Muftah Haddad
Muftah Ahmed Al-Haddad is currently a Professor of Archaeology and Ancient History at Az-Zaytuna University in Tarhuna, Libya. His teaching covers field archaeology methods and theory, landscape archaeology, the use of GIS in archaeological site survey and documentation. Mftah was born on April 4th 1966 in Tarhuna, Libya. He graduated from the Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Garyunis (Benghazi) in 1987. After his graduation he worked for the Department of Antiquities (DoA), starting his career as an archaeologist working with a team that was responsible for documenting the objects within the museum of Lepcis Magna. From 1995 to 2004 he was involved in several excavations and field surveys with foreign missions. The majority of these were within the controllership of Lepcis Magna, but a number involved exploratory work undertaken by oil companies in the Libyan Sahara.
In October 2005 Mftah began his doctoral research within the School of Archaeology and Ancient History at the University of Leicester in the UK, which was completed in June 2010. During these years he gained experience in the archaeological heritage of the Sahara, participating in two significant archaeological projects that were directed by his supervisor, Professor David Mattingly: Desert Migrations Project and Peopling the Desert.
Shortly after returning home to Libya he became the first director of the Documentation and Digitalization of Cultural Heritage Centre at the DoA (2012 -2015). During this period, he collaborated with the American Archaeological Mission, taking part in its work in Libya. From 2014 onwards he began to work with the University of Durham, coordinating a number of training courses for Libyan archaeologists and conducting seven archaeological field surveys in different regions of Libya. The most important of these field-survey projects was the Gebel Nafusa Survey, undertaken in April and May 2015. An article related to this survey has been published in the Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, V.23 (2016): Developing a Collaborative Strategy to Manage and Preserve Cultural Heritage During the Libyan Conflict. The Case of the Gebel Nāfusa. Mftah is also currently a member of two projects funded by the British Council’s Cultural Protection Fund: Training in Action and Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa EAMENA, the latter also funded by Arcadia. His current research interests include the archaeology of Roman Tripolitania, ceramic production and typology, and the development of a spatial-database for Libya’s cultural heritage.
In October 2005 Mftah began his doctoral research within the School of Archaeology and Ancient History at the University of Leicester in the UK, which was completed in June 2010. During these years he gained experience in the archaeological heritage of the Sahara, participating in two significant archaeological projects that were directed by his supervisor, Professor David Mattingly: Desert Migrations Project and Peopling the Desert.
Shortly after returning home to Libya he became the first director of the Documentation and Digitalization of Cultural Heritage Centre at the DoA (2012 -2015). During this period, he collaborated with the American Archaeological Mission, taking part in its work in Libya. From 2014 onwards he began to work with the University of Durham, coordinating a number of training courses for Libyan archaeologists and conducting seven archaeological field surveys in different regions of Libya. The most important of these field-survey projects was the Gebel Nafusa Survey, undertaken in April and May 2015. An article related to this survey has been published in the Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, V.23 (2016): Developing a Collaborative Strategy to Manage and Preserve Cultural Heritage During the Libyan Conflict. The Case of the Gebel Nāfusa. Mftah is also currently a member of two projects funded by the British Council’s Cultural Protection Fund: Training in Action and Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa EAMENA, the latter also funded by Arcadia. His current research interests include the archaeology of Roman Tripolitania, ceramic production and typology, and the development of a spatial-database for Libya’s cultural heritage.
less
Uploads
Papers by Muftah Haddad
تعتبر بقايا الجرار الفخارية من بين أكثر الشواهد الأثرية حضورا في المواقع الأثرية العائدة إلى الفترة الرومانية، وتفيد دراسة الجرار في معرفة وفهم الكثير من المعطيات والحصول على استنتاج عن جوانب مهمة من النشاط الاقتصادي وحركة التجارة الرومانية، لهذا اهتمت هذه الدراسة بالبحث في موضوع صناعة الجرار الفخارية في تريبوليتانيا(T.I, T. II and T.III) وإيضاح المستوى الذي وصلت إليه الدراسات المختصة في هذا الموضوع، وتحديد أشهر أماكن تواجد البقايا المكتشفة من هذه الجرار، ومدى أهمية هذه الشواهد الأثرية وبرهنتها على حركة السوق والصلات التجارية التي ربطت تريبوليتانيا مع روما نفسها خاصة وعالم البحر المتوسط عامة. من أهم النتائج التي أفضت إليها هذه الدراسة هي أهمية الدور الذي لعبته الجرار التريبوليتانية في حركة التجارة الرومانية، خاصة تجارة زيت الزيتون التي بلغت مرحلة الذروة والسيطرة خلال عهد حكم الأسرة السيفيرية للإمبراطورية الرومانية.
كلمات مفتاحية: جرار، تجارة، أختام، روما، تريبوليتانيا.
The remains of amphorae are considered among the most important archaeological evidence at the Roman period archaeological sites. Nowadays, it is known that how much the study of this evidence is very significant because of its value in knowing and understanding a lot of information and achieving a logical conclusion on several important aspects of the economic activity of the Roman goods trade. Therefore, this study is interested in researching the production of the three Tripolitanian amphorae (T.I, T. II and T.III) to clarify the level that has been reached by the relevant studies, to determine the most famous sites of remains of these amphorae, and demonstrate the importance of this archaeological evidence as an indicator on the market and the commercial network that linked the region of Tripolitania, particularly, with Rome itself and with the Mediterranean world. One of the most relevant results of this study is the importance of the role played by Tripolitanian amphorae in the Roman trade, especially the olive oil trade, which reached its peak and domination during the reign of the Severian family of the Roman Empire.
Key words: amphorae, trade, amphora stamps, Rome, Tripolitania.
Many cultural heritage sites in Libya are facing different natural and anthropogenic hazards. These hazards cause a lot of damage, distortion and tampering with cultural heritage properties, which, if they were lost, it would be difficult to replace. The archaeological site of Gholaia (Bu Njem) is considered one of the most important archaeological sites in Libya. It built by the Legio III Augusta during the reign of Emperor Septimius Severus, in the first year of the third century AD as a fort that is containing a regular military battalion and some auxiliary forces. This fort is considered one of the most important Roman forts constructed in the limes Tripolitanus areas. Several seasons of archaeological excavation were carried out by the French Archaeological Mission in the site during the late 1960s and early the 1970s. However, this important site currently faces several anthropogenic and natural risks that have caused significant damage and continue to pose strong threats to it. This study aims to monitor and assess the risks to this cultural heritage site. For this purpose, the study seems to be an essential step in addressing the problem and based on the tools and means provided by remote sensing technologies and geographic information systems to monitor and assess risks. Results of this study have specified that the sternness of anthropogenic risk on the site is stronger than the natural hazard, especially the risk emerges from the creation of palm farms within and around the archaeological site.
Key words: Gholaia, cultural heritage, remote sensing, risk assessment, risk map.
تعتبر بقايا الجرار الفخارية من بين أكثر الشواهد الأثرية حضورا في المواقع الأثرية العائدة إلى الفترة الرومانية، وتفيد دراسة الجرار في معرفة وفهم الكثير من المعطيات والحصول على استنتاج عن جوانب مهمة من النشاط الاقتصادي وحركة التجارة الرومانية، لهذا اهتمت هذه الدراسة بالبحث في موضوع صناعة الجرار الفخارية في تريبوليتانيا(T.I, T. II and T.III) وإيضاح المستوى الذي وصلت إليه الدراسات المختصة في هذا الموضوع، وتحديد أشهر أماكن تواجد البقايا المكتشفة من هذه الجرار، ومدى أهمية هذه الشواهد الأثرية وبرهنتها على حركة السوق والصلات التجارية التي ربطت تريبوليتانيا مع روما نفسها خاصة وعالم البحر المتوسط عامة. من أهم النتائج التي أفضت إليها هذه الدراسة هي أهمية الدور الذي لعبته الجرار التريبوليتانية في حركة التجارة الرومانية، خاصة تجارة زيت الزيتون التي بلغت مرحلة الذروة والسيطرة خلال عهد حكم الأسرة السيفيرية للإمبراطورية الرومانية.
كلمات مفتاحية: جرار، تجارة، أختام، روما، تريبوليتانيا.
The remains of amphorae are considered among the most important archaeological evidence at the Roman period archaeological sites. Nowadays, it is known that how much the study of this evidence is very significant because of its value in knowing and understanding a lot of information and achieving a logical conclusion on several important aspects of the economic activity of the Roman goods trade. Therefore, this study is interested in researching the production of the three Tripolitanian amphorae (T.I, T. II and T.III) to clarify the level that has been reached by the relevant studies, to determine the most famous sites of remains of these amphorae, and demonstrate the importance of this archaeological evidence as an indicator on the market and the commercial network that linked the region of Tripolitania, particularly, with Rome itself and with the Mediterranean world. One of the most relevant results of this study is the importance of the role played by Tripolitanian amphorae in the Roman trade, especially the olive oil trade, which reached its peak and domination during the reign of the Severian family of the Roman Empire.
Key words: amphorae, trade, amphora stamps, Rome, Tripolitania.
Many cultural heritage sites in Libya are facing different natural and anthropogenic hazards. These hazards cause a lot of damage, distortion and tampering with cultural heritage properties, which, if they were lost, it would be difficult to replace. The archaeological site of Gholaia (Bu Njem) is considered one of the most important archaeological sites in Libya. It built by the Legio III Augusta during the reign of Emperor Septimius Severus, in the first year of the third century AD as a fort that is containing a regular military battalion and some auxiliary forces. This fort is considered one of the most important Roman forts constructed in the limes Tripolitanus areas. Several seasons of archaeological excavation were carried out by the French Archaeological Mission in the site during the late 1960s and early the 1970s. However, this important site currently faces several anthropogenic and natural risks that have caused significant damage and continue to pose strong threats to it. This study aims to monitor and assess the risks to this cultural heritage site. For this purpose, the study seems to be an essential step in addressing the problem and based on the tools and means provided by remote sensing technologies and geographic information systems to monitor and assess risks. Results of this study have specified that the sternness of anthropogenic risk on the site is stronger than the natural hazard, especially the risk emerges from the creation of palm farms within and around the archaeological site.
Key words: Gholaia, cultural heritage, remote sensing, risk assessment, risk map.