Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery is an international, open-access, peer-reviewed journal in English that publishes original research papers, review papers, and clinical studies related to nursing and midwifery. Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery accepts original articles, review articles, short communications reporting clinical and basic research studies, case studies and clinical trials of significant scientific and ethical standards in the following areas: - Nursing; - Midwifery. Address: Golestan University of Medical Science
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Head nurses, as operational managers of hospitals, require robust communication skill... more Background: Head nurses, as operational managers of hospitals, require robust communication skills, comprehensive leadership knowledge, and proficient conflict management strategies. By utilizing appropriate management techniques based on these skills, head nurses can actively contribute to enhancing efficiency, improving performance, and delivering high-quality services within the hospital setting. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between communication skills, conflict management, and leadership style among head nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021, involving 166 head nurses employed across 16 hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The sampling method employed was a census approach, encompassing the entire population of interest. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected using established instruments, including Robbins' Evaluation of the Conflict Resolution Questionnaire, Queendom's Interpersonal Communication Skills Test, and Bass and Avolio's leadership style Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests were utilized to analyze the collected data. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The findings revealed that the total score of communication skills, particularly the dimensions of emotional control and listening skills, exhibited a significant positive association with the overall score of conflict management and its three distinct strategies. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was observed between the ability to receive and send messages and the contingent leadership style (P-value = 0.043). Conversely, the orientation strategy demonstrated a negative impact on leadership quality, as it was found to diminish leadership quality across all dimensions for head nurses. Furthermore, the control strategy exhibited a significant negative correlation with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.037). Lastly, the overall score of conflict management displayed a significant negative association with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.031). Conclusion: The assessment of head nurses' communication skills indicated an average proficiency level. The prevailing leadership style adopted by supervisors was charismatic, while the predominant conflict management strategy employed was non-confrontation. It is recommended that effective plans aimed at improving communication skills, fostering effective leadership, and enhancing conflict management be implemented within hospital departments to enhance the current situation. This can be achieved through organizing impactful training workshops and utilizing supportive and motivational mechanisms.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Infertility can lead to depression, anxiety, a loss of hope, and a sense of meaningle... more Background: Infertility can lead to depression, anxiety, a loss of hope, and a sense of meaninglessness in the lives of affected women. Implementing spiritual/religious interventions may help alleviate the psychological and social stress experienced by infertile women. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of spiritually integrated psychotherapy (SIP) in enhancing hope and daily spiritual experiences in infertile women. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all infertile women who had visited the Omid Royan Fertility Center in Arak (Iran) in 2022. A sample of 40 infertile women undergoing infertility treatment was selected through convenience and voluntary sampling. These women were divided into 2 groups, an intervention group and a control group, each consisting of 20 participants, using a randomized block design. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group attended 10 SIP intervention sessions. Data were collected using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and the Adult Hope Scale (AHS). The collected data were analyzed using univariate ANCOVA with SPSS v. 16. Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of hopes (pre-test: 20.02 ± 4.01, post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.02) and daily spiritual experiences (pre-test: 32.81 ± 5.24, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.01) in the participants of the 2 groups in the post-intervention phase. However, this difference was not significant for hope in the control group (pre-test: 12.02 ± 3.14; post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.52) and the DSES (pre-test: 32.61 ± 4.96, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.81). Conclusion: The findings suggest that integrative fertility treatment can effectively blend psychosocial interventions with spiritual/religious treatments. Furthermore, SIP intervention can be considered a complementary, supportive, and ongoing treatment option for infertile couples.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: The presence of nurses plays a crucial role in ensuring patient safety and delivering... more Background: The presence of nurses plays a crucial role in ensuring patient safety and delivering necessary nursing care. This study aimed to explore the process of nurses' presence at patients' beds in cancer wards. Methods: Employing a grounded theory approach, this qualitative study was conducted in a cancer ward, involving 34 participants including nurses, patient companions, and hospital staff. Participants were purposefully selected for their involvement. Interactive interviews were conducted for data collection, and data analysis followed the approach proposed by Corbin and Strauss in 2015. Results: The data analysis revealed the core category of "Striving to be with the patient", which encompassed the following axial categories: "Challenges of accompanying patients with diverse needs" (Context), "Striving to be with the patient" (Process), "Motivational factors driving the desire to be with the patient"(Mediating facilitator), "Difficulties encountered in maintaining patient presence"(Mediating inhibitor), and "Mixed feelings of satisfaction and sorrow accompanying the presence" (Outcome). Conclusion: Nurses in oncology wards demonstrate tremendous dedication as they strive to maintain a delicate equilibrium between their own emotional well-being and the diverse needs of their patients. This task can be highly demanding, but through the implementation of customized strategies and drawing inspiration from personal sources, these nurses effectively navigate the emotional challenges associated with patient care.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Defining the emergency nursing approach to trauma patients and identifying deficienci... more Background: Defining the emergency nursing approach to trauma patients and identifying deficiencies is crucial for providing effective, fast, safe, and high-quality emergency nursing care in the future. This study aimed to describe the nursing activities of emergency nurses working in a tertiary university hospital in the province of Samsun, located in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye, regarding the emergency nursing approach to trauma cases over a 1-year period. Methods: The research was conducted with a mixed method using data from 2018. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to define the emergency nursing approach to trauma cases in the emergency department (ED). Data were collected through a retrospective review of medical records of trauma patients (N=2540) in the ED and focus group discussions with 10 emergency nurses. The data extracted from the medical records of ED trauma patients were compared in terms of compliance with the emergency nursing job descriptions specified in the Nursing Regulation (NR) and the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) emergency nursing guide. Quantitative data were reported using frequency and percentage, while content analysis was performed for qualitative data. Content analysis involved coding, identifying themes, and organizing data according to the codes and themes that were determined. Results: The study revealed that ED nurses primarily assessed vital signs (81.5%) and consciousness (34.8%) and focused on activities related to the circulatory system (56%) in their nursing interventions. The research also indicated that the nurses' knowledge regarding the primary and secondary evaluation of emergency patients was insufficient. Although not currently a requirement in Türkiye, nurses expressed that obtaining emergency nursing education should be a prerequisite for working in the ED. Conclusion: The study found that ED nurses in Türkiye lacked a systematic guideline for approaching trauma patients, and there was inadequate adherence to ENA guidelines in practice. Additionally, independent nursing interventions that enhance the influence, visibility, and autonomy of the nursing profession were not being implemented in the ED.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Olfactory dysfunction, a prominent complication of COVID-19, significantly impacts pa... more Background: Olfactory dysfunction, a prominent complication of COVID-19, significantly impacts patients' quality of life, persisting for months after infection. Exploring diverse methodologies to address this issue necessitates scholarly investigation. Therefore, our primary objective was to assess the impact of olfactory training on enhancing olfaction sense among COVID-19 patients. Methods: This randomized controlled trial employed a pretest-posttest design to assess COVID-19 patients experiencing olfactory dysfunction at the Babol Health Center in northern Iran. Patients were allocated to either the control or intervention group using closed envelopes. Both groups, consisting of 50 patients each, completed the Olfactory Disorders - Negative Statements (QOD-NS) questionnaire before the intervention. Over a six-week period, participants in the intervention group were exposed to Phenylethyl alcohol, Eucalyptus, Citronol, and Eugenol twice daily, rotating each scent for 20 seconds with ten-second breaks in between, while the control group received no intervention. Independent and paired t-tests were utilized to analyze the relationship between the groups before and after the intervention, with analysis conducted using SPSS 16. The significance level was set at less than 0.05. Results: The mean score of olfactory disorder among patients before the intervention in both the intervention and control groups was 24.32 ± 6.60 and 22.85 ± 8.04, respectively, showing no significant difference (P = 0.33). However, following the intervention, the scores decreased to 19.60 ± 5.74 and 22.52 ± 7.39 in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference observed (P = 0.034). Conclusion: Olfactory training demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing olfaction sense among patients with COVID-19 experiencing olfactory disorders. Consequently, it is recommended that nurses be trained to administer this program to COVID-19 patients with olfactory disorders upon discharge, facilitating their recovery process.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Mutual rights in the medical system have always been considered an important componen... more Background: Mutual rights in the medical system have always been considered an important component of medical ethics. Observance of midwives' rights could affect the quality of their services. This study was conducted to determine the methods for improving the observance of midwives' rights from the perspective of midwives and related managers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 346 midwives and 19 hospital managers in 9 hospitals in Isfahan (Iran) 2018 -2019. The sample was selected from the midwives using the census method and from the managers using the purposive method. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing demographic, managerial-organizational, and individual methods to improve the observance of midwives' rights. Findings were analyzed using descriptive/inferential statistics (T- test) in SPSS v. 18 software. Results: Managerial-organizational and individual methods from the perspective of midwives and managers (total view) were not significantly different (P>0.05). The most important managerial-organizational method to improve the observance of midwives' rights included "increasing the level of awareness of midwifery staff about their rights and their recognition" with a mean and standard deviation (SD) of 4.32 ± 0.78, and one of the most important individual methods was to "improve work conscience" with a mean and SD of 4.35 ± 0.80. Conclusion: Managerial-organizational and individual methods are important to increase the observance of midwives' rights in the hospital. In order to improve midwifery services and midwives' health, hospital managers must make the necessary efforts to increase the observance of midwives' rights by considering related factors.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Women have less interaction with the fetus in unplanned pregnancies. This study aimed... more Background: Women have less interaction with the fetus in unplanned pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the effect of an antenatal training program on maternal-fetal attachment in unplanned pregnancies. Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was performed in the north of Iran in 2019. By simple randomization, 76 mothers with unplanned pregnancies were allocated to the intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group attended three sessions (90 minutes per session) of training based on interaction with the fetus in small groups. The control group only received routine care. Data collection instruments included a demographics checklist, London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy, and Cranley’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact test, t-test, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Results: The mean difference of maternal-fetal attachment before and after training was 3.41±2.08 (P=0.112) in the intervention group and 3.96±2.17 (P=0.078) in the control group. However, the differences between and within groups were not significant. The differences in the subscales of attachment with the fetus were not also significant between the groups after the intervention. Although the post-intervention attachment score for unwanted pregnancy was lower than mistimed pregnancy in the intervention (mean difference: 14±3.61) and control groups (mean difference: 3.70±1.87), it was not significantly different based on the type of pregnancy between the groups. Conclusion: Maternal-fetal attachment training did not boost interaction with the fetus in mothers with unplanned pregnancies; thus, deeper psychological interventions are needed.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Acquiring clinical skills is vital in nursing education as it directly impacts studen... more Background: Acquiring clinical skills is vital in nursing education as it directly impacts students' competency and preparedness to provide safe and effective patient care. Flipped classroom approaches have gained attention, restructuring the teaching model to promote active learning and student engagement. The effectiveness of flipped classroom approaches in developing clinical skills among nursing students was evaluated through a systematic review. Methods: A systematic review methodology was employed to identify relevant studies. From the period 2013 to 2023, seven databases, namely ScienceDirect, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Sage Journal, Taylor and Francis, and PubMed, were searched through search strategy and the use of Boolean operators. Articles were assessed based on criterion and appraised using standardized tools: Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for quasi-experimental research & ROBVIS RCT checklist for assessing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials. The authors employed the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines for data analysis PRISMA checklist in finally appraising articles included for review. Results: Eight articles (quasi-experimental and RCTs) out of 17,374 reviewed were conducted in Egypt, the United States, Turkey, Spain, and Taiwan. The studies involved 733 nursing students, and the duration of the interventions ranged from 10 to 16 weeks. Studies showed an overall low risk of bias and flipped classrooms significantly improved nursing students' clinical skills. The specific clinical skills that were improved included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, urinary catheterization, and safe medication administration. Conclusion: Flipped classroom approaches are a promising pedagogical method for enhancing the clinical skills of nursing students. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to identify the best practices for implementing flipped classroom approaches in nursing education.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Nurses constitute a significant portion of the health care workforce, playing a cruci... more Background: Nurses constitute a significant portion of the health care workforce, playing a crucial role in enhancing the quality of hospital services, particularly in the context of nursing documentation to ensure the precise recording of patient information in accordance with established standards. This study examines the factors associated with implementing nursing documentation in a psychiatric hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2023 in a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 144 nurses working in the hospital. Data collection methods encompassed supervision questionnaires, Unified Motive Scales (UMS), and observation sheets used for recording nursing care activities. Data analysis involved the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Data analysis was performed with a significance level set at 0.05 and a CI of 95%, utilizing STATA 13. Results: We found significant associations between nursing documentation and supervision techniques (p = 0.01), need for power (p = 0.001), and need for affiliation (p = 0.002). Notably, the need for power emerged as the most influential factor in nursing documentation (odds ratio [OR] = 8.46; 95% CI, 3.53-20.28). Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of supervision techniques, power needs, and affiliated needs in the context of nursing documentation. The statistically significant associations between these factors emphasize their role in ensuring accurate and comprehensive record-keeping within health care settings. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial influence of the need for power, with a high OR, suggesting that addressing power dynamics may be an essential strategy for improving nursing care documentation practices.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Young women, especially those with disabilities suffering from primary dysmenorrhea (... more Background: Young women, especially those with disabilities suffering from primary dysmenorrhea (PD), should be a cause for concern, as it negatively affects both their physical and mental health, as well as their future productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing audio-educational measures on the severity of PD among blind female students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at 2 schools for blind females in Egypt in 2022. The sample consisted of 40 blind female students who were selected randomly. The WaLIDD (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea) scale was used to assess the degree of dysmenorrhea, while the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to evaluate their physical and mental well-being. The intervention program involved audio education sessions designed to improve their health, education, and skills, as well as reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea. These audio education sessions took place twice a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes for a duration of 3 months. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and paired sample t tests at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The average age of the participants was 15.5 ± 1.91 years. The findings showed that the implementation of the audio-educational intervention led to a significant reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms, significant increase in general knowledge, and significant improvements in the physical and mental health of the participants (P < 0.001). Listening training was a positive and significant predictor for the health status of blind female students (ß = 0.614; P = 0.028), while the severity of dysmenorrhea was a significant negative predictor for their health status (ß = -0.046; P = 0.05). Conclusion: The use of audio-educational measures is an effective strategy for increasing knowledge, practice, and health status while reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea among blind female students. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses educate blind teenage girls about menstruation and standard menstrual care to reduce dysmenorrhea and enhance their overall health. Additionally, dysmenorrhea and its management strategies should be included in school curricula for females.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Because of the numerous problems created by neurofibromatosis type 1, particular qual... more Background: Because of the numerous problems created by neurofibromatosis type 1, particular quality-of-life evaluation measures are quite significant. In Iran, general instruments are used to assess the quality of life of the target group. This study aimed to translate and examine the psychometrics of the Persian version of the Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Adult Health-related Quality of Life (NF1-AdQOL) questionnaire. Methods: This was a methodological and cross-sectional study. A total of 414 adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 in the Iranian Association of Neurofibromatosis were selected via convenience sampling. With the permission of the questionnaire's developer, the English version was translated into Persian using the standard back-translation procedure. Validity was assessed using face validity, content validity, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman's correlation, respectively. Results: The participants' mean age was 34.48±8.3 years. The 31-item questionnaire was translated into Persian, and based on content validity analysis, 2 items were removed. The adequacy of the sample size was acceptable (KMO = 0.940). Exploratory factor analysis revealed 4 factors. The scale had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.95), and the intraclass coefficient was 0.91. The total mean quality of life score was 93±25.18. Conclusions: The finding showed that the Persian version of the questionnaire has good structural characteristics and is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with neurofibromatosis 1.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Health care provided by youth can support homebound and bedridden older adults. The p... more Background: Health care provided by youth can support homebound and bedridden older adults. The purpose of this study was to develop a program for homebound and bedridden older adults in rural areas of northeastern Thailand.
Methods: The methodology was a mixed method, including 1) exploration of the current situation through qualitative method, 2) development of a training program, and 3) implementation and evaluation of the program developed through a quasi-experimental method from February to June 2020 in Ta-Muang Subdistrict, Selaphum District, Roi Et Province, Thailand. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, Thai version of the brief form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI), and Srithanya Stress Test (ST-5) questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentages, means, SDs, and paired t tests, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The qualitative method showed 4 major themes, including 1) lack of caregivers, 2) lack of knowledge, 3) loneliness and stress, and 4) under the poverty line. The training program involved 6 activities: 1) providing knowledge in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 2) demonstrating and practicing in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 3) caring for older adults with love and care, 4) providing hygiene care to older adults, 5) promoting self-worth and self-confidence in youth, and 6) enhancing community participation. The quantitative method showed after the implementation of this training program. Findings showed that quality of life had higher mean scores, and stress had lower mean scores compared to the prior implementation.
Conclusion: This training program could promote bonding among youth and homebound and bedridden older adults through peer support from health volunteers.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Self-awareness and sexual satisfaction can be affected by the fear following the spre... more Background: Self-awareness and sexual satisfaction can be affected by the fear following the spread of disease. The study was done with the aim of comparing self-awareness and sexual satisfaction scores before and during the Corona period in married women covered by health service centers. Methods: Descriptive-analytical research was conducted on 60 reproductive age women who participated in an intervention study before Corona (2017). The Persian self-awareness and sexual satisfaction tools of the first study were provided online to the participants. Data analysis was done through spss-16 and Shapiro-Wilk, Machelli, repeated analysis of variance, Bonferroni, Tukey with a confidence factor of 0.95.
Results: In the intervention group; the mean score of sexual satisfaction at times one (before the intervention in the first study) and two (after the intervention in the first study) (101.77 ± 10.59, 110.51 ± 8.37, respectively) increased significantly (P-Value<0.001) and in Times two and three (COVID-19 period) (110.51 ± 8.37, 107.06 ± 9.21, respectively) have decreased significantly (P-Value <0.007). The mean score of private self-awareness decreased significantly in times two and three (31.9±4.5, 27.67±5.17) ، (P-Value <0.001). The mean score of general self-awareness had no significant changes in time two and three (17.38±3.07, 15.61±3.55, respectively). The mean scores of social increased significantly during the COVID-19 period (11.83±6.42).
Conclusion: The results show that the score of sexual satisfaction, private and public self-awareness of women in the intervention group remained higher than the control group during the covid-19. This shows that the effect of self-awareness training has not completely disappeared.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Clinical competency is one of the performance indicators of nurses requiring the use ... more Background: Clinical competency is one of the performance indicators of nurses requiring the use of technical and communication skills, knowledge, clinical reasoning, emotions, and professional values at the bedside. The present study’s aim was to assess the clinical competency of nurses working at intensive care units (ICUs) and explore some of its associated factors in hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on ICU nurses working at the hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences in the northeast of Iran. A total of 160 eligible nurses were recruited using the simple random sampling method. The data were collected through the Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Competence Scale (ICCN-CS), which evaluates the 4 areas of knowledge, skill, attitudes and values, and work experience via 80 statements. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of 5%. Results: Most of the participants (69.2%) attained an excellent clinical competency score, and the overall level of clinical competency was excellent. Also, the highest level of competency belonged to the knowledge area (85.11 ± 82.63), and the lowest level was related to the field of skills (80.40± 17.19). Clinical competency showed a significant association with demographic features, including age (P<0.001), type of contract (P<0.001), work experience (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.001), and average overtime hours (P<0.003). Conclusion: Evaluation of nurses’ clinical competency can help improve the quality of care. It is suggested that health policymakers focus on upgrading the clinical competency of ICU nurses by improving their clinical skills.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Nursing organizations are an essential part of the nursing profession. The main missi... more Background: Nursing organizations are an essential part of the nursing profession. The main mission of nursing organizations is to establish new nursing roles based on changes in societal needs. This study conducted a situational analysis of the nursing organizations' life cycle and their effects on nursing role development in Iran. Methods: This study used a grounded theory methodology called situational analysis based on the Clack framework (2018). The sources of data collection included interviews, analysis of documents at Dr Madah Association and the National Library of Iran, statistics, government documents, international reports, and historical articles about nursing organizations, as well as reports on the role of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and registered nurses (RNs). Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 33 nurses. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Results: Researchers identified 7 trends that reflect the evolution of nursing organizations and the health care system, as well as the factors that influenced the development of nursing roles. The 7-step trends were marked with letters A to G. Each letter indicated a map of concepts related to the role of nursing. Conclusion: The process of developing the role of nurses in Iran, at the senior management level, struggles with the unbalanced distribution of budget in the health system. Therefore, nursing leaders need to foster their interaction and diplomacy to be able to strike a balance between the micro, middle, and macrostructures of nursing.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Swift diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients can avert unnecessary hospitalizati... more Background: Swift diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients can avert unnecessary hospitalizations. Emergency departments routinely assess patients using the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) method. This study compares the effects of two triage methods, cardiac triage, and ESI, on the admission time of acute coronary syndrome patients. Methods: This intervention study aimed to enhance the quality of therapeutic interventions through an intervention design featuring a control group. The research sample comprised all patients referred to the Sayad Shirazi Educational and Medical Center triage unit in Gorgan, Iran. All patients were randomly allocated into two groups: the control group (23 patients) and the intervention group (46 patients), utilizing a simple random allocation method. The control group underwent triage using the Emergency Severity Index, whereas the intervention group received cardiac triage. Triage forms and time-related indices were completed for both groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk, and the Mann-Whitney tests to compare these characteristics between the two groups, utilizing SPSS version 18. Results: Significant statistical differences were observed between the two groups in several aspects: the average time from the emergency department to the cardiac intensive care unit (p < 0.001), the average duration of presence of a cardiac specialist physician (p < 0.001), the average time from arrival to triage room exit (p < 0.001), and the average hospitalization time (p < 0.001). These time intervals were shorter in the cardiac triage group. Conclusion: Implementing specialized cardiac triage for cardiac patients plays a pivotal role in reducing response times. Cardiac triage can furnish the medical team with more comprehensive information, thereby improving the management of these patients in the emergency department.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Uterine fibroids (UFs) are a common gynecological problem among reproductive-age wome... more Background: Uterine fibroids (UFs) are a common gynecological problem among reproductive-age women and lead to poor quality of life (QOL). This research aimed to evaluate the effect of a supportive educational intervention on knowledge and QOL among women with UFs. Methods: This quasi-experimental study (1 group/pre- and posttest), including supportive education intervention, was performed at the outpatient clinic, Gynecological Department, Benha University Hospital. The samples consisted of 100 women diagnosed with UFs. Three tools were used for data collection: a structured interviewing questionnaire, women's knowledge regarding UFs, and health-related QOL (HRQOL) questionnaire. Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference in women’s knowledge of UFs before and after the intervention (P = 0.0001). In addition, women had a high level of QOL score after the intervention. Moreover, there was a highly positive association between total women's knowledge and QOL score (P = 0.0001). Based on the pre- and post-intervention results, the mean difference for the variables of “total score of severity symptoms” and “total HRQL score” was -6.25 and +12.38. Conclusion: Educational intervention has a positive effect on improving women's knowledge and enhancing QOL regarding UFs. It is suggested that an educational program should be incorporated as a nursing intervention to improve women's knowledge and QOL for those with UFs.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Hearing loss is a common condition during the aging process. Improving hearing loss t... more Background: Hearing loss is a common condition during the aging process. Improving hearing loss through hearing aids may impact satisfaction and the quality of life of elderly individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the association between Hearing Aid Use Satisfaction (HAUS) and the quality of life among the elderly with hearing loss in Gorgan, Iran. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation conducted in 2019 at the health insurance office in Gorgan, Iran. The study included elderly individuals aged over 60 who were fitted with hearing aids. Sixty subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were conveniently selected. The assessment tools included a demographics checklist, the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) scale, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 and involved the Chi-squared test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation coefficient. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered. Results: The participants' mean age was 76.85±8.16, falling within the age range of 75-89. The average satisfaction score for the use of the HAUS was 63.90±11.07. A significant statistical association was observed between HAUS and economic status (P=0.03), the type of hearing aid used (P=0.024), and the level of daily hearing aid usage (P=0.0001). With an increase in the number of hours of hearing aid use, the mean satisfaction score also showed an increase. The mean score for the quality of life among the elderly individuals was 32.77±2.02, and no correlation was observed between satisfaction with HA use and quality of life (r=0.068, P=0.511). Conclusion: The findings suggest that hearing aid devices can enhance the satisfaction and quality of life of elderly individuals, thereby increasing their engagement in daily activities.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Head nurses, as operational managers of hospitals, require robust communication skill... more Background: Head nurses, as operational managers of hospitals, require robust communication skills, comprehensive leadership knowledge, and proficient conflict management strategies. By utilizing appropriate management techniques based on these skills, head nurses can actively contribute to enhancing efficiency, improving performance, and delivering high-quality services within the hospital setting. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between communication skills, conflict management, and leadership style among head nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021, involving 166 head nurses employed across 16 hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The sampling method employed was a census approach, encompassing the entire population of interest. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected using established instruments, including Robbins' Evaluation of the Conflict Resolution Questionnaire, Queendom's Interpersonal Communication Skills Test, and Bass and Avolio's leadership style Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests were utilized to analyze the collected data. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The findings revealed that the total score of communication skills, particularly the dimensions of emotional control and listening skills, exhibited a significant positive association with the overall score of conflict management and its three distinct strategies. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was observed between the ability to receive and send messages and the contingent leadership style (P-value = 0.043). Conversely, the orientation strategy demonstrated a negative impact on leadership quality, as it was found to diminish leadership quality across all dimensions for head nurses. Furthermore, the control strategy exhibited a significant negative correlation with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.037). Lastly, the overall score of conflict management displayed a significant negative association with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.031). Conclusion: The assessment of head nurses' communication skills indicated an average proficiency level. The prevailing leadership style adopted by supervisors was charismatic, while the predominant conflict management strategy employed was non-confrontation. It is recommended that effective plans aimed at improving communication skills, fostering effective leadership, and enhancing conflict management be implemented within hospital departments to enhance the current situation. This can be achieved through organizing impactful training workshops and utilizing supportive and motivational mechanisms.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Infertility can lead to depression, anxiety, a loss of hope, and a sense of meaningle... more Background: Infertility can lead to depression, anxiety, a loss of hope, and a sense of meaninglessness in the lives of affected women. Implementing spiritual/religious interventions may help alleviate the psychological and social stress experienced by infertile women. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of spiritually integrated psychotherapy (SIP) in enhancing hope and daily spiritual experiences in infertile women. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all infertile women who had visited the Omid Royan Fertility Center in Arak (Iran) in 2022. A sample of 40 infertile women undergoing infertility treatment was selected through convenience and voluntary sampling. These women were divided into 2 groups, an intervention group and a control group, each consisting of 20 participants, using a randomized block design. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group attended 10 SIP intervention sessions. Data were collected using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and the Adult Hope Scale (AHS). The collected data were analyzed using univariate ANCOVA with SPSS v. 16. Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of hopes (pre-test: 20.02 ± 4.01, post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.02) and daily spiritual experiences (pre-test: 32.81 ± 5.24, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.01) in the participants of the 2 groups in the post-intervention phase. However, this difference was not significant for hope in the control group (pre-test: 12.02 ± 3.14; post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.52) and the DSES (pre-test: 32.61 ± 4.96, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.81). Conclusion: The findings suggest that integrative fertility treatment can effectively blend psychosocial interventions with spiritual/religious treatments. Furthermore, SIP intervention can be considered a complementary, supportive, and ongoing treatment option for infertile couples.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: The presence of nurses plays a crucial role in ensuring patient safety and delivering... more Background: The presence of nurses plays a crucial role in ensuring patient safety and delivering necessary nursing care. This study aimed to explore the process of nurses' presence at patients' beds in cancer wards. Methods: Employing a grounded theory approach, this qualitative study was conducted in a cancer ward, involving 34 participants including nurses, patient companions, and hospital staff. Participants were purposefully selected for their involvement. Interactive interviews were conducted for data collection, and data analysis followed the approach proposed by Corbin and Strauss in 2015. Results: The data analysis revealed the core category of "Striving to be with the patient", which encompassed the following axial categories: "Challenges of accompanying patients with diverse needs" (Context), "Striving to be with the patient" (Process), "Motivational factors driving the desire to be with the patient"(Mediating facilitator), "Difficulties encountered in maintaining patient presence"(Mediating inhibitor), and "Mixed feelings of satisfaction and sorrow accompanying the presence" (Outcome). Conclusion: Nurses in oncology wards demonstrate tremendous dedication as they strive to maintain a delicate equilibrium between their own emotional well-being and the diverse needs of their patients. This task can be highly demanding, but through the implementation of customized strategies and drawing inspiration from personal sources, these nurses effectively navigate the emotional challenges associated with patient care.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Defining the emergency nursing approach to trauma patients and identifying deficienci... more Background: Defining the emergency nursing approach to trauma patients and identifying deficiencies is crucial for providing effective, fast, safe, and high-quality emergency nursing care in the future. This study aimed to describe the nursing activities of emergency nurses working in a tertiary university hospital in the province of Samsun, located in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye, regarding the emergency nursing approach to trauma cases over a 1-year period. Methods: The research was conducted with a mixed method using data from 2018. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to define the emergency nursing approach to trauma cases in the emergency department (ED). Data were collected through a retrospective review of medical records of trauma patients (N=2540) in the ED and focus group discussions with 10 emergency nurses. The data extracted from the medical records of ED trauma patients were compared in terms of compliance with the emergency nursing job descriptions specified in the Nursing Regulation (NR) and the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) emergency nursing guide. Quantitative data were reported using frequency and percentage, while content analysis was performed for qualitative data. Content analysis involved coding, identifying themes, and organizing data according to the codes and themes that were determined. Results: The study revealed that ED nurses primarily assessed vital signs (81.5%) and consciousness (34.8%) and focused on activities related to the circulatory system (56%) in their nursing interventions. The research also indicated that the nurses' knowledge regarding the primary and secondary evaluation of emergency patients was insufficient. Although not currently a requirement in Türkiye, nurses expressed that obtaining emergency nursing education should be a prerequisite for working in the ED. Conclusion: The study found that ED nurses in Türkiye lacked a systematic guideline for approaching trauma patients, and there was inadequate adherence to ENA guidelines in practice. Additionally, independent nursing interventions that enhance the influence, visibility, and autonomy of the nursing profession were not being implemented in the ED.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Olfactory dysfunction, a prominent complication of COVID-19, significantly impacts pa... more Background: Olfactory dysfunction, a prominent complication of COVID-19, significantly impacts patients' quality of life, persisting for months after infection. Exploring diverse methodologies to address this issue necessitates scholarly investigation. Therefore, our primary objective was to assess the impact of olfactory training on enhancing olfaction sense among COVID-19 patients. Methods: This randomized controlled trial employed a pretest-posttest design to assess COVID-19 patients experiencing olfactory dysfunction at the Babol Health Center in northern Iran. Patients were allocated to either the control or intervention group using closed envelopes. Both groups, consisting of 50 patients each, completed the Olfactory Disorders - Negative Statements (QOD-NS) questionnaire before the intervention. Over a six-week period, participants in the intervention group were exposed to Phenylethyl alcohol, Eucalyptus, Citronol, and Eugenol twice daily, rotating each scent for 20 seconds with ten-second breaks in between, while the control group received no intervention. Independent and paired t-tests were utilized to analyze the relationship between the groups before and after the intervention, with analysis conducted using SPSS 16. The significance level was set at less than 0.05. Results: The mean score of olfactory disorder among patients before the intervention in both the intervention and control groups was 24.32 ± 6.60 and 22.85 ± 8.04, respectively, showing no significant difference (P = 0.33). However, following the intervention, the scores decreased to 19.60 ± 5.74 and 22.52 ± 7.39 in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference observed (P = 0.034). Conclusion: Olfactory training demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing olfaction sense among patients with COVID-19 experiencing olfactory disorders. Consequently, it is recommended that nurses be trained to administer this program to COVID-19 patients with olfactory disorders upon discharge, facilitating their recovery process.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Mutual rights in the medical system have always been considered an important componen... more Background: Mutual rights in the medical system have always been considered an important component of medical ethics. Observance of midwives' rights could affect the quality of their services. This study was conducted to determine the methods for improving the observance of midwives' rights from the perspective of midwives and related managers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 346 midwives and 19 hospital managers in 9 hospitals in Isfahan (Iran) 2018 -2019. The sample was selected from the midwives using the census method and from the managers using the purposive method. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing demographic, managerial-organizational, and individual methods to improve the observance of midwives' rights. Findings were analyzed using descriptive/inferential statistics (T- test) in SPSS v. 18 software. Results: Managerial-organizational and individual methods from the perspective of midwives and managers (total view) were not significantly different (P>0.05). The most important managerial-organizational method to improve the observance of midwives' rights included "increasing the level of awareness of midwifery staff about their rights and their recognition" with a mean and standard deviation (SD) of 4.32 ± 0.78, and one of the most important individual methods was to "improve work conscience" with a mean and SD of 4.35 ± 0.80. Conclusion: Managerial-organizational and individual methods are important to increase the observance of midwives' rights in the hospital. In order to improve midwifery services and midwives' health, hospital managers must make the necessary efforts to increase the observance of midwives' rights by considering related factors.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Women have less interaction with the fetus in unplanned pregnancies. This study aimed... more Background: Women have less interaction with the fetus in unplanned pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the effect of an antenatal training program on maternal-fetal attachment in unplanned pregnancies. Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was performed in the north of Iran in 2019. By simple randomization, 76 mothers with unplanned pregnancies were allocated to the intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group attended three sessions (90 minutes per session) of training based on interaction with the fetus in small groups. The control group only received routine care. Data collection instruments included a demographics checklist, London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy, and Cranley’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact test, t-test, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Results: The mean difference of maternal-fetal attachment before and after training was 3.41±2.08 (P=0.112) in the intervention group and 3.96±2.17 (P=0.078) in the control group. However, the differences between and within groups were not significant. The differences in the subscales of attachment with the fetus were not also significant between the groups after the intervention. Although the post-intervention attachment score for unwanted pregnancy was lower than mistimed pregnancy in the intervention (mean difference: 14±3.61) and control groups (mean difference: 3.70±1.87), it was not significantly different based on the type of pregnancy between the groups. Conclusion: Maternal-fetal attachment training did not boost interaction with the fetus in mothers with unplanned pregnancies; thus, deeper psychological interventions are needed.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Acquiring clinical skills is vital in nursing education as it directly impacts studen... more Background: Acquiring clinical skills is vital in nursing education as it directly impacts students' competency and preparedness to provide safe and effective patient care. Flipped classroom approaches have gained attention, restructuring the teaching model to promote active learning and student engagement. The effectiveness of flipped classroom approaches in developing clinical skills among nursing students was evaluated through a systematic review. Methods: A systematic review methodology was employed to identify relevant studies. From the period 2013 to 2023, seven databases, namely ScienceDirect, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Sage Journal, Taylor and Francis, and PubMed, were searched through search strategy and the use of Boolean operators. Articles were assessed based on criterion and appraised using standardized tools: Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for quasi-experimental research & ROBVIS RCT checklist for assessing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials. The authors employed the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines for data analysis PRISMA checklist in finally appraising articles included for review. Results: Eight articles (quasi-experimental and RCTs) out of 17,374 reviewed were conducted in Egypt, the United States, Turkey, Spain, and Taiwan. The studies involved 733 nursing students, and the duration of the interventions ranged from 10 to 16 weeks. Studies showed an overall low risk of bias and flipped classrooms significantly improved nursing students' clinical skills. The specific clinical skills that were improved included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, urinary catheterization, and safe medication administration. Conclusion: Flipped classroom approaches are a promising pedagogical method for enhancing the clinical skills of nursing students. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to identify the best practices for implementing flipped classroom approaches in nursing education.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2024
Background: Nurses constitute a significant portion of the health care workforce, playing a cruci... more Background: Nurses constitute a significant portion of the health care workforce, playing a crucial role in enhancing the quality of hospital services, particularly in the context of nursing documentation to ensure the precise recording of patient information in accordance with established standards. This study examines the factors associated with implementing nursing documentation in a psychiatric hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2023 in a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 144 nurses working in the hospital. Data collection methods encompassed supervision questionnaires, Unified Motive Scales (UMS), and observation sheets used for recording nursing care activities. Data analysis involved the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Data analysis was performed with a significance level set at 0.05 and a CI of 95%, utilizing STATA 13. Results: We found significant associations between nursing documentation and supervision techniques (p = 0.01), need for power (p = 0.001), and need for affiliation (p = 0.002). Notably, the need for power emerged as the most influential factor in nursing documentation (odds ratio [OR] = 8.46; 95% CI, 3.53-20.28). Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of supervision techniques, power needs, and affiliated needs in the context of nursing documentation. The statistically significant associations between these factors emphasize their role in ensuring accurate and comprehensive record-keeping within health care settings. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial influence of the need for power, with a high OR, suggesting that addressing power dynamics may be an essential strategy for improving nursing care documentation practices.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Young women, especially those with disabilities suffering from primary dysmenorrhea (... more Background: Young women, especially those with disabilities suffering from primary dysmenorrhea (PD), should be a cause for concern, as it negatively affects both their physical and mental health, as well as their future productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing audio-educational measures on the severity of PD among blind female students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at 2 schools for blind females in Egypt in 2022. The sample consisted of 40 blind female students who were selected randomly. The WaLIDD (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea) scale was used to assess the degree of dysmenorrhea, while the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to evaluate their physical and mental well-being. The intervention program involved audio education sessions designed to improve their health, education, and skills, as well as reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea. These audio education sessions took place twice a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes for a duration of 3 months. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and paired sample t tests at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The average age of the participants was 15.5 ± 1.91 years. The findings showed that the implementation of the audio-educational intervention led to a significant reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms, significant increase in general knowledge, and significant improvements in the physical and mental health of the participants (P < 0.001). Listening training was a positive and significant predictor for the health status of blind female students (ß = 0.614; P = 0.028), while the severity of dysmenorrhea was a significant negative predictor for their health status (ß = -0.046; P = 0.05). Conclusion: The use of audio-educational measures is an effective strategy for increasing knowledge, practice, and health status while reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea among blind female students. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses educate blind teenage girls about menstruation and standard menstrual care to reduce dysmenorrhea and enhance their overall health. Additionally, dysmenorrhea and its management strategies should be included in school curricula for females.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Because of the numerous problems created by neurofibromatosis type 1, particular qual... more Background: Because of the numerous problems created by neurofibromatosis type 1, particular quality-of-life evaluation measures are quite significant. In Iran, general instruments are used to assess the quality of life of the target group. This study aimed to translate and examine the psychometrics of the Persian version of the Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Adult Health-related Quality of Life (NF1-AdQOL) questionnaire. Methods: This was a methodological and cross-sectional study. A total of 414 adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 in the Iranian Association of Neurofibromatosis were selected via convenience sampling. With the permission of the questionnaire's developer, the English version was translated into Persian using the standard back-translation procedure. Validity was assessed using face validity, content validity, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman's correlation, respectively. Results: The participants' mean age was 34.48±8.3 years. The 31-item questionnaire was translated into Persian, and based on content validity analysis, 2 items were removed. The adequacy of the sample size was acceptable (KMO = 0.940). Exploratory factor analysis revealed 4 factors. The scale had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.95), and the intraclass coefficient was 0.91. The total mean quality of life score was 93±25.18. Conclusions: The finding showed that the Persian version of the questionnaire has good structural characteristics and is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with neurofibromatosis 1.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Health care provided by youth can support homebound and bedridden older adults. The p... more Background: Health care provided by youth can support homebound and bedridden older adults. The purpose of this study was to develop a program for homebound and bedridden older adults in rural areas of northeastern Thailand.
Methods: The methodology was a mixed method, including 1) exploration of the current situation through qualitative method, 2) development of a training program, and 3) implementation and evaluation of the program developed through a quasi-experimental method from February to June 2020 in Ta-Muang Subdistrict, Selaphum District, Roi Et Province, Thailand. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, Thai version of the brief form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI), and Srithanya Stress Test (ST-5) questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentages, means, SDs, and paired t tests, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The qualitative method showed 4 major themes, including 1) lack of caregivers, 2) lack of knowledge, 3) loneliness and stress, and 4) under the poverty line. The training program involved 6 activities: 1) providing knowledge in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 2) demonstrating and practicing in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 3) caring for older adults with love and care, 4) providing hygiene care to older adults, 5) promoting self-worth and self-confidence in youth, and 6) enhancing community participation. The quantitative method showed after the implementation of this training program. Findings showed that quality of life had higher mean scores, and stress had lower mean scores compared to the prior implementation.
Conclusion: This training program could promote bonding among youth and homebound and bedridden older adults through peer support from health volunteers.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Self-awareness and sexual satisfaction can be affected by the fear following the spre... more Background: Self-awareness and sexual satisfaction can be affected by the fear following the spread of disease. The study was done with the aim of comparing self-awareness and sexual satisfaction scores before and during the Corona period in married women covered by health service centers. Methods: Descriptive-analytical research was conducted on 60 reproductive age women who participated in an intervention study before Corona (2017). The Persian self-awareness and sexual satisfaction tools of the first study were provided online to the participants. Data analysis was done through spss-16 and Shapiro-Wilk, Machelli, repeated analysis of variance, Bonferroni, Tukey with a confidence factor of 0.95.
Results: In the intervention group; the mean score of sexual satisfaction at times one (before the intervention in the first study) and two (after the intervention in the first study) (101.77 ± 10.59, 110.51 ± 8.37, respectively) increased significantly (P-Value<0.001) and in Times two and three (COVID-19 period) (110.51 ± 8.37, 107.06 ± 9.21, respectively) have decreased significantly (P-Value <0.007). The mean score of private self-awareness decreased significantly in times two and three (31.9±4.5, 27.67±5.17) ، (P-Value <0.001). The mean score of general self-awareness had no significant changes in time two and three (17.38±3.07, 15.61±3.55, respectively). The mean scores of social increased significantly during the COVID-19 period (11.83±6.42).
Conclusion: The results show that the score of sexual satisfaction, private and public self-awareness of women in the intervention group remained higher than the control group during the covid-19. This shows that the effect of self-awareness training has not completely disappeared.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Clinical competency is one of the performance indicators of nurses requiring the use ... more Background: Clinical competency is one of the performance indicators of nurses requiring the use of technical and communication skills, knowledge, clinical reasoning, emotions, and professional values at the bedside. The present study’s aim was to assess the clinical competency of nurses working at intensive care units (ICUs) and explore some of its associated factors in hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on ICU nurses working at the hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences in the northeast of Iran. A total of 160 eligible nurses were recruited using the simple random sampling method. The data were collected through the Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Competence Scale (ICCN-CS), which evaluates the 4 areas of knowledge, skill, attitudes and values, and work experience via 80 statements. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of 5%. Results: Most of the participants (69.2%) attained an excellent clinical competency score, and the overall level of clinical competency was excellent. Also, the highest level of competency belonged to the knowledge area (85.11 ± 82.63), and the lowest level was related to the field of skills (80.40± 17.19). Clinical competency showed a significant association with demographic features, including age (P<0.001), type of contract (P<0.001), work experience (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.001), and average overtime hours (P<0.003). Conclusion: Evaluation of nurses’ clinical competency can help improve the quality of care. It is suggested that health policymakers focus on upgrading the clinical competency of ICU nurses by improving their clinical skills.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Nursing organizations are an essential part of the nursing profession. The main missi... more Background: Nursing organizations are an essential part of the nursing profession. The main mission of nursing organizations is to establish new nursing roles based on changes in societal needs. This study conducted a situational analysis of the nursing organizations' life cycle and their effects on nursing role development in Iran. Methods: This study used a grounded theory methodology called situational analysis based on the Clack framework (2018). The sources of data collection included interviews, analysis of documents at Dr Madah Association and the National Library of Iran, statistics, government documents, international reports, and historical articles about nursing organizations, as well as reports on the role of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and registered nurses (RNs). Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 33 nurses. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Results: Researchers identified 7 trends that reflect the evolution of nursing organizations and the health care system, as well as the factors that influenced the development of nursing roles. The 7-step trends were marked with letters A to G. Each letter indicated a map of concepts related to the role of nursing. Conclusion: The process of developing the role of nurses in Iran, at the senior management level, struggles with the unbalanced distribution of budget in the health system. Therefore, nursing leaders need to foster their interaction and diplomacy to be able to strike a balance between the micro, middle, and macrostructures of nursing.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Swift diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients can avert unnecessary hospitalizati... more Background: Swift diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients can avert unnecessary hospitalizations. Emergency departments routinely assess patients using the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) method. This study compares the effects of two triage methods, cardiac triage, and ESI, on the admission time of acute coronary syndrome patients. Methods: This intervention study aimed to enhance the quality of therapeutic interventions through an intervention design featuring a control group. The research sample comprised all patients referred to the Sayad Shirazi Educational and Medical Center triage unit in Gorgan, Iran. All patients were randomly allocated into two groups: the control group (23 patients) and the intervention group (46 patients), utilizing a simple random allocation method. The control group underwent triage using the Emergency Severity Index, whereas the intervention group received cardiac triage. Triage forms and time-related indices were completed for both groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk, and the Mann-Whitney tests to compare these characteristics between the two groups, utilizing SPSS version 18. Results: Significant statistical differences were observed between the two groups in several aspects: the average time from the emergency department to the cardiac intensive care unit (p < 0.001), the average duration of presence of a cardiac specialist physician (p < 0.001), the average time from arrival to triage room exit (p < 0.001), and the average hospitalization time (p < 0.001). These time intervals were shorter in the cardiac triage group. Conclusion: Implementing specialized cardiac triage for cardiac patients plays a pivotal role in reducing response times. Cardiac triage can furnish the medical team with more comprehensive information, thereby improving the management of these patients in the emergency department.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Uterine fibroids (UFs) are a common gynecological problem among reproductive-age wome... more Background: Uterine fibroids (UFs) are a common gynecological problem among reproductive-age women and lead to poor quality of life (QOL). This research aimed to evaluate the effect of a supportive educational intervention on knowledge and QOL among women with UFs. Methods: This quasi-experimental study (1 group/pre- and posttest), including supportive education intervention, was performed at the outpatient clinic, Gynecological Department, Benha University Hospital. The samples consisted of 100 women diagnosed with UFs. Three tools were used for data collection: a structured interviewing questionnaire, women's knowledge regarding UFs, and health-related QOL (HRQOL) questionnaire. Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference in women’s knowledge of UFs before and after the intervention (P = 0.0001). In addition, women had a high level of QOL score after the intervention. Moreover, there was a highly positive association between total women's knowledge and QOL score (P = 0.0001). Based on the pre- and post-intervention results, the mean difference for the variables of “total score of severity symptoms” and “total HRQL score” was -6.25 and +12.38. Conclusion: Educational intervention has a positive effect on improving women's knowledge and enhancing QOL regarding UFs. It is suggested that an educational program should be incorporated as a nursing intervention to improve women's knowledge and QOL for those with UFs.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2023
Background: Hearing loss is a common condition during the aging process. Improving hearing loss t... more Background: Hearing loss is a common condition during the aging process. Improving hearing loss through hearing aids may impact satisfaction and the quality of life of elderly individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the association between Hearing Aid Use Satisfaction (HAUS) and the quality of life among the elderly with hearing loss in Gorgan, Iran. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation conducted in 2019 at the health insurance office in Gorgan, Iran. The study included elderly individuals aged over 60 who were fitted with hearing aids. Sixty subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were conveniently selected. The assessment tools included a demographics checklist, the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) scale, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 and involved the Chi-squared test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation coefficient. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered. Results: The participants' mean age was 76.85±8.16, falling within the age range of 75-89. The average satisfaction score for the use of the HAUS was 63.90±11.07. A significant statistical association was observed between HAUS and economic status (P=0.03), the type of hearing aid used (P=0.024), and the level of daily hearing aid usage (P=0.0001). With an increase in the number of hours of hearing aid use, the mean satisfaction score also showed an increase. The mean score for the quality of life among the elderly individuals was 32.77±2.02, and no correlation was observed between satisfaction with HA use and quality of life (r=0.068, P=0.511). Conclusion: The findings suggest that hearing aid devices can enhance the satisfaction and quality of life of elderly individuals, thereby increasing their engagement in daily activities.
Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 2021
Background: Due to advances in medicine and technology in recent years, the number of elderly has... more Background: Due to advances in medicine and technology in recent years, the number of elderly has increased substantially in most countries. As a result, addressing factors influencing the elderly population to improve their physical, psychological, and cognitive status is of great importance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived social support and physical activity with the mood, physical fitness, and cognitive status of elderly people. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2019 in Golestan province, Northeast of Iran. The sample consisted of 142 people over 60 years old (including 131 women and 11 men) who were selected using a random sampling method from Gorgan, Gonbad Kavous, Aliabad Katoul, and Azadshahr cities of Golestan province in 2019. Data was gathered using: Perceived Social Support Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Wechsler Memory Scale, Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaire, and Rikli and Jones' physical fitness test for the elderly. Data were analyzed in SPSS-22 and Spearman correlation coefficient used to study the cooperation between variables. Results: The finding showed that the mean age of participants was 66.56 years old and perceived social support had significant correlation with depression (r=-0.48, P<0.001) and memory (r=0.24, P=0.003). There was a significant correlation between physical activity and physical fitness (r=0.18, P=0.049), but no significant correlation were observed between physical activity with depression and memory. In addition, physical fitness had significant correlation with depression (r=0.27, P=0.001) and memory (r=0.27, P=0.001). Conclusion: Perceived social support and physical activity can be considered important factors for improving the moodcognitive-physical status of the elderly. Therefore, gerontologists, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists can improve the mood-cognitive-physical status of the elderly by improving social relationships and physical activity.
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Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021, involving 166 head nurses employed across 16 hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The sampling method employed was a census approach, encompassing the entire population of interest. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected using established instruments, including Robbins' Evaluation of the Conflict Resolution Questionnaire, Queendom's Interpersonal Communication Skills Test, and Bass and Avolio's leadership style Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests were utilized to analyze the collected data. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The findings revealed that the total score of communication skills, particularly the dimensions of emotional control and listening skills, exhibited a significant positive association with the overall score of conflict management and its three distinct strategies. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was observed between the ability to receive and send messages and the contingent leadership style (P-value = 0.043). Conversely, the orientation strategy demonstrated a negative impact on leadership quality, as it was found to diminish leadership quality across all dimensions for head nurses. Furthermore, the control strategy exhibited a significant negative correlation with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.037). Lastly, the overall score of conflict management displayed a significant negative association with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.031).
Conclusion: The assessment of head nurses' communication skills indicated an average proficiency level. The prevailing leadership style adopted by supervisors was charismatic, while the predominant conflict management strategy employed was non-confrontation. It is recommended that effective plans aimed at improving communication skills, fostering effective leadership, and enhancing conflict management be implemented within hospital departments to enhance the current situation. This can be achieved through organizing impactful training workshops and utilizing supportive and motivational mechanisms.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all infertile women who had visited the Omid Royan Fertility Center in Arak (Iran) in 2022. A sample of 40 infertile women undergoing infertility treatment was selected through convenience and voluntary sampling. These women were divided into 2 groups, an intervention group and a control group, each consisting of 20 participants, using a randomized block design. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group attended 10 SIP intervention sessions. Data were collected using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and the Adult Hope Scale (AHS). The collected data were analyzed using univariate ANCOVA with SPSS v. 16.
Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of hopes (pre-test: 20.02 ± 4.01, post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.02) and daily spiritual experiences (pre-test: 32.81 ± 5.24, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.01) in the participants of the 2 groups in the post-intervention phase. However, this difference was not significant for hope in the control group (pre-test: 12.02 ± 3.14; post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.52) and the DSES (pre-test: 32.61 ± 4.96, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.81).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that integrative fertility treatment can effectively blend psychosocial interventions with spiritual/religious treatments. Furthermore, SIP intervention can be considered a complementary, supportive, and ongoing treatment option for infertile couples.
Methods: Employing a grounded theory approach, this qualitative study was conducted in a cancer ward, involving 34 participants including nurses, patient companions, and hospital staff. Participants were purposefully selected for their involvement. Interactive interviews were conducted for data collection, and data analysis followed the approach proposed by Corbin and Strauss in 2015.
Results: The data analysis revealed the core category of "Striving to be with the patient", which encompassed the following axial categories: "Challenges of accompanying patients with diverse needs" (Context), "Striving to be with the patient" (Process), "Motivational factors driving the desire to be with the patient"(Mediating facilitator), "Difficulties encountered in maintaining patient presence"(Mediating inhibitor), and "Mixed feelings of satisfaction and sorrow accompanying the presence" (Outcome).
Conclusion: Nurses in oncology wards demonstrate tremendous dedication as they strive to maintain a delicate equilibrium between their own emotional well-being and the diverse needs of their patients. This task can be highly demanding, but through the implementation of customized strategies and drawing inspiration from personal sources, these nurses effectively navigate the emotional challenges associated with patient care.
Methods: The research was conducted with a mixed method using data from 2018. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to define the emergency nursing approach to trauma cases in the emergency department (ED). Data were collected through a retrospective review of medical records of trauma patients (N=2540) in the ED and focus group discussions with 10 emergency nurses. The data extracted from the medical records of ED trauma patients were compared in terms of compliance with the emergency nursing job descriptions specified in the Nursing Regulation (NR) and the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) emergency nursing guide. Quantitative data were reported using frequency and percentage, while content analysis was performed for qualitative data. Content analysis involved coding, identifying themes, and organizing data according to the codes and themes that were determined.
Results: The study revealed that ED nurses primarily assessed vital signs (81.5%) and consciousness (34.8%) and focused on activities related to the circulatory system (56%) in their nursing interventions. The research also indicated that the nurses' knowledge regarding the primary and secondary evaluation of emergency patients was insufficient. Although not currently a requirement in Türkiye, nurses expressed that obtaining emergency nursing education should be a prerequisite for working in the ED.
Conclusion: The study found that ED nurses in Türkiye lacked a systematic guideline for approaching trauma patients, and there was inadequate adherence to ENA guidelines in practice. Additionally, independent nursing interventions that enhance the influence, visibility, and autonomy of the nursing profession were not being implemented in the ED.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial employed a pretest-posttest design to assess COVID-19 patients experiencing olfactory dysfunction at the Babol Health Center in northern Iran. Patients were allocated to either the control or intervention group using closed envelopes. Both groups, consisting of 50 patients each, completed the Olfactory Disorders - Negative Statements (QOD-NS) questionnaire before the intervention. Over a six-week period, participants in the intervention group were exposed to Phenylethyl alcohol, Eucalyptus, Citronol, and Eugenol twice daily, rotating each scent for 20 seconds with ten-second breaks in between, while the control group received no intervention. Independent and paired t-tests were utilized to analyze the relationship between the groups before and after the intervention, with analysis conducted using SPSS 16. The significance level was set at less than 0.05.
Results: The mean score of olfactory disorder among patients before the intervention in both the intervention and control groups was 24.32 ± 6.60 and 22.85 ± 8.04, respectively, showing no significant difference (P = 0.33). However, following the intervention, the scores decreased to 19.60 ± 5.74 and 22.52 ± 7.39 in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference observed (P = 0.034).
Conclusion: Olfactory training demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing olfaction sense among patients with COVID-19 experiencing olfactory disorders. Consequently, it is recommended that nurses be trained to administer this program to COVID-19 patients with olfactory disorders upon discharge, facilitating their recovery process.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 346 midwives and 19 hospital managers in 9 hospitals in Isfahan (Iran) 2018 -2019. The sample was selected from the midwives using the census method and from the managers using the purposive method. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing demographic, managerial-organizational, and individual methods to improve the observance of midwives' rights. Findings were analyzed using descriptive/inferential statistics (T- test) in SPSS v. 18 software.
Results: Managerial-organizational and individual methods from the perspective of midwives and managers (total view) were not significantly different (P>0.05). The most important managerial-organizational method to improve the observance of midwives' rights included "increasing the level of awareness of midwifery staff about their rights and their recognition" with a mean and standard deviation (SD) of 4.32 ± 0.78, and one of the most important individual methods was to "improve work conscience" with a mean and SD of 4.35 ± 0.80.
Conclusion: Managerial-organizational and individual methods are important to increase the observance of midwives' rights in the hospital. In order to improve midwifery services and midwives' health, hospital managers must make the necessary efforts to increase the observance of midwives' rights by considering related factors.
Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was performed in the north of Iran in 2019. By simple randomization, 76 mothers with unplanned pregnancies were allocated to the intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group attended three sessions (90 minutes per session) of training based on interaction with the fetus in small groups. The control group only received routine care. Data collection instruments included a demographics checklist, London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy, and Cranley’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact test, t-test, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis.
Results: The mean difference of maternal-fetal attachment before and after training was 3.41±2.08 (P=0.112) in the intervention group and 3.96±2.17 (P=0.078) in the control group. However, the differences between and within groups were not significant. The differences in the subscales of attachment with the fetus were not also significant between the groups after the intervention. Although the post-intervention attachment score for unwanted pregnancy was lower than mistimed pregnancy in the intervention (mean difference: 14±3.61) and control groups (mean difference: 3.70±1.87), it was not significantly different based on the type of pregnancy between the groups.
Conclusion: Maternal-fetal attachment training did not boost interaction with the fetus in mothers with unplanned pregnancies; thus, deeper psychological interventions are needed.
The effectiveness of flipped classroom approaches in developing clinical skills among nursing students was evaluated through a systematic review.
Methods: A systematic review methodology was employed to identify relevant studies. From the period 2013 to 2023, seven databases, namely ScienceDirect, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Sage Journal, Taylor and Francis, and PubMed, were searched through search strategy and the use of Boolean operators. Articles were assessed based on criterion and appraised using standardized tools: Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for quasi-experimental research & ROBVIS RCT checklist for assessing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials. The authors employed the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines for data analysis PRISMA checklist in finally appraising articles included for review.
Results: Eight articles (quasi-experimental and RCTs) out of 17,374 reviewed were conducted in Egypt, the United States, Turkey, Spain, and Taiwan. The studies involved 733 nursing students, and the duration of the interventions ranged from 10 to 16 weeks. Studies showed an overall low risk of bias and flipped classrooms significantly improved nursing students' clinical skills. The specific clinical skills that were improved included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, urinary catheterization, and safe medication administration.
Conclusion: Flipped classroom approaches are a promising pedagogical method for enhancing the clinical skills of nursing students. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to identify the best practices for implementing flipped classroom approaches in nursing education.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2023 in a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 144 nurses working in the hospital. Data collection methods encompassed supervision questionnaires, Unified Motive Scales (UMS), and observation sheets used for recording nursing care activities. Data analysis involved the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Data analysis was performed with a significance level set at 0.05 and a CI of 95%, utilizing STATA 13.
Results: We found significant associations between nursing documentation and supervision techniques (p = 0.01), need for power (p = 0.001), and need for affiliation (p = 0.002). Notably, the need for power emerged as the most influential factor in nursing documentation (odds ratio [OR] = 8.46; 95% CI, 3.53-20.28).
Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of supervision techniques, power needs, and affiliated needs in the context of nursing documentation. The statistically significant associations between these factors emphasize their role in ensuring accurate and comprehensive record-keeping within health care settings. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial influence of the need for power, with a high OR, suggesting that addressing power dynamics may be an essential strategy for improving nursing care documentation practices.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at 2 schools for blind females in Egypt in 2022. The sample consisted of 40 blind female students who were selected randomly. The WaLIDD (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea) scale was used to assess the degree of dysmenorrhea, while the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to evaluate their physical and mental well-being. The intervention program involved audio education sessions designed to improve their health, education, and skills, as well as reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea. These audio education sessions took place twice a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes for a duration of 3 months. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and paired sample t tests at a significance level of α = 0.05.
Results: The average age of the participants was 15.5 ± 1.91 years. The findings showed that the implementation of the audio-educational intervention led to a significant reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms, significant increase in general knowledge, and significant improvements in the physical and mental health of the participants (P < 0.001). Listening training was a positive and significant predictor for the health status of blind female students (ß = 0.614; P = 0.028), while the severity of dysmenorrhea was a significant negative predictor for their health status (ß = -0.046; P = 0.05).
Conclusion: The use of audio-educational measures is an effective strategy for increasing knowledge, practice, and health status while reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea among blind female students. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses educate blind teenage girls about menstruation and standard menstrual care to reduce dysmenorrhea and enhance their overall health. Additionally, dysmenorrhea and its management strategies should be included in school curricula for females.
Methods: This was a methodological and cross-sectional study. A total of 414 adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 in the Iranian Association of Neurofibromatosis were selected via convenience sampling. With the permission of the questionnaire's developer, the English version was translated into Persian using the standard back-translation procedure. Validity was assessed using face validity, content validity, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman's correlation, respectively.
Results: The participants' mean age was 34.48±8.3 years. The 31-item questionnaire was translated into Persian, and based on content validity analysis, 2 items were removed. The adequacy of the sample size was acceptable (KMO = 0.940). Exploratory factor analysis revealed 4 factors. The scale had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.95), and the intraclass coefficient was 0.91. The total mean quality of life score was 93±25.18.
Conclusions: The finding showed that the Persian version of the questionnaire has good structural characteristics and is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with neurofibromatosis 1.
Methods: The methodology was a mixed method, including 1) exploration of the current situation through qualitative method, 2) development of a training program, and 3) implementation and evaluation of the program developed through a quasi-experimental method from February to June 2020 in Ta-Muang Subdistrict, Selaphum District, Roi Et Province, Thailand. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, Thai version of the brief form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI), and Srithanya Stress Test (ST-5) questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentages, means, SDs, and paired t tests, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The qualitative method showed 4 major themes, including 1) lack of caregivers, 2) lack of knowledge, 3) loneliness and stress, and 4) under the poverty line. The training program involved 6 activities: 1) providing knowledge in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 2) demonstrating and practicing in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 3) caring for older adults with love and care, 4) providing hygiene care to older adults, 5) promoting self-worth and self-confidence in youth, and 6) enhancing community participation. The quantitative method showed after the implementation of this training program. Findings showed that quality of life had higher mean scores, and stress had lower mean scores compared to the prior implementation.
Conclusion: This training program could promote bonding among youth and homebound and bedridden older adults through peer support from health volunteers.
Methods: Descriptive-analytical research was conducted on 60 reproductive age women who participated in an intervention study before Corona (2017). The Persian self-awareness and sexual satisfaction tools of the first study were provided online to the participants. Data analysis was done through spss-16 and Shapiro-Wilk, Machelli, repeated analysis of variance, Bonferroni, Tukey with a confidence factor of 0.95.
Results: In the intervention group; the mean score of sexual satisfaction at times one (before the intervention in the first study) and two (after the intervention in the first study) (101.77 ± 10.59, 110.51 ± 8.37, respectively) increased significantly (P-Value<0.001) and in Times two and three (COVID-19 period) (110.51 ± 8.37, 107.06 ± 9.21, respectively) have decreased significantly (P-Value <0.007). The mean score of private self-awareness decreased significantly in times two and three (31.9±4.5, 27.67±5.17) ، (P-Value <0.001). The mean score of general self-awareness had no significant changes in time two and three (17.38±3.07, 15.61±3.55, respectively). The mean scores of social increased significantly during the COVID-19 period (11.83±6.42).
Conclusion: The results show that the score of sexual satisfaction, private and public self-awareness of women in the intervention group remained higher than the control group during the covid-19. This shows that the effect of self-awareness training has not completely disappeared.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on ICU nurses working at the hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences in the northeast of Iran. A total of 160 eligible nurses were recruited using the simple random sampling method. The data were collected through the Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Competence Scale (ICCN-CS), which evaluates the 4 areas of knowledge, skill, attitudes and values, and work experience via 80 statements. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of 5%.
Results: Most of the participants (69.2%) attained an excellent clinical competency score, and the overall level of clinical competency was excellent. Also, the highest level of competency belonged to the knowledge area (85.11 ± 82.63), and the lowest level was related to the field of skills (80.40± 17.19). Clinical competency showed a significant association with demographic features, including age (P<0.001), type of contract (P<0.001), work experience (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.001), and average overtime hours (P<0.003).
Conclusion: Evaluation of nurses’ clinical competency can help improve the quality of care. It is suggested that health policymakers focus on upgrading the clinical competency of ICU nurses by improving their clinical skills.
Methods: This study used a grounded theory methodology called situational analysis based on the Clack framework (2018). The sources of data collection included interviews, analysis of documents at Dr Madah Association and the National Library of Iran, statistics, government documents, international reports, and historical articles about nursing organizations, as well as reports on the role of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and registered nurses (RNs). Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 33 nurses. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached.
Results: Researchers identified 7 trends that reflect the evolution of nursing organizations and the health care system, as well as the factors that influenced the development of nursing roles. The 7-step trends were marked with letters A to G. Each letter indicated a map of concepts related to the role of nursing.
Conclusion: The process of developing the role of nurses in Iran, at the senior management level, struggles with the unbalanced distribution of budget in the health system. Therefore, nursing leaders need to foster their interaction and diplomacy to be able to strike a balance between the micro, middle, and macrostructures of nursing.
Methods: This intervention study aimed to enhance the quality of therapeutic interventions through an intervention design featuring a control group. The research sample comprised all patients referred to the Sayad Shirazi Educational and Medical Center triage unit in Gorgan, Iran. All patients were randomly allocated into two groups: the control group (23 patients) and the intervention group (46 patients), utilizing a simple random allocation method. The control group underwent triage using the Emergency Severity Index, whereas the intervention group received cardiac triage. Triage forms and time-related indices were completed for both groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk, and the Mann-Whitney tests to compare these characteristics between the two groups, utilizing SPSS version 18.
Results: Significant statistical differences were observed between the two groups in several aspects: the average time from the emergency department to the cardiac intensive care unit (p < 0.001), the average duration of presence of a cardiac specialist physician (p < 0.001), the average time from arrival to triage room exit (p < 0.001), and the average hospitalization time (p < 0.001). These time intervals were shorter in the cardiac triage group.
Conclusion: Implementing specialized cardiac triage for cardiac patients plays a pivotal role in reducing response times. Cardiac triage can furnish the medical team with more comprehensive information, thereby improving the management of these patients in the emergency department.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study (1 group/pre- and posttest), including supportive education intervention, was performed at the outpatient clinic, Gynecological Department, Benha University Hospital. The samples consisted of 100 women diagnosed with UFs. Three tools were used for data collection: a structured interviewing questionnaire, women's knowledge regarding UFs, and health-related QOL (HRQOL) questionnaire.
Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference in women’s knowledge of UFs before and after the intervention (P = 0.0001). In addition, women had a high level of QOL score after the intervention. Moreover, there was a highly positive association between total women's knowledge and QOL score (P = 0.0001). Based on the pre- and post-intervention results, the mean difference for the variables of “total score of severity symptoms” and “total HRQL score” was -6.25 and +12.38.
Conclusion: Educational intervention has a positive effect on improving women's knowledge and enhancing QOL regarding UFs. It is suggested that an educational program should be incorporated as a nursing intervention to improve women's knowledge and QOL for those with UFs.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation conducted in 2019 at the health insurance office in Gorgan, Iran. The study included elderly individuals aged over 60 who were fitted with hearing aids. Sixty subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were conveniently selected. The assessment tools included a demographics checklist, the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) scale, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 and involved the Chi-squared test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation coefficient. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered.
Results: The participants' mean age was 76.85±8.16, falling within the age range of 75-89. The average satisfaction score for the use of the HAUS was 63.90±11.07. A significant statistical association was observed between HAUS and economic status (P=0.03), the type of hearing aid used (P=0.024), and the level of daily hearing aid usage (P=0.0001). With an increase in the number of hours of hearing aid use, the mean satisfaction score also showed an increase. The mean score for the quality of life among the elderly individuals was 32.77±2.02, and no correlation was observed between satisfaction with HA use and quality of life (r=0.068, P=0.511).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that hearing aid devices can enhance the satisfaction and quality of life of elderly individuals, thereby increasing their engagement in daily activities.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021, involving 166 head nurses employed across 16 hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The sampling method employed was a census approach, encompassing the entire population of interest. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected using established instruments, including Robbins' Evaluation of the Conflict Resolution Questionnaire, Queendom's Interpersonal Communication Skills Test, and Bass and Avolio's leadership style Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests were utilized to analyze the collected data. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The findings revealed that the total score of communication skills, particularly the dimensions of emotional control and listening skills, exhibited a significant positive association with the overall score of conflict management and its three distinct strategies. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was observed between the ability to receive and send messages and the contingent leadership style (P-value = 0.043). Conversely, the orientation strategy demonstrated a negative impact on leadership quality, as it was found to diminish leadership quality across all dimensions for head nurses. Furthermore, the control strategy exhibited a significant negative correlation with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.037). Lastly, the overall score of conflict management displayed a significant negative association with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.031).
Conclusion: The assessment of head nurses' communication skills indicated an average proficiency level. The prevailing leadership style adopted by supervisors was charismatic, while the predominant conflict management strategy employed was non-confrontation. It is recommended that effective plans aimed at improving communication skills, fostering effective leadership, and enhancing conflict management be implemented within hospital departments to enhance the current situation. This can be achieved through organizing impactful training workshops and utilizing supportive and motivational mechanisms.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all infertile women who had visited the Omid Royan Fertility Center in Arak (Iran) in 2022. A sample of 40 infertile women undergoing infertility treatment was selected through convenience and voluntary sampling. These women were divided into 2 groups, an intervention group and a control group, each consisting of 20 participants, using a randomized block design. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group attended 10 SIP intervention sessions. Data were collected using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and the Adult Hope Scale (AHS). The collected data were analyzed using univariate ANCOVA with SPSS v. 16.
Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of hopes (pre-test: 20.02 ± 4.01, post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.02) and daily spiritual experiences (pre-test: 32.81 ± 5.24, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.01) in the participants of the 2 groups in the post-intervention phase. However, this difference was not significant for hope in the control group (pre-test: 12.02 ± 3.14; post-test: 11.59 ± 2.81; P = 0.52) and the DSES (pre-test: 32.61 ± 4.96, post-test: 33.07 ± 5.01; P = 0.81).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that integrative fertility treatment can effectively blend psychosocial interventions with spiritual/religious treatments. Furthermore, SIP intervention can be considered a complementary, supportive, and ongoing treatment option for infertile couples.
Methods: Employing a grounded theory approach, this qualitative study was conducted in a cancer ward, involving 34 participants including nurses, patient companions, and hospital staff. Participants were purposefully selected for their involvement. Interactive interviews were conducted for data collection, and data analysis followed the approach proposed by Corbin and Strauss in 2015.
Results: The data analysis revealed the core category of "Striving to be with the patient", which encompassed the following axial categories: "Challenges of accompanying patients with diverse needs" (Context), "Striving to be with the patient" (Process), "Motivational factors driving the desire to be with the patient"(Mediating facilitator), "Difficulties encountered in maintaining patient presence"(Mediating inhibitor), and "Mixed feelings of satisfaction and sorrow accompanying the presence" (Outcome).
Conclusion: Nurses in oncology wards demonstrate tremendous dedication as they strive to maintain a delicate equilibrium between their own emotional well-being and the diverse needs of their patients. This task can be highly demanding, but through the implementation of customized strategies and drawing inspiration from personal sources, these nurses effectively navigate the emotional challenges associated with patient care.
Methods: The research was conducted with a mixed method using data from 2018. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to define the emergency nursing approach to trauma cases in the emergency department (ED). Data were collected through a retrospective review of medical records of trauma patients (N=2540) in the ED and focus group discussions with 10 emergency nurses. The data extracted from the medical records of ED trauma patients were compared in terms of compliance with the emergency nursing job descriptions specified in the Nursing Regulation (NR) and the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) emergency nursing guide. Quantitative data were reported using frequency and percentage, while content analysis was performed for qualitative data. Content analysis involved coding, identifying themes, and organizing data according to the codes and themes that were determined.
Results: The study revealed that ED nurses primarily assessed vital signs (81.5%) and consciousness (34.8%) and focused on activities related to the circulatory system (56%) in their nursing interventions. The research also indicated that the nurses' knowledge regarding the primary and secondary evaluation of emergency patients was insufficient. Although not currently a requirement in Türkiye, nurses expressed that obtaining emergency nursing education should be a prerequisite for working in the ED.
Conclusion: The study found that ED nurses in Türkiye lacked a systematic guideline for approaching trauma patients, and there was inadequate adherence to ENA guidelines in practice. Additionally, independent nursing interventions that enhance the influence, visibility, and autonomy of the nursing profession were not being implemented in the ED.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial employed a pretest-posttest design to assess COVID-19 patients experiencing olfactory dysfunction at the Babol Health Center in northern Iran. Patients were allocated to either the control or intervention group using closed envelopes. Both groups, consisting of 50 patients each, completed the Olfactory Disorders - Negative Statements (QOD-NS) questionnaire before the intervention. Over a six-week period, participants in the intervention group were exposed to Phenylethyl alcohol, Eucalyptus, Citronol, and Eugenol twice daily, rotating each scent for 20 seconds with ten-second breaks in between, while the control group received no intervention. Independent and paired t-tests were utilized to analyze the relationship between the groups before and after the intervention, with analysis conducted using SPSS 16. The significance level was set at less than 0.05.
Results: The mean score of olfactory disorder among patients before the intervention in both the intervention and control groups was 24.32 ± 6.60 and 22.85 ± 8.04, respectively, showing no significant difference (P = 0.33). However, following the intervention, the scores decreased to 19.60 ± 5.74 and 22.52 ± 7.39 in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference observed (P = 0.034).
Conclusion: Olfactory training demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing olfaction sense among patients with COVID-19 experiencing olfactory disorders. Consequently, it is recommended that nurses be trained to administer this program to COVID-19 patients with olfactory disorders upon discharge, facilitating their recovery process.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 346 midwives and 19 hospital managers in 9 hospitals in Isfahan (Iran) 2018 -2019. The sample was selected from the midwives using the census method and from the managers using the purposive method. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing demographic, managerial-organizational, and individual methods to improve the observance of midwives' rights. Findings were analyzed using descriptive/inferential statistics (T- test) in SPSS v. 18 software.
Results: Managerial-organizational and individual methods from the perspective of midwives and managers (total view) were not significantly different (P>0.05). The most important managerial-organizational method to improve the observance of midwives' rights included "increasing the level of awareness of midwifery staff about their rights and their recognition" with a mean and standard deviation (SD) of 4.32 ± 0.78, and one of the most important individual methods was to "improve work conscience" with a mean and SD of 4.35 ± 0.80.
Conclusion: Managerial-organizational and individual methods are important to increase the observance of midwives' rights in the hospital. In order to improve midwifery services and midwives' health, hospital managers must make the necessary efforts to increase the observance of midwives' rights by considering related factors.
Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was performed in the north of Iran in 2019. By simple randomization, 76 mothers with unplanned pregnancies were allocated to the intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group attended three sessions (90 minutes per session) of training based on interaction with the fetus in small groups. The control group only received routine care. Data collection instruments included a demographics checklist, London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy, and Cranley’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact test, t-test, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis.
Results: The mean difference of maternal-fetal attachment before and after training was 3.41±2.08 (P=0.112) in the intervention group and 3.96±2.17 (P=0.078) in the control group. However, the differences between and within groups were not significant. The differences in the subscales of attachment with the fetus were not also significant between the groups after the intervention. Although the post-intervention attachment score for unwanted pregnancy was lower than mistimed pregnancy in the intervention (mean difference: 14±3.61) and control groups (mean difference: 3.70±1.87), it was not significantly different based on the type of pregnancy between the groups.
Conclusion: Maternal-fetal attachment training did not boost interaction with the fetus in mothers with unplanned pregnancies; thus, deeper psychological interventions are needed.
The effectiveness of flipped classroom approaches in developing clinical skills among nursing students was evaluated through a systematic review.
Methods: A systematic review methodology was employed to identify relevant studies. From the period 2013 to 2023, seven databases, namely ScienceDirect, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Sage Journal, Taylor and Francis, and PubMed, were searched through search strategy and the use of Boolean operators. Articles were assessed based on criterion and appraised using standardized tools: Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for quasi-experimental research & ROBVIS RCT checklist for assessing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials. The authors employed the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines for data analysis PRISMA checklist in finally appraising articles included for review.
Results: Eight articles (quasi-experimental and RCTs) out of 17,374 reviewed were conducted in Egypt, the United States, Turkey, Spain, and Taiwan. The studies involved 733 nursing students, and the duration of the interventions ranged from 10 to 16 weeks. Studies showed an overall low risk of bias and flipped classrooms significantly improved nursing students' clinical skills. The specific clinical skills that were improved included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, urinary catheterization, and safe medication administration.
Conclusion: Flipped classroom approaches are a promising pedagogical method for enhancing the clinical skills of nursing students. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to identify the best practices for implementing flipped classroom approaches in nursing education.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2023 in a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 144 nurses working in the hospital. Data collection methods encompassed supervision questionnaires, Unified Motive Scales (UMS), and observation sheets used for recording nursing care activities. Data analysis involved the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Data analysis was performed with a significance level set at 0.05 and a CI of 95%, utilizing STATA 13.
Results: We found significant associations between nursing documentation and supervision techniques (p = 0.01), need for power (p = 0.001), and need for affiliation (p = 0.002). Notably, the need for power emerged as the most influential factor in nursing documentation (odds ratio [OR] = 8.46; 95% CI, 3.53-20.28).
Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of supervision techniques, power needs, and affiliated needs in the context of nursing documentation. The statistically significant associations between these factors emphasize their role in ensuring accurate and comprehensive record-keeping within health care settings. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial influence of the need for power, with a high OR, suggesting that addressing power dynamics may be an essential strategy for improving nursing care documentation practices.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at 2 schools for blind females in Egypt in 2022. The sample consisted of 40 blind female students who were selected randomly. The WaLIDD (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea) scale was used to assess the degree of dysmenorrhea, while the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to evaluate their physical and mental well-being. The intervention program involved audio education sessions designed to improve their health, education, and skills, as well as reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea. These audio education sessions took place twice a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes for a duration of 3 months. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and paired sample t tests at a significance level of α = 0.05.
Results: The average age of the participants was 15.5 ± 1.91 years. The findings showed that the implementation of the audio-educational intervention led to a significant reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms, significant increase in general knowledge, and significant improvements in the physical and mental health of the participants (P < 0.001). Listening training was a positive and significant predictor for the health status of blind female students (ß = 0.614; P = 0.028), while the severity of dysmenorrhea was a significant negative predictor for their health status (ß = -0.046; P = 0.05).
Conclusion: The use of audio-educational measures is an effective strategy for increasing knowledge, practice, and health status while reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea among blind female students. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses educate blind teenage girls about menstruation and standard menstrual care to reduce dysmenorrhea and enhance their overall health. Additionally, dysmenorrhea and its management strategies should be included in school curricula for females.
Methods: This was a methodological and cross-sectional study. A total of 414 adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 in the Iranian Association of Neurofibromatosis were selected via convenience sampling. With the permission of the questionnaire's developer, the English version was translated into Persian using the standard back-translation procedure. Validity was assessed using face validity, content validity, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman's correlation, respectively.
Results: The participants' mean age was 34.48±8.3 years. The 31-item questionnaire was translated into Persian, and based on content validity analysis, 2 items were removed. The adequacy of the sample size was acceptable (KMO = 0.940). Exploratory factor analysis revealed 4 factors. The scale had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.95), and the intraclass coefficient was 0.91. The total mean quality of life score was 93±25.18.
Conclusions: The finding showed that the Persian version of the questionnaire has good structural characteristics and is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with neurofibromatosis 1.
Methods: The methodology was a mixed method, including 1) exploration of the current situation through qualitative method, 2) development of a training program, and 3) implementation and evaluation of the program developed through a quasi-experimental method from February to June 2020 in Ta-Muang Subdistrict, Selaphum District, Roi Et Province, Thailand. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, Thai version of the brief form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI), and Srithanya Stress Test (ST-5) questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentages, means, SDs, and paired t tests, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The qualitative method showed 4 major themes, including 1) lack of caregivers, 2) lack of knowledge, 3) loneliness and stress, and 4) under the poverty line. The training program involved 6 activities: 1) providing knowledge in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 2) demonstrating and practicing in caring for older adults to educate and support youth, 3) caring for older adults with love and care, 4) providing hygiene care to older adults, 5) promoting self-worth and self-confidence in youth, and 6) enhancing community participation. The quantitative method showed after the implementation of this training program. Findings showed that quality of life had higher mean scores, and stress had lower mean scores compared to the prior implementation.
Conclusion: This training program could promote bonding among youth and homebound and bedridden older adults through peer support from health volunteers.
Methods: Descriptive-analytical research was conducted on 60 reproductive age women who participated in an intervention study before Corona (2017). The Persian self-awareness and sexual satisfaction tools of the first study were provided online to the participants. Data analysis was done through spss-16 and Shapiro-Wilk, Machelli, repeated analysis of variance, Bonferroni, Tukey with a confidence factor of 0.95.
Results: In the intervention group; the mean score of sexual satisfaction at times one (before the intervention in the first study) and two (after the intervention in the first study) (101.77 ± 10.59, 110.51 ± 8.37, respectively) increased significantly (P-Value<0.001) and in Times two and three (COVID-19 period) (110.51 ± 8.37, 107.06 ± 9.21, respectively) have decreased significantly (P-Value <0.007). The mean score of private self-awareness decreased significantly in times two and three (31.9±4.5, 27.67±5.17) ، (P-Value <0.001). The mean score of general self-awareness had no significant changes in time two and three (17.38±3.07, 15.61±3.55, respectively). The mean scores of social increased significantly during the COVID-19 period (11.83±6.42).
Conclusion: The results show that the score of sexual satisfaction, private and public self-awareness of women in the intervention group remained higher than the control group during the covid-19. This shows that the effect of self-awareness training has not completely disappeared.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on ICU nurses working at the hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences in the northeast of Iran. A total of 160 eligible nurses were recruited using the simple random sampling method. The data were collected through the Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Competence Scale (ICCN-CS), which evaluates the 4 areas of knowledge, skill, attitudes and values, and work experience via 80 statements. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of 5%.
Results: Most of the participants (69.2%) attained an excellent clinical competency score, and the overall level of clinical competency was excellent. Also, the highest level of competency belonged to the knowledge area (85.11 ± 82.63), and the lowest level was related to the field of skills (80.40± 17.19). Clinical competency showed a significant association with demographic features, including age (P<0.001), type of contract (P<0.001), work experience (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.001), and average overtime hours (P<0.003).
Conclusion: Evaluation of nurses’ clinical competency can help improve the quality of care. It is suggested that health policymakers focus on upgrading the clinical competency of ICU nurses by improving their clinical skills.
Methods: This study used a grounded theory methodology called situational analysis based on the Clack framework (2018). The sources of data collection included interviews, analysis of documents at Dr Madah Association and the National Library of Iran, statistics, government documents, international reports, and historical articles about nursing organizations, as well as reports on the role of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and registered nurses (RNs). Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 33 nurses. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached.
Results: Researchers identified 7 trends that reflect the evolution of nursing organizations and the health care system, as well as the factors that influenced the development of nursing roles. The 7-step trends were marked with letters A to G. Each letter indicated a map of concepts related to the role of nursing.
Conclusion: The process of developing the role of nurses in Iran, at the senior management level, struggles with the unbalanced distribution of budget in the health system. Therefore, nursing leaders need to foster their interaction and diplomacy to be able to strike a balance between the micro, middle, and macrostructures of nursing.
Methods: This intervention study aimed to enhance the quality of therapeutic interventions through an intervention design featuring a control group. The research sample comprised all patients referred to the Sayad Shirazi Educational and Medical Center triage unit in Gorgan, Iran. All patients were randomly allocated into two groups: the control group (23 patients) and the intervention group (46 patients), utilizing a simple random allocation method. The control group underwent triage using the Emergency Severity Index, whereas the intervention group received cardiac triage. Triage forms and time-related indices were completed for both groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk, and the Mann-Whitney tests to compare these characteristics between the two groups, utilizing SPSS version 18.
Results: Significant statistical differences were observed between the two groups in several aspects: the average time from the emergency department to the cardiac intensive care unit (p < 0.001), the average duration of presence of a cardiac specialist physician (p < 0.001), the average time from arrival to triage room exit (p < 0.001), and the average hospitalization time (p < 0.001). These time intervals were shorter in the cardiac triage group.
Conclusion: Implementing specialized cardiac triage for cardiac patients plays a pivotal role in reducing response times. Cardiac triage can furnish the medical team with more comprehensive information, thereby improving the management of these patients in the emergency department.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study (1 group/pre- and posttest), including supportive education intervention, was performed at the outpatient clinic, Gynecological Department, Benha University Hospital. The samples consisted of 100 women diagnosed with UFs. Three tools were used for data collection: a structured interviewing questionnaire, women's knowledge regarding UFs, and health-related QOL (HRQOL) questionnaire.
Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference in women’s knowledge of UFs before and after the intervention (P = 0.0001). In addition, women had a high level of QOL score after the intervention. Moreover, there was a highly positive association between total women's knowledge and QOL score (P = 0.0001). Based on the pre- and post-intervention results, the mean difference for the variables of “total score of severity symptoms” and “total HRQL score” was -6.25 and +12.38.
Conclusion: Educational intervention has a positive effect on improving women's knowledge and enhancing QOL regarding UFs. It is suggested that an educational program should be incorporated as a nursing intervention to improve women's knowledge and QOL for those with UFs.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation conducted in 2019 at the health insurance office in Gorgan, Iran. The study included elderly individuals aged over 60 who were fitted with hearing aids. Sixty subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were conveniently selected. The assessment tools included a demographics checklist, the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) scale, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 and involved the Chi-squared test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation coefficient. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered.
Results: The participants' mean age was 76.85±8.16, falling within the age range of 75-89. The average satisfaction score for the use of the HAUS was 63.90±11.07. A significant statistical association was observed between HAUS and economic status (P=0.03), the type of hearing aid used (P=0.024), and the level of daily hearing aid usage (P=0.0001). With an increase in the number of hours of hearing aid use, the mean satisfaction score also showed an increase. The mean score for the quality of life among the elderly individuals was 32.77±2.02, and no correlation was observed between satisfaction with HA use and quality of life (r=0.068, P=0.511).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that hearing aid devices can enhance the satisfaction and quality of life of elderly individuals, thereby increasing their engagement in daily activities.