2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2017
Conventional RCC uses Type-I compensator or Integrator which cannot track the Maximum Power Point... more Conventional RCC uses Type-I compensator or Integrator which cannot track the Maximum Power Point (MPP) for all the operating condition without Adaptive Gain Tuning. The Type-II compensator based closed loop control scheme of the proposed MPPT makes it robust against all types of disturbances, panel and plant parameter variations. The RCC technique is very simple to implement and the total MPPT controller can be easily implemented using analog circuitry only. However, the challenge lies in designing the compensator as the RCC technique, along with PV panel, exhibits highly non-linear dynamics. Conventional Bode plot technique is used for designing the compensator where the plant parameters (Gain and Phase) are obtained by perturbing the panel operation around the MPP at crossover frequency. This paper proposes a compensator based implementation of Dynamic Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for rapidly changing irradiation and load variation using Ripple Correlation Control (RCC) technique. The proposed control scheme has a very fast convergence and is very prompt in tracking irradiance variation and load disturbance rejection. The efficacy of the proposed MPPT and the compensator are verified by simulation.
— This paper proposes a utility supply driven single stage PFC based LED driver using Cúk convert... more — This paper proposes a utility supply driven single stage PFC based LED driver using Cúk converter. For low DC voltage output requirement of LED driver, Cúk converter is a convenient choice due to its topological suitability for PFC application and stepping the voltage down at a desired level unlike the Boost Converter. A hysteresis current control scheme is adopted to operate the converter in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and fast enough to follow the current reference causing power factor to approach near unity. Although the converter operates at variable switching frequency, the response is very fast and independent of the converter dynamics. At the same time the converter ensures a constant current drive at the output side to operate the LED. Theoretical analysis, design calculation and simulation results confirm that the proposed single stage control scheme operates with an improved THD and performs better compared to the commercially available controller because the same converter is used for both PFC and LED Driver. As it diminishes one stage of power conversion, the efficiency of the driver is increased whereas the complexity in controller design and implementation is decreased.
—An improved algorithm for MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) and Field Weakening operation which i... more —An improved algorithm for MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) and Field Weakening operation which is suitable for implementation with Field Oriented Control, has been proposed for the Synchronous Reluctance motor (SynRel) for high dynamic performance. The proposed method overcomes the problem of excessive current flow into the machine while generating the d-axis and q-axis current commands independently. At the same time to operate the inverter in the linear modulation region (0≤m≤1) to minimize the output torque ripple. The proposed method helps to attain MTPA operation below the base speed to operate with the rated load and a fast speed response in Field Weakening mode. The validity and efficacy of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation in MATLAB and SIMULINK.
A self-design anemometer can provide accurate reading compared to any other anemometer which is f... more A self-design anemometer can provide accurate reading compared to any other anemometer which is found in market. Any adjustable speed drive uses an incremental shaft encoder or a sensor and an electronic circuit for rpm as well as wind velocity estimation. The method of counting pulses generated by a sensor in a period of time produces a high precision velocity or rpm estimate in the high speed range. The purpose of the project is to measure wind speed with a self-design low cost anemometer in between campus-4 and 5 of American
International University-Bangladesh located in Banani, Dhaka at
23.794503°N 90.406175°E and 23.794278°N 90.405611°E where
natural wind is available and it is possible to make small scale power generation. This anemometer is able to measure the wind velocity and provide voltages which are linearly proportional. Besides efforts have been taken to reduce the cost of anemometer as much as possible.
A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several... more A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several existing well established MPPT algorithms, the open voltage (OV) based algorithm is chosen to design the proposed MPPT circuit developed in this paper. The designed circuit is simple and easy to implement yet moderately efficient in MPP tracking. Due to its simplicity it can be very easily integrated with a PV module which would serve the purpose of battery charge controller and no separate charge controller would be needed. The efficiency of the MPPT circuit is more than 95% and the system, with the buck converter, is 86% efficient.
The electrical characteristics of a 60W, 12V PV panel is presented on this paper for geographical... more The electrical characteristics of a 60W, 12V PV panel is presented on this paper for geographical location of Latitude = 23° 43'N and Longitude = 90°25'E (Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh). The open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the panel are measured and recorded at an interval of three minutes along with the total solar irradiation. The total solar irradiation is measured using the device “UNIKLIMA VARIO” commissioned in the automatic weather monitoring station of the university. Based on the weekly data voltage-times and current-time curves are plotted for three different seasons from which the total available electrical power curve is also derived. Then the electrical efficiency of the panel is calculated using the solar irradiation data. The objective is to observe the variation of efficiency for different weather and atmospheric condition. The voltage generated by a PV panel depends on the geographical location of the site, time of the year, time of the day and local weather condition. The geographical and climatic condition of the chosen site is suitable for PV power systems. The electrical design of the array is influenced by the factors such as- sun intensity, sun angle, load matching for maximum power and operating temperature of the panel. Based on the experiments it has been observed that with increased radiation, the panel current is increased linearly. With a constant irradiation, the output voltage of the panel is increased for a decrease in the panel temperature or vice-versa. Finally the efficiency curve for the three different seasons is plotted and according to the observed data a comparison is carried on based on different factors affecting the efficiency of the panel. The total energy output in kWh is also calculated using the power curve of the panel for three different seasonal variations.
To meet the ever increasing electricity demand in the urban area, roof-top solar PV offers a feas... more To meet the ever increasing electricity demand in the urban area, roof-top solar PV offers a feasible and alternative solution along with conventional power supply from the electricity grid. Geographic Information Systems can be used as a significantly useful tool for potential rooftop distribution mapping. This paper aims at mapping potential roof-top area available in Dhaka city and evaluating the possible electricity supply from such installations. In this work, ArcGIS software has been used to compile and analyze the geographic data for potential bright roof-top area whereas HOMER has been used to model the energy system and to investigate the energy share from the roof-top PV installations. This type of study will encourage the entrepreneurship in the field of rooftop solar home system in the urban areas of a country.
Pumps can be operated as turbines to generate electricity by changing the mode of its operation a... more Pumps can be operated as turbines to generate electricity by changing the mode of its operation and reversing the direction of power flow. Since the pump manufacturers usually do not provide datasheet showing the pump's characteristics and performance when operating as turbines, problem arises as to understand how the pump behaves in the turbine mode or reverse running mode. To resolve the problem scientists have developed different mathematical models to find the pump behavior in the turbine mode and its characteristics. In this paper, the BEP (best efficiency point) of a pump operated as turbine (PAT) turbine is mathematically determined using two different methods with the help of the experimentally obtained general pump characteristics data. The BEP is then used to determine the amount of hydraulic power and hence in turn the amount of electrical power that can be generated when an induction machine (operated in generator mode) is coupled to the pump. Also a suitable site is assumed to determine the operating points or range of the PAT using the conventional mathematical models available in many literatures of fluid mechanics.
A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several... more A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several existing well established MPPT algorithms, the open voltage (OV) based algorithm is chosen to design the proposed MPPT circuit developed in this paper. The designed circuit is simple and easy to implement yet moderately efficient in MPP tracking. Due to its simplicity it can be very easily integrated with a PV module which would serve the purpose of battery charge controller and no separate charge controller would be needed. The efficiency of the MPPT circuit is more than 95% and the system, with the buck converter, is 86% efficient.
2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2017
Conventional RCC uses Type-I compensator or Integrator which cannot track the Maximum Power Point... more Conventional RCC uses Type-I compensator or Integrator which cannot track the Maximum Power Point (MPP) for all the operating condition without Adaptive Gain Tuning. The Type-II compensator based closed loop control scheme of the proposed MPPT makes it robust against all types of disturbances, panel and plant parameter variations. The RCC technique is very simple to implement and the total MPPT controller can be easily implemented using analog circuitry only. However, the challenge lies in designing the compensator as the RCC technique, along with PV panel, exhibits highly non-linear dynamics. Conventional Bode plot technique is used for designing the compensator where the plant parameters (Gain and Phase) are obtained by perturbing the panel operation around the MPP at crossover frequency. This paper proposes a compensator based implementation of Dynamic Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for rapidly changing irradiation and load variation using Ripple Correlation Control (RCC) technique. The proposed control scheme has a very fast convergence and is very prompt in tracking irradiance variation and load disturbance rejection. The efficacy of the proposed MPPT and the compensator are verified by simulation.
— This paper proposes a utility supply driven single stage PFC based LED driver using Cúk convert... more — This paper proposes a utility supply driven single stage PFC based LED driver using Cúk converter. For low DC voltage output requirement of LED driver, Cúk converter is a convenient choice due to its topological suitability for PFC application and stepping the voltage down at a desired level unlike the Boost Converter. A hysteresis current control scheme is adopted to operate the converter in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and fast enough to follow the current reference causing power factor to approach near unity. Although the converter operates at variable switching frequency, the response is very fast and independent of the converter dynamics. At the same time the converter ensures a constant current drive at the output side to operate the LED. Theoretical analysis, design calculation and simulation results confirm that the proposed single stage control scheme operates with an improved THD and performs better compared to the commercially available controller because the same converter is used for both PFC and LED Driver. As it diminishes one stage of power conversion, the efficiency of the driver is increased whereas the complexity in controller design and implementation is decreased.
—An improved algorithm for MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) and Field Weakening operation which i... more —An improved algorithm for MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) and Field Weakening operation which is suitable for implementation with Field Oriented Control, has been proposed for the Synchronous Reluctance motor (SynRel) for high dynamic performance. The proposed method overcomes the problem of excessive current flow into the machine while generating the d-axis and q-axis current commands independently. At the same time to operate the inverter in the linear modulation region (0≤m≤1) to minimize the output torque ripple. The proposed method helps to attain MTPA operation below the base speed to operate with the rated load and a fast speed response in Field Weakening mode. The validity and efficacy of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation in MATLAB and SIMULINK.
A self-design anemometer can provide accurate reading compared to any other anemometer which is f... more A self-design anemometer can provide accurate reading compared to any other anemometer which is found in market. Any adjustable speed drive uses an incremental shaft encoder or a sensor and an electronic circuit for rpm as well as wind velocity estimation. The method of counting pulses generated by a sensor in a period of time produces a high precision velocity or rpm estimate in the high speed range. The purpose of the project is to measure wind speed with a self-design low cost anemometer in between campus-4 and 5 of American
International University-Bangladesh located in Banani, Dhaka at
23.794503°N 90.406175°E and 23.794278°N 90.405611°E where
natural wind is available and it is possible to make small scale power generation. This anemometer is able to measure the wind velocity and provide voltages which are linearly proportional. Besides efforts have been taken to reduce the cost of anemometer as much as possible.
A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several... more A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several existing well established MPPT algorithms, the open voltage (OV) based algorithm is chosen to design the proposed MPPT circuit developed in this paper. The designed circuit is simple and easy to implement yet moderately efficient in MPP tracking. Due to its simplicity it can be very easily integrated with a PV module which would serve the purpose of battery charge controller and no separate charge controller would be needed. The efficiency of the MPPT circuit is more than 95% and the system, with the buck converter, is 86% efficient.
The electrical characteristics of a 60W, 12V PV panel is presented on this paper for geographical... more The electrical characteristics of a 60W, 12V PV panel is presented on this paper for geographical location of Latitude = 23° 43'N and Longitude = 90°25'E (Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh). The open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the panel are measured and recorded at an interval of three minutes along with the total solar irradiation. The total solar irradiation is measured using the device “UNIKLIMA VARIO” commissioned in the automatic weather monitoring station of the university. Based on the weekly data voltage-times and current-time curves are plotted for three different seasons from which the total available electrical power curve is also derived. Then the electrical efficiency of the panel is calculated using the solar irradiation data. The objective is to observe the variation of efficiency for different weather and atmospheric condition. The voltage generated by a PV panel depends on the geographical location of the site, time of the year, time of the day and local weather condition. The geographical and climatic condition of the chosen site is suitable for PV power systems. The electrical design of the array is influenced by the factors such as- sun intensity, sun angle, load matching for maximum power and operating temperature of the panel. Based on the experiments it has been observed that with increased radiation, the panel current is increased linearly. With a constant irradiation, the output voltage of the panel is increased for a decrease in the panel temperature or vice-versa. Finally the efficiency curve for the three different seasons is plotted and according to the observed data a comparison is carried on based on different factors affecting the efficiency of the panel. The total energy output in kWh is also calculated using the power curve of the panel for three different seasonal variations.
To meet the ever increasing electricity demand in the urban area, roof-top solar PV offers a feas... more To meet the ever increasing electricity demand in the urban area, roof-top solar PV offers a feasible and alternative solution along with conventional power supply from the electricity grid. Geographic Information Systems can be used as a significantly useful tool for potential rooftop distribution mapping. This paper aims at mapping potential roof-top area available in Dhaka city and evaluating the possible electricity supply from such installations. In this work, ArcGIS software has been used to compile and analyze the geographic data for potential bright roof-top area whereas HOMER has been used to model the energy system and to investigate the energy share from the roof-top PV installations. This type of study will encourage the entrepreneurship in the field of rooftop solar home system in the urban areas of a country.
Pumps can be operated as turbines to generate electricity by changing the mode of its operation a... more Pumps can be operated as turbines to generate electricity by changing the mode of its operation and reversing the direction of power flow. Since the pump manufacturers usually do not provide datasheet showing the pump's characteristics and performance when operating as turbines, problem arises as to understand how the pump behaves in the turbine mode or reverse running mode. To resolve the problem scientists have developed different mathematical models to find the pump behavior in the turbine mode and its characteristics. In this paper, the BEP (best efficiency point) of a pump operated as turbine (PAT) turbine is mathematically determined using two different methods with the help of the experimentally obtained general pump characteristics data. The BEP is then used to determine the amount of hydraulic power and hence in turn the amount of electrical power that can be generated when an induction machine (operated in generator mode) is coupled to the pump. Also a suitable site is assumed to determine the operating points or range of the PAT using the conventional mathematical models available in many literatures of fluid mechanics.
A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several... more A MPPT is required for effective operation and power extraction from a PV module. Amongst several existing well established MPPT algorithms, the open voltage (OV) based algorithm is chosen to design the proposed MPPT circuit developed in this paper. The designed circuit is simple and easy to implement yet moderately efficient in MPP tracking. Due to its simplicity it can be very easily integrated with a PV module which would serve the purpose of battery charge controller and no separate charge controller would be needed. The efficiency of the MPPT circuit is more than 95% and the system, with the buck converter, is 86% efficient.
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Papers by S.m. Ferdous
International University-Bangladesh located in Banani, Dhaka at
23.794503°N 90.406175°E and 23.794278°N 90.405611°E where
natural wind is available and it is possible to make small scale power generation. This anemometer is able to measure the wind velocity and provide voltages which are linearly proportional. Besides efforts have been taken to reduce the cost of anemometer as much as possible.
International University-Bangladesh located in Banani, Dhaka at
23.794503°N 90.406175°E and 23.794278°N 90.405611°E where
natural wind is available and it is possible to make small scale power generation. This anemometer is able to measure the wind velocity and provide voltages which are linearly proportional. Besides efforts have been taken to reduce the cost of anemometer as much as possible.