Öz Bu araştırmanın amacı boş zaman yoluyla stresle baş etme stratejileri (BZYSBES), psikolojik iy... more Öz Bu araştırmanın amacı boş zaman yoluyla stresle baş etme stratejileri (BZYSBES), psikolojik iyi oluş (PİO) ve kent yaşamından memnuniyet (KYM) arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkileri ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma grubu Ankara ilinde yaşayan toplam 451 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, BZYSBES ölçeği, A kent yaşamından memnuniyet ölçeği ve psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, korelasyon analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılmıştır. BZYSBES ile KYM arasında 0,205 olan pozitif yönlü düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki ve BZYSBES ile PİO düzeyi arasında da 0,507 olan pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur(p<0,05). KYM ile PİO düzeyi arasında 0,350 olan pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Modele göre BZYSBES, kent memnuniyetini pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir etkisi olup; kent memnuniyetinin de PİO değişkenine yine pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir etkisi söz konusudur(p<0,05). BZYSBES, PİO ve KYM arasındaki yol analizine ilişkin oluşturulan modelin iyi uyum gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (
Bu çalışmanın amacı Yeşil Öğrenci Projesi'ne katılan öğrencilerin ekorekreasyon faaliyetlerine ka... more Bu çalışmanın amacı Yeşil Öğrenci Projesi'ne katılan öğrencilerin ekorekreasyon faaliyetlerine katılımları çerçevesinde çevre okuryazarlığı, çevre duyarlılığı, çevre etiği farkındalığı ve çevre tutumlarının uygulamalar öncesinde ve sonrasındaki durumunu analiz etmektir. Araştırmada veriler Yeşil Öğrenci Projesi'ne katılan 48 öğrenci ile yüz yüze anket yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmada tek gruplu ön test-son test zayıf deneysel desenden yararlanılmıştır. Ekorekreasyonel uygulamalar kapsamında TEMA Vakfı bilgilendirme toplantısı ve ziyareti, TEMA belgesel gösterimi, MTA Tabiat Tarihi Müzesi gezisi, fidan dikim etkinliği, trekking etkinliği, oryantiring ve plogging etkinlikleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada kişisel veri formu ve dört farklı ölçüm aracı kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalar öncesinde ve sonrasında elde edilen veriler betimleyici istatistiklerin yanı sıra, ön test son test analizleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde; katılımcıların çevre okuryazarlığı toplam puanlarında, tutum ve kullanım alt boyutlarında, çevre duyarlılığı toplam puanlarında, toprak kirliliği, ekolojik denge, çevre konusundaki tartışmalara katılma alt boyutlarında anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü gelişim gözlendiği görülmektedir.
In the study, the validity and reliability study of the Green Culture scale developed by Ermolaev... more In the study, the validity and reliability study of the Green Culture scale developed by Ermolaeva (2010) was conducted and it aimed to examine the green culture levels of university students with the measurement tool obtained. The language validity of the Green Culture Scale (GCS), which consists of 11 items and 2 sub-dimensions, was made within the framework of expert opinions. In order to test the structure with confirmatory factor analysis, 400 data were collected in the first stage, and it was determined that the CFA findings of the measurement tool consisting of environmental awareness and environmental behavior sub-dimensions confirmed the structure (x2/df=3.29; RMSEA=0.07, SRMR=0.05; CFI). =0.93). The total internal reliability coefficient for GCS was determined as .73. It was determined that the green culture scale was valid and reliable in the Turkish population, and then, in the second data collection stage, the Green Culture level of 402 university students and how certa...
The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes to... more The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the environment regarding with different variables. Study group is composed of 413 athletes randomly selected from directly nature sports and also sports that is not related to nature. To collect data, ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment scale is used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics of the athletes’ attitudes towards environment were calculated. For other variables’ comparison, independent t-test and ANOVA were applied. As a result; amongst athletes’ the ecocentric attitudes’ mean was found the highest. Athletes’ ecocentric attitude values vary only. According to their educational level; anthropocentric attitude values vary according to their sport type and educational level; antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment vary according to sex, sports type, educational level, perceived incom...
The aim of this study was to develop a Turkish version of the " Leisure Benefit Scale " and to te... more The aim of this study was to develop a Turkish version of the " Leisure Benefit Scale " and to test its validity and reliability. The Leisure Benefits Scale contains 24 items, which are expressed on a 5-point Likert scale. The scale was tested on a total of 421 Turkish individuals over 20 years of age. First of all, lingual equivalence of the scale was applied. The sample group (n=421) was used to test data using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this 3-factor solution (confirmatory factor analysis, GFI=0.96, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, IFI 0.95, SRMR 0.05) Internal consistency coefficient of the whole scale was found to be .83 and the 3 sub-dimensions ranged from 0.80 to 0.86. The results demonstrate that the Turkish version of the scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish individuals. Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması Öz Bu çalışmanın amacı, " Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği " ni (2008) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmaktır. Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği 5'li Likert tipi bir ölçek olup, 24 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya 20 yaş ve üstü 421 kişi katılmıştır. Öncelikle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliği incelenmiş ve dilsel eşdeğerliğe sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlilik çalışmasında, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ölçeğin 3 faktörlü yapıyı desteklediği ve orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür (CFA; GFI=0.96, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, IFI 0.95, SRMR 0.05). Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha değeri .83 olup üç alt boyut için ise iç tutarlılık katsayıları .80-.86 arasında değişmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre ölçeğin Türk popülasyonu için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
Bu çalışmada, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının mesleklerine ilişkin sahip oldukları algılar metaforla... more Bu çalışmada, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının mesleklerine ilişkin sahip oldukları algılar metaforlar yoluyla incelenmiştir. Fenomenoloji deseninde gerçekleşen bu çalışmanın katılımcıları 2016-2017 öğretim yılında Gazi Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinin 4. sınıfında okuyan 35 rekreasyon uzmanı adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri iki açık-uçlu ibarenin (“rekreasyon uzmanı ……………gibidir. Çünkü…………”)tamamlanmasıyla elde edilmiş ve içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının meslekleri ile ilgili toplam 32 metafor kullandıkları belirlenmiş ve bunlar toplam 5 kategori altında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının en çok kullandıkları metaforlar “liderlik yönü” (f=10) kategorilerinde yer almıştır. Bunu “çok yönlülük yönü”( f=8), “önem yönü”(f=7), “mutluluk yönü(f=6) ve “yaratıcılık yönü”(f=4) izlemektedir. Sadece bir rekreasyon bölümünde okuyan adayların katılımıyla gerçekleşen bu çalışma verilerinin diğer rekreasyon uzmanı yetiştiren kurumlarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin görüşleriyle de desteklenmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar kelimeler: Fenomenoloji, Metaforik İmge, Nitel Araştırma, Rekreasyon Uzmanı
The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes to... more The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the environment regarding with different variables. Study group is composed of 413 athletes randomly selected from directly nature sports and also sports that is not related to nature. To collect data, ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment scale is used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics of the athletes' attitudes towards environment were calculated. For other variables' comparison, independent t-test and ANOVA were applied. As a result; amongst athletes' the ecocentric attitudes' mean was found the highest. Athletes' ecocentric attitude values vary only. According to their educational level; anthropocentric attitude values vary according to their sport type and educational level; antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment vary according to sex, sports type, educational level, perceived income level and also the living environment. s conclusion; athletes with university and higher educational levels have higher ecocentric scores than athletes with high school and lower education levels; athletes from nature sports and athletes with high school and lower educational levels have higher anthropocentric scores than athletes from indoor sports and athletes with university and higher educational levels; finally, men participants than women participant, athletes from nature sports than athletes from indoor sports, athletes with high school and lower educational levels than athletes with university and higher educational levels, participants with high and low perceived income levels than participants with average perceived income levels, participants living in country side than participants living in cities have higher antipathetic attitude scores towards the protection of the environment.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between, on the one hand, smartphone an... more The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between, on the one hand, smartphone and recreational internet use, and on the other hand, studentss academic success, life satisfaction and boredom in leisure time. The study sample contains 439 randomly selected high school students in Cankaya District, Ankara, Turkey. The questionnaire used to collect data is composed of five parts. These are the Personal
Bu araştırmanın amacı, Gould ve
diğerleri (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Ciddi Boş
Zaman Envanter... more Bu araştırmanın amacı, Gould ve diğerleri (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Ciddi Boş Zaman Envanteri ve Ölçümü’nü (Serious Leisure Inventory and Measure / SLIM) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini gerçekleştirmektir. Araştırma 2015-2016 öğretim yılı güz döneminde Gazi Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli bölümlerinde öğrenim gören ve toplam 474 öğrenciden oluşan 3 ayrı çalışma grubu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Uyarlama sürecinde öncelikle CBZEÖ’nün dil eşdeğerliği incelenmiş, dil eşdeğerliğine sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile uyarlanan ölçeğin yapı geçerliği incelenmiş ve orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Güvenirlik analizi sonucunda, ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı .97 ve test-tekrar güvenirlik katsayısı .93 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Madde analizi sonucunda, alt ölçeklerin düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyonlarının. 42 ile .73 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ölçeğin, Ciddi Boş Zaman perspektifinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir
The aim of this study is to investigate the free time management levels by college students and i... more The aim of this study is to investigate the free time management levels by college students and its relation to life satisfaction, most participated leisure activities and gender. This study utilized survey research methods and consisted of a convenience sample of 551 students attending Gazi University which has the most students in Ankara in the autumn term of 2014-2015. The data collection tools are the " Personal Information Form " , the " Free Time Management Scale " and the ''The Satisfaction with Life Scale''. Frequency and percentage calculations, Pearson Correlation, t-test, One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data and the significance level was found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the difference between the groups. Consequently, there is a positively weak relation between life satisfaction, free time management and all subdimensions. Similarly, there is a positively, very weak relation between life satisfaction and leisure time sufficiency perception. Moreover, there is a statistically significant difference for the scheduling subdimension whereas no statistically significant difference was found between female and male participants' free time management scores and the subdimensions goal setting and technique, leisure attitudes, and evaluating. There is a statistically significant difference between the most participated free time activities and the subdimensions free time management, goal setting/technique, evaluating, and scheduling. According to the results of Tukey's test performed to find between which groups this difference was, it was stated in the goal setting and technique and scheduling dimensions of the free time management scale that those who made use of their free time by taking part in cultural, artistic and touristic and other activities most had higher scores of free time management than those who rested and took part in physical activities (p<0.05) while it was found in the evaluating subdimension that the participants who made use of their free time by taking part in physical activities most had higher scores of free time management than those who rested and took part in cultural, artistic and touristic activities (p<0.05). These results mean that the students lack a sufficient amount of knowledge about how to manage their free time efficiently.
Internet has a potential that will lead to
important changes in our social life and our attitudes... more Internet has a potential that will lead to important changes in our social life and our attitudes, behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started to change a number of social structures from family, friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many purposes such as information transfer, academic research, entertainment, communication and commerce. However, extremism in terms of time is observed other than this functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess the recreational use of Internet by research assistants off-duty or off-education according to several variables (gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe, METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015 participated to the research. The data collection tools are the “Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g. gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms, forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test, One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data and the significance level was found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the difference between the groups. Consequently, significance differences were found between BAPINT scores of the gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while no significance difference was found between the BAPINT scores of the variables perceived income, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere, and fields.
Internet has a potential that will lead to
important changes in our social life and our attitudes... more Internet has a potential that will lead to important changes in our social life and our attitudes, behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started to change a number of social structures from family, friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many purposes such as information transfer, academic research, entertainment, communication and commerce. However, extremism in terms of time is observed other than this functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess the recreational use of Internet by research assistants off-duty or off-education according to several variables (gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe, METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015 participated to the research. The data collection tools are the “Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g. gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms, forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test, One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data and the significance level was found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the difference between the groups. Consequently, significance differences were found between BAPINT scores of the gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while no significance difference was found between the BAPINT scores of the variables perceived income, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere, and fields.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Wei-Ching Wang, ChinHsung Kao, Tzung-Cheng Huan, Chung-Chi Wu isimli kişile... more Bu çalışmanın amacı, Wei-Ching Wang, ChinHsung Kao, Tzung-Cheng Huan, Chung-Chi Wu isimli kişiler (2011) tarafından geliştirilen Boş Zaman Yönetimi Ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmaktır. Araştırmaya Gazi Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 447 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Öncelikle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliği incelenmiş ve dilsel eşdeğerliğe sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlik çalışmasına, açımlayıcı (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri (DFA) kullanılmıştır. AFA sonucunda, , 15 madde ve 4 alt boyuttan oluşan bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiş ve alt boyutlarda yer alan maddelerin ‘boş zaman tutumu’ ve ’programlama’ alt boyutlarındaki maddelerin orijinal formdaki maddelerle birebir örtüştüğü gözlenirken, ‘amaç belirleme ve yöntem’ alt boyutunda 6 madde, ‘değerlendirme’ alt boyutunda ise 3 madde gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ölçeğin orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha değeri .83 ve testtekrar test güvenirliği ise .86 bulunmuştur. Alt boyutlar için ise iç tutarlık katsayıları .71-.81 arasında değişmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
The purpose of this study is to examine the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spend their lei... more The purpose of this study is to examine the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spend their leisure times at youth centers according to certain variables. The research population is composed of youngsters who are members of youth centers in Central Anatolia Region in Turkey. The research group is composed of 448 females and 450 males whose ages vary between 15 and 25 and who are members of youth centers in 11 provinces in the region. While questions were asked to take youngsters' personal details and opinions on leisure time, what was utilized to identify their hopelessness levels was Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) that was developed by Beck et al. (1974), adapted into Turkish language by Dilbaz and Seber (1993) and of which reliability and validity studies were performed by Durak and Palabiyikoglu (1994). The internal consistency coefficient for this study was found to be .81. Revealing the descriptive statistics of youngsters' hopelessness levels since they did not exhibit parametric characteristics and applying Mann-Whitney U test to examine whether their hopelessness scores varied according to gender, age, having personal talent, it was found that the hopelessness level differed according to all these variables (p<0.05). According to perceived income level, leisure time sufficiency, exhaustion from daily life, efficient use of leisure time and leisure-constraining factors, Kruskal-Wallis-H test was used and it was seen that the hopelessness level differed according to all variables but exhaustion from daily life (p<0.05). Consequently, the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spent their leisure time at youth centers was low while the hopelessness levels of those whose ages were between 15 and 18, who perceived the income level as being very low and very high, did not have personal talent, thought that they did not use their leisure time efficiently, perceived their leisure time as being very sufficient or very insufficient, and whose leisureconstraining factors were job and home household responsibilities were higher. Keywords: Leisure time, Youth center, Hopelessness
Öz Bu araştırmanın amacı boş zaman yoluyla stresle baş etme stratejileri (BZYSBES), psikolojik iy... more Öz Bu araştırmanın amacı boş zaman yoluyla stresle baş etme stratejileri (BZYSBES), psikolojik iyi oluş (PİO) ve kent yaşamından memnuniyet (KYM) arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkileri ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma grubu Ankara ilinde yaşayan toplam 451 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, BZYSBES ölçeği, A kent yaşamından memnuniyet ölçeği ve psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, korelasyon analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılmıştır. BZYSBES ile KYM arasında 0,205 olan pozitif yönlü düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki ve BZYSBES ile PİO düzeyi arasında da 0,507 olan pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur(p<0,05). KYM ile PİO düzeyi arasında 0,350 olan pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Modele göre BZYSBES, kent memnuniyetini pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir etkisi olup; kent memnuniyetinin de PİO değişkenine yine pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir etkisi söz konusudur(p<0,05). BZYSBES, PİO ve KYM arasındaki yol analizine ilişkin oluşturulan modelin iyi uyum gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (
Bu çalışmanın amacı Yeşil Öğrenci Projesi'ne katılan öğrencilerin ekorekreasyon faaliyetlerine ka... more Bu çalışmanın amacı Yeşil Öğrenci Projesi'ne katılan öğrencilerin ekorekreasyon faaliyetlerine katılımları çerçevesinde çevre okuryazarlığı, çevre duyarlılığı, çevre etiği farkındalığı ve çevre tutumlarının uygulamalar öncesinde ve sonrasındaki durumunu analiz etmektir. Araştırmada veriler Yeşil Öğrenci Projesi'ne katılan 48 öğrenci ile yüz yüze anket yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmada tek gruplu ön test-son test zayıf deneysel desenden yararlanılmıştır. Ekorekreasyonel uygulamalar kapsamında TEMA Vakfı bilgilendirme toplantısı ve ziyareti, TEMA belgesel gösterimi, MTA Tabiat Tarihi Müzesi gezisi, fidan dikim etkinliği, trekking etkinliği, oryantiring ve plogging etkinlikleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada kişisel veri formu ve dört farklı ölçüm aracı kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalar öncesinde ve sonrasında elde edilen veriler betimleyici istatistiklerin yanı sıra, ön test son test analizleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde; katılımcıların çevre okuryazarlığı toplam puanlarında, tutum ve kullanım alt boyutlarında, çevre duyarlılığı toplam puanlarında, toprak kirliliği, ekolojik denge, çevre konusundaki tartışmalara katılma alt boyutlarında anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü gelişim gözlendiği görülmektedir.
In the study, the validity and reliability study of the Green Culture scale developed by Ermolaev... more In the study, the validity and reliability study of the Green Culture scale developed by Ermolaeva (2010) was conducted and it aimed to examine the green culture levels of university students with the measurement tool obtained. The language validity of the Green Culture Scale (GCS), which consists of 11 items and 2 sub-dimensions, was made within the framework of expert opinions. In order to test the structure with confirmatory factor analysis, 400 data were collected in the first stage, and it was determined that the CFA findings of the measurement tool consisting of environmental awareness and environmental behavior sub-dimensions confirmed the structure (x2/df=3.29; RMSEA=0.07, SRMR=0.05; CFI). =0.93). The total internal reliability coefficient for GCS was determined as .73. It was determined that the green culture scale was valid and reliable in the Turkish population, and then, in the second data collection stage, the Green Culture level of 402 university students and how certa...
The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes to... more The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the environment regarding with different variables. Study group is composed of 413 athletes randomly selected from directly nature sports and also sports that is not related to nature. To collect data, ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment scale is used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics of the athletes’ attitudes towards environment were calculated. For other variables’ comparison, independent t-test and ANOVA were applied. As a result; amongst athletes’ the ecocentric attitudes’ mean was found the highest. Athletes’ ecocentric attitude values vary only. According to their educational level; anthropocentric attitude values vary according to their sport type and educational level; antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment vary according to sex, sports type, educational level, perceived incom...
The aim of this study was to develop a Turkish version of the " Leisure Benefit Scale " and to te... more The aim of this study was to develop a Turkish version of the " Leisure Benefit Scale " and to test its validity and reliability. The Leisure Benefits Scale contains 24 items, which are expressed on a 5-point Likert scale. The scale was tested on a total of 421 Turkish individuals over 20 years of age. First of all, lingual equivalence of the scale was applied. The sample group (n=421) was used to test data using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this 3-factor solution (confirmatory factor analysis, GFI=0.96, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, IFI 0.95, SRMR 0.05) Internal consistency coefficient of the whole scale was found to be .83 and the 3 sub-dimensions ranged from 0.80 to 0.86. The results demonstrate that the Turkish version of the scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish individuals. Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması Öz Bu çalışmanın amacı, " Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği " ni (2008) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmaktır. Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği 5'li Likert tipi bir ölçek olup, 24 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya 20 yaş ve üstü 421 kişi katılmıştır. Öncelikle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliği incelenmiş ve dilsel eşdeğerliğe sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlilik çalışmasında, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ölçeğin 3 faktörlü yapıyı desteklediği ve orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür (CFA; GFI=0.96, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, IFI 0.95, SRMR 0.05). Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha değeri .83 olup üç alt boyut için ise iç tutarlılık katsayıları .80-.86 arasında değişmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre ölçeğin Türk popülasyonu için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
Bu çalışmada, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının mesleklerine ilişkin sahip oldukları algılar metaforla... more Bu çalışmada, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının mesleklerine ilişkin sahip oldukları algılar metaforlar yoluyla incelenmiştir. Fenomenoloji deseninde gerçekleşen bu çalışmanın katılımcıları 2016-2017 öğretim yılında Gazi Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinin 4. sınıfında okuyan 35 rekreasyon uzmanı adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri iki açık-uçlu ibarenin (“rekreasyon uzmanı ……………gibidir. Çünkü…………”)tamamlanmasıyla elde edilmiş ve içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının meslekleri ile ilgili toplam 32 metafor kullandıkları belirlenmiş ve bunlar toplam 5 kategori altında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının en çok kullandıkları metaforlar “liderlik yönü” (f=10) kategorilerinde yer almıştır. Bunu “çok yönlülük yönü”( f=8), “önem yönü”(f=7), “mutluluk yönü(f=6) ve “yaratıcılık yönü”(f=4) izlemektedir. Sadece bir rekreasyon bölümünde okuyan adayların katılımıyla gerçekleşen bu çalışma verilerinin diğer rekreasyon uzmanı yetiştiren kurumlarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin görüşleriyle de desteklenmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar kelimeler: Fenomenoloji, Metaforik İmge, Nitel Araştırma, Rekreasyon Uzmanı
The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes to... more The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the environment regarding with different variables. Study group is composed of 413 athletes randomly selected from directly nature sports and also sports that is not related to nature. To collect data, ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment scale is used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics of the athletes' attitudes towards environment were calculated. For other variables' comparison, independent t-test and ANOVA were applied. As a result; amongst athletes' the ecocentric attitudes' mean was found the highest. Athletes' ecocentric attitude values vary only. According to their educational level; anthropocentric attitude values vary according to their sport type and educational level; antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment vary according to sex, sports type, educational level, perceived income level and also the living environment. s conclusion; athletes with university and higher educational levels have higher ecocentric scores than athletes with high school and lower education levels; athletes from nature sports and athletes with high school and lower educational levels have higher anthropocentric scores than athletes from indoor sports and athletes with university and higher educational levels; finally, men participants than women participant, athletes from nature sports than athletes from indoor sports, athletes with high school and lower educational levels than athletes with university and higher educational levels, participants with high and low perceived income levels than participants with average perceived income levels, participants living in country side than participants living in cities have higher antipathetic attitude scores towards the protection of the environment.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between, on the one hand, smartphone an... more The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between, on the one hand, smartphone and recreational internet use, and on the other hand, studentss academic success, life satisfaction and boredom in leisure time. The study sample contains 439 randomly selected high school students in Cankaya District, Ankara, Turkey. The questionnaire used to collect data is composed of five parts. These are the Personal
Bu araştırmanın amacı, Gould ve
diğerleri (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Ciddi Boş
Zaman Envanter... more Bu araştırmanın amacı, Gould ve diğerleri (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Ciddi Boş Zaman Envanteri ve Ölçümü’nü (Serious Leisure Inventory and Measure / SLIM) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini gerçekleştirmektir. Araştırma 2015-2016 öğretim yılı güz döneminde Gazi Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli bölümlerinde öğrenim gören ve toplam 474 öğrenciden oluşan 3 ayrı çalışma grubu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Uyarlama sürecinde öncelikle CBZEÖ’nün dil eşdeğerliği incelenmiş, dil eşdeğerliğine sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile uyarlanan ölçeğin yapı geçerliği incelenmiş ve orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Güvenirlik analizi sonucunda, ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı .97 ve test-tekrar güvenirlik katsayısı .93 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Madde analizi sonucunda, alt ölçeklerin düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyonlarının. 42 ile .73 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ölçeğin, Ciddi Boş Zaman perspektifinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir
The aim of this study is to investigate the free time management levels by college students and i... more The aim of this study is to investigate the free time management levels by college students and its relation to life satisfaction, most participated leisure activities and gender. This study utilized survey research methods and consisted of a convenience sample of 551 students attending Gazi University which has the most students in Ankara in the autumn term of 2014-2015. The data collection tools are the " Personal Information Form " , the " Free Time Management Scale " and the ''The Satisfaction with Life Scale''. Frequency and percentage calculations, Pearson Correlation, t-test, One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data and the significance level was found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the difference between the groups. Consequently, there is a positively weak relation between life satisfaction, free time management and all subdimensions. Similarly, there is a positively, very weak relation between life satisfaction and leisure time sufficiency perception. Moreover, there is a statistically significant difference for the scheduling subdimension whereas no statistically significant difference was found between female and male participants' free time management scores and the subdimensions goal setting and technique, leisure attitudes, and evaluating. There is a statistically significant difference between the most participated free time activities and the subdimensions free time management, goal setting/technique, evaluating, and scheduling. According to the results of Tukey's test performed to find between which groups this difference was, it was stated in the goal setting and technique and scheduling dimensions of the free time management scale that those who made use of their free time by taking part in cultural, artistic and touristic and other activities most had higher scores of free time management than those who rested and took part in physical activities (p<0.05) while it was found in the evaluating subdimension that the participants who made use of their free time by taking part in physical activities most had higher scores of free time management than those who rested and took part in cultural, artistic and touristic activities (p<0.05). These results mean that the students lack a sufficient amount of knowledge about how to manage their free time efficiently.
Internet has a potential that will lead to
important changes in our social life and our attitudes... more Internet has a potential that will lead to important changes in our social life and our attitudes, behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started to change a number of social structures from family, friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many purposes such as information transfer, academic research, entertainment, communication and commerce. However, extremism in terms of time is observed other than this functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess the recreational use of Internet by research assistants off-duty or off-education according to several variables (gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe, METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015 participated to the research. The data collection tools are the “Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g. gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms, forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test, One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data and the significance level was found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the difference between the groups. Consequently, significance differences were found between BAPINT scores of the gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while no significance difference was found between the BAPINT scores of the variables perceived income, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere, and fields.
Internet has a potential that will lead to
important changes in our social life and our attitudes... more Internet has a potential that will lead to important changes in our social life and our attitudes, behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started to change a number of social structures from family, friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many purposes such as information transfer, academic research, entertainment, communication and commerce. However, extremism in terms of time is observed other than this functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess the recreational use of Internet by research assistants off-duty or off-education according to several variables (gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe, METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015 participated to the research. The data collection tools are the “Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g. gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms, forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test, One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data and the significance level was found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the difference between the groups. Consequently, significance differences were found between BAPINT scores of the gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while no significance difference was found between the BAPINT scores of the variables perceived income, participation in scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere, and fields.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Wei-Ching Wang, ChinHsung Kao, Tzung-Cheng Huan, Chung-Chi Wu isimli kişile... more Bu çalışmanın amacı, Wei-Ching Wang, ChinHsung Kao, Tzung-Cheng Huan, Chung-Chi Wu isimli kişiler (2011) tarafından geliştirilen Boş Zaman Yönetimi Ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmaktır. Araştırmaya Gazi Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 447 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Öncelikle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliği incelenmiş ve dilsel eşdeğerliğe sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlik çalışmasına, açımlayıcı (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri (DFA) kullanılmıştır. AFA sonucunda, , 15 madde ve 4 alt boyuttan oluşan bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiş ve alt boyutlarda yer alan maddelerin ‘boş zaman tutumu’ ve ’programlama’ alt boyutlarındaki maddelerin orijinal formdaki maddelerle birebir örtüştüğü gözlenirken, ‘amaç belirleme ve yöntem’ alt boyutunda 6 madde, ‘değerlendirme’ alt boyutunda ise 3 madde gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ölçeğin orijinal formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha değeri .83 ve testtekrar test güvenirliği ise .86 bulunmuştur. Alt boyutlar için ise iç tutarlık katsayıları .71-.81 arasında değişmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
The purpose of this study is to examine the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spend their lei... more The purpose of this study is to examine the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spend their leisure times at youth centers according to certain variables. The research population is composed of youngsters who are members of youth centers in Central Anatolia Region in Turkey. The research group is composed of 448 females and 450 males whose ages vary between 15 and 25 and who are members of youth centers in 11 provinces in the region. While questions were asked to take youngsters' personal details and opinions on leisure time, what was utilized to identify their hopelessness levels was Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) that was developed by Beck et al. (1974), adapted into Turkish language by Dilbaz and Seber (1993) and of which reliability and validity studies were performed by Durak and Palabiyikoglu (1994). The internal consistency coefficient for this study was found to be .81. Revealing the descriptive statistics of youngsters' hopelessness levels since they did not exhibit parametric characteristics and applying Mann-Whitney U test to examine whether their hopelessness scores varied according to gender, age, having personal talent, it was found that the hopelessness level differed according to all these variables (p<0.05). According to perceived income level, leisure time sufficiency, exhaustion from daily life, efficient use of leisure time and leisure-constraining factors, Kruskal-Wallis-H test was used and it was seen that the hopelessness level differed according to all variables but exhaustion from daily life (p<0.05). Consequently, the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spent their leisure time at youth centers was low while the hopelessness levels of those whose ages were between 15 and 18, who perceived the income level as being very low and very high, did not have personal talent, thought that they did not use their leisure time efficiently, perceived their leisure time as being very sufficient or very insufficient, and whose leisureconstraining factors were job and home household responsibilities were higher. Keywords: Leisure time, Youth center, Hopelessness
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yoluyla incelenmiştir. Fenomenoloji deseninde gerçekleşen bu çalışmanın katılımcıları
2016-2017 öğretim yılında Gazi Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinin 4. sınıfında okuyan
35 rekreasyon uzmanı adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri iki açık-uçlu ibarenin
(“rekreasyon uzmanı ……………gibidir. Çünkü…………”)tamamlanmasıyla elde edilmiş ve
içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, rekreasyon uzman
adaylarının meslekleri ile ilgili toplam 32 metafor kullandıkları belirlenmiş ve bunlar toplam
5 kategori altında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının en çok kullandıkları
metaforlar “liderlik yönü” (f=10) kategorilerinde yer almıştır. Bunu “çok yönlülük yönü”(
f=8), “önem yönü”(f=7), “mutluluk yönü(f=6) ve “yaratıcılık yönü”(f=4) izlemektedir.
Sadece bir rekreasyon bölümünde okuyan adayların katılımıyla gerçekleşen bu çalışma verilerinin
diğer rekreasyon uzmanı yetiştiren kurumlarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin görüşleriyle
de desteklenmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar kelimeler: Fenomenoloji, Metaforik İmge, Nitel Araştırma, Rekreasyon Uzmanı
diğerleri (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Ciddi Boş
Zaman Envanteri ve Ölçümü’nü (Serious
Leisure Inventory and Measure / SLIM)
Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve
güvenirlik analizlerini gerçekleştirmektir.
Araştırma 2015-2016 öğretim yılı güz
döneminde Gazi Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli
bölümlerinde öğrenim gören ve toplam 474
öğrenciden oluşan 3 ayrı çalışma grubu üzerinde
yürütülmüştür. Uyarlama sürecinde öncelikle
CBZEÖ’nün dil eşdeğerliği incelenmiş, dil
eşdeğerliğine sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra
geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır.
Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile uyarlanan
ölçeğin yapı geçerliği incelenmiş ve orijinal
formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Güvenirlik
analizi sonucunda, ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı
.97 ve test-tekrar güvenirlik katsayısı .93 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Madde analizi sonucunda, alt
ölçeklerin düzeltilmiş madde toplam
korelasyonlarının. 42 ile .73 arasında değiştiği
belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ölçeğin, Ciddi Boş
Zaman perspektifinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve
güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu
göstermektedir
important changes in our social life and our attitudes,
behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started
to change a number of social structures from family,
friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many
purposes such as information transfer, academic research,
entertainment, communication and commerce. However,
extremism in terms of time is observed other than this
functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess
the recreational use of Internet by research assistants
off-duty or off-education according to several variables
(gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time
sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of
accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who
worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe,
METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015
participated to the research. The data collection tools are the
“Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile
Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the
recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g.
gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms,
forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test,
One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and
interpretation of the data and the significance level was
found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the
difference between the groups. Consequently, significance
differences were found between BAPINT scores of the
gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while
no significance difference was found between the BAPINT
scores of the variables perceived income, participation in
scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere,
and fields.
important changes in our social life and our attitudes,
behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started
to change a number of social structures from family,
friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many
purposes such as information transfer, academic research,
entertainment, communication and commerce. However,
extremism in terms of time is observed other than this
functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess
the recreational use of Internet by research assistants
off-duty or off-education according to several variables
(gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time
sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of
accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who
worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe,
METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015
participated to the research. The data collection tools are the
“Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile
Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the
recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g.
gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms,
forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test,
One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and
interpretation of the data and the significance level was
found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the
difference between the groups. Consequently, significance
differences were found between BAPINT scores of the
gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while
no significance difference was found between the BAPINT
scores of the variables perceived income, participation in
scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere,
and fields.
youth centers according to certain variables. The research population is composed of youngsters who are
members of youth centers in Central Anatolia Region in Turkey. The research group is composed of 448 females
and 450 males whose ages vary between 15 and 25 and who are members of youth centers in 11 provinces in the
region. While questions were asked to take youngsters' personal details and opinions on leisure time, what was
utilized to identify their hopelessness levels was Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) that was developed by Beck et al.
(1974), adapted into Turkish language by Dilbaz and Seber (1993) and of which reliability and validity studies
were performed by Durak and Palabiyikoglu (1994). The internal consistency coefficient for this study was found
to be .81. Revealing the descriptive statistics of youngsters' hopelessness levels since they did not exhibit
parametric characteristics and applying Mann-Whitney U test to examine whether their hopelessness scores
varied according to gender, age, having personal talent, it was found that the hopelessness level differed
according to all these variables (p<0.05). According to perceived income level, leisure time sufficiency,
exhaustion from daily life, efficient use of leisure time and leisure-constraining factors, Kruskal-Wallis-H test was
used and it was seen that the hopelessness level differed according to all variables but exhaustion from daily life
(p<0.05). Consequently, the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spent their leisure time at youth centers was
low while the hopelessness levels of those whose ages were between 15 and 18, who perceived the income level as
being very low and very high, did not have personal talent, thought that they did not use their leisure time
efficiently, perceived their leisure time as being very sufficient or very insufficient, and whose leisureconstraining
factors were job and home household responsibilities were higher.
Keywords: Leisure time, Youth center, Hopelessness
yoluyla incelenmiştir. Fenomenoloji deseninde gerçekleşen bu çalışmanın katılımcıları
2016-2017 öğretim yılında Gazi Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinin 4. sınıfında okuyan
35 rekreasyon uzmanı adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri iki açık-uçlu ibarenin
(“rekreasyon uzmanı ……………gibidir. Çünkü…………”)tamamlanmasıyla elde edilmiş ve
içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, rekreasyon uzman
adaylarının meslekleri ile ilgili toplam 32 metafor kullandıkları belirlenmiş ve bunlar toplam
5 kategori altında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, rekreasyon uzman adaylarının en çok kullandıkları
metaforlar “liderlik yönü” (f=10) kategorilerinde yer almıştır. Bunu “çok yönlülük yönü”(
f=8), “önem yönü”(f=7), “mutluluk yönü(f=6) ve “yaratıcılık yönü”(f=4) izlemektedir.
Sadece bir rekreasyon bölümünde okuyan adayların katılımıyla gerçekleşen bu çalışma verilerinin
diğer rekreasyon uzmanı yetiştiren kurumlarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin görüşleriyle
de desteklenmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar kelimeler: Fenomenoloji, Metaforik İmge, Nitel Araştırma, Rekreasyon Uzmanı
diğerleri (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Ciddi Boş
Zaman Envanteri ve Ölçümü’nü (Serious
Leisure Inventory and Measure / SLIM)
Türkçeye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve
güvenirlik analizlerini gerçekleştirmektir.
Araştırma 2015-2016 öğretim yılı güz
döneminde Gazi Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli
bölümlerinde öğrenim gören ve toplam 474
öğrenciden oluşan 3 ayrı çalışma grubu üzerinde
yürütülmüştür. Uyarlama sürecinde öncelikle
CBZEÖ’nün dil eşdeğerliği incelenmiş, dil
eşdeğerliğine sahip olduğu görüldükten sonra
geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır.
Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile uyarlanan
ölçeğin yapı geçerliği incelenmiş ve orijinal
formla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Güvenirlik
analizi sonucunda, ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı
.97 ve test-tekrar güvenirlik katsayısı .93 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Madde analizi sonucunda, alt
ölçeklerin düzeltilmiş madde toplam
korelasyonlarının. 42 ile .73 arasında değiştiği
belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ölçeğin, Ciddi Boş
Zaman perspektifinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve
güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu
göstermektedir
important changes in our social life and our attitudes,
behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started
to change a number of social structures from family,
friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many
purposes such as information transfer, academic research,
entertainment, communication and commerce. However,
extremism in terms of time is observed other than this
functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess
the recreational use of Internet by research assistants
off-duty or off-education according to several variables
(gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time
sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of
accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who
worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe,
METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015
participated to the research. The data collection tools are the
“Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile
Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the
recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g.
gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms,
forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test,
One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and
interpretation of the data and the significance level was
found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the
difference between the groups. Consequently, significance
differences were found between BAPINT scores of the
gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while
no significance difference was found between the BAPINT
scores of the variables perceived income, participation in
scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere,
and fields.
important changes in our social life and our attitudes,
behaviors and habits. Indeed, Internet seems to have started
to change a number of social structures from family,
friendship to business relationships [1] Internet serves many
purposes such as information transfer, academic research,
entertainment, communication and commerce. However,
extremism in terms of time is observed other than this
functional use of Internet. The aim of this study is to assess
the recreational use of Internet by research assistants
off-duty or off-education according to several variables
(gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time, fields, perceived income and perceived leisure time
sufficiency, participation in scientific projects, capability of
accessing Internet anywhere). 400 research assistants who
worked in state universities in Ankara (Gazi, Hacettepe,
METU, and Ankara) in the spring term of 2014-2015
participated to the research. The data collection tools are the
“Personal Information Form” and the “Addiction Profile
Index Internet Form (BAPINT)”. BAPINT is about the
recreational use of Internet off-duty or off-education (e.g.
gaming, social media, e-mailing, websites, chat rooms,
forums, etc.) Frequency and percentage calculations, t-test,
One-Way ANOVA test were utilized in the analysis and
interpretation of the data and the significance level was
found to be 0.05 using Tukey's range test to determine the
difference between the groups. Consequently, significance
differences were found between BAPINT scores of the
gender, civil status, educational level, duration of leisure
time and perceived leisure time sufficiency variables while
no significance difference was found between the BAPINT
scores of the variables perceived income, participation in
scientific projects, capability of accessing Internet anywhere,
and fields.
youth centers according to certain variables. The research population is composed of youngsters who are
members of youth centers in Central Anatolia Region in Turkey. The research group is composed of 448 females
and 450 males whose ages vary between 15 and 25 and who are members of youth centers in 11 provinces in the
region. While questions were asked to take youngsters' personal details and opinions on leisure time, what was
utilized to identify their hopelessness levels was Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) that was developed by Beck et al.
(1974), adapted into Turkish language by Dilbaz and Seber (1993) and of which reliability and validity studies
were performed by Durak and Palabiyikoglu (1994). The internal consistency coefficient for this study was found
to be .81. Revealing the descriptive statistics of youngsters' hopelessness levels since they did not exhibit
parametric characteristics and applying Mann-Whitney U test to examine whether their hopelessness scores
varied according to gender, age, having personal talent, it was found that the hopelessness level differed
according to all these variables (p<0.05). According to perceived income level, leisure time sufficiency,
exhaustion from daily life, efficient use of leisure time and leisure-constraining factors, Kruskal-Wallis-H test was
used and it was seen that the hopelessness level differed according to all variables but exhaustion from daily life
(p<0.05). Consequently, the hopelessness levels of youngsters who spent their leisure time at youth centers was
low while the hopelessness levels of those whose ages were between 15 and 18, who perceived the income level as
being very low and very high, did not have personal talent, thought that they did not use their leisure time
efficiently, perceived their leisure time as being very sufficient or very insufficient, and whose leisureconstraining
factors were job and home household responsibilities were higher.
Keywords: Leisure time, Youth center, Hopelessness