin samples of the weld area were excised for histological analysis using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) stain. Mean thermally altered area (TAA) of CW-mode laser-treated groups was found to increase significantly (p < 0.05) compared with pulsed mode laser treated group at 0th and 4th days post-irradiation while no significant difference (p > 0.05) was statistically found at 7th day post-irradiation. Moreover, tighter closure was observed wit...
Gene mutation is a change in nucleotide sequence of DNA which results in an impaired or loss of f... more Gene mutation is a change in nucleotide sequence of DNA which results in an impaired or loss of functions of the associated gene. Mutation can occur spontaneously or be induced by mutagenic agent. It is considered deleterious when it affects the phenotypic expression of the gene products. However, some mutations, such as CCR5 gene mutation turns out to be beneficial. HIV virus uses the gene product, CCR5, as a co-receptor along with CD4 receptor to enter the host's cell. The product of CCR5 mutant gene does not interact with HIV surface antigen, hence blocks the primary entry of the virus and thus provides immunity to AIDS for homozygous carriers and greatly slows the progress of the disease in heterozygous carriers. How about the critical role of the gene, being the gene encoding a member of the beta chemokine receptors, which in turn play an important role in the immune response? This is probably compensated by genomic redundancy of chemokine-receptor functions. Genetic redundancy refers to the situation where the loss of a gene can be completely or partially compensated by one or more other genes. Taken together, CCR5 ∆32 protein product is of clinical significance in conferring resistance to HIV infection and is thought to reduce the surface expression of wild type CCR5. In this review we highlight the origin of CCR5 Δ32 HIV-Resistance Allele and discuss chemokine receptors' functional redundancy as the phenomenon compensating for the normal function the allele in individuals carrying the mutation.
Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. It is a single-strande... more Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. It is a single-stranded positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus, has its origin traced to Zika forest in Uganda. Its infection leads to ZIKV fever, characterized by arthralgia, myalgia, rash, conjunctivitis, and asthenia. Clinical presentation of the infection is nonspecific and may often be confused with symptoms of other flaviviral diseases (dengue, West Nile [WN], and chikungunya). Recently, ZIKV has been associated with congenital malformations and neurological complications such as microcephaly and Guillain–Barre' syndrome. The viral tropism revealed an infection of the skin fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and immature dendritic cells through enhanced expression of dendritic cell‑specific intracellular adhesion molecule 3‑grabbing nonintegrin or anexelecto (Greekword: 'uncontrolled') and tyrosine protein kinase receptor 3 systems. Silencing of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) and AXL RNAs has shown blockage of viral entry through their anti-TIM-1 and anti-AXL antibodies, hence serving as a potential target for ZIKV drug development. Biotechnological approaches targeted toward ZIKV vector control include the development of transgenic mosquitoes to disrupt the genome pool of wild strains and use of an endosymbiotic bacterium to prevent replication of arboviruses within its vector. Other approaches include the use of gene drive and exploration of the genetic redundancy to disrupt the receptors used by the virus to gain entry into its host. It is also imperative to explore the modality through which neutralizing antibodies block this viral infection as this may prove as a potential target to arrest the viral life cycle.
Background: Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or
enhance its taste ... more Background: Food additives are substances added to food to preserve, flavor or enhance its taste and appearance. However, the use of monosodium glutamate (MSG) has raised a lot of controversies regarding health concerns of its usage especially in relation to dyslipidaemia. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of MSG on weight and lipid profile of experimental animals, and its possible atherosclerotic potential Methods: Four groups of male Wister rats (n=5, mean weight 126g) were administered MSG at dose levels of 0, 4 mg/kg body weight, 8 mg/kg body weight and 16mg/kg body weight for a period of 14 days. Changes in weight and lipid profile of all groups were evaluated after the last day of treatment. Results: Results showed that oral administration of the stated dosages of MSG significantly (p>0.05%) decreased serum levels of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with a simultaneous significant (p>0.05%) increase in the level of serum Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Very low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). However, oral MSG at the applied doses has shown no effect on the level of serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDLC). Conclusion: We therefore concluded that with the increase in serum TAG level, and non-responsive serum HDL level, MSG stands to be one of the agents capable of increasing the risk of atheroma development and subsequent atherosclerosis. Key words: Monosodium glutamate, glutamic acid, food additives, lipid profile, umami, atherosclerosis
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Papers by Musbahu M Sani
enhance its taste and appearance. However, the use of monosodium glutamate (MSG)
has raised a lot of controversies regarding health concerns of its usage especially in
relation to dyslipidaemia. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of MSG on
weight and lipid profile of experimental animals, and its possible atherosclerotic potential
Methods: Four groups of male Wister rats (n=5, mean weight 126g) were administered
MSG at dose levels of 0, 4 mg/kg body weight, 8 mg/kg body weight and 16mg/kg body
weight for a period of 14 days. Changes in weight and lipid profile of all groups were
evaluated after the last day of treatment. Results: Results showed that oral
administration of the stated dosages of MSG significantly (p>0.05%) decreased serum
levels of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with a
simultaneous significant (p>0.05%) increase in the level of serum Triacylglycerol (TAG)
and Very low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). However, oral MSG at the
applied doses has shown no effect on the level of serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDLC).
Conclusion: We therefore concluded that with the increase in serum TAG level, and
non-responsive serum HDL level, MSG stands to be one of the agents capable of
increasing the risk of atheroma development and subsequent atherosclerosis.
Key words: Monosodium glutamate, glutamic acid, food additives, lipid profile, umami,
atherosclerosis
enhance its taste and appearance. However, the use of monosodium glutamate (MSG)
has raised a lot of controversies regarding health concerns of its usage especially in
relation to dyslipidaemia. Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of MSG on
weight and lipid profile of experimental animals, and its possible atherosclerotic potential
Methods: Four groups of male Wister rats (n=5, mean weight 126g) were administered
MSG at dose levels of 0, 4 mg/kg body weight, 8 mg/kg body weight and 16mg/kg body
weight for a period of 14 days. Changes in weight and lipid profile of all groups were
evaluated after the last day of treatment. Results: Results showed that oral
administration of the stated dosages of MSG significantly (p>0.05%) decreased serum
levels of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with a
simultaneous significant (p>0.05%) increase in the level of serum Triacylglycerol (TAG)
and Very low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). However, oral MSG at the
applied doses has shown no effect on the level of serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDLC).
Conclusion: We therefore concluded that with the increase in serum TAG level, and
non-responsive serum HDL level, MSG stands to be one of the agents capable of
increasing the risk of atheroma development and subsequent atherosclerosis.
Key words: Monosodium glutamate, glutamic acid, food additives, lipid profile, umami,
atherosclerosis